ADAM19在人胎盘组织中的表达及其对滋养层细胞侵润、黏附的影响

去整合素基质金属蛋白酶19（a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 19,ADAM19）是新近发现的ADAMs（a disintegrin and metalloproteinase）家族新成员,在人胎盘组织中有较高水平的表达,但其在胎盘发生过程中母胎界面的时空表达及功能还鲜有报道.本研究首次就ADAM19在正常胎盘中的时空表达进行了研究,并以人绒毛膜癌细胞系JEG-3细胞为体外研究模型分析了ADAM19对滋养层细胞侵润和黏附的影响及其机理.研究结果显示,从空间上看,ADAM19在多种滋养层细胞中有广泛的分布,包括细胞滋养层细胞（vctb）、合体滋养层细胞（stb）和滋养层细胞柱（ct）,绒毛内毛细血管的内皮细胞等.RT-PCR和Western印迹分析显示在孕早期8,9周龄绒毛中ADAM19的表达量较高,但在26周和足月胎盘中其mRNA和蛋白水平均明显下调.在JEG-3细胞中瞬时转染ADAM19可以降低其侵润能力同时增强细胞间的黏附.研究结果提示,ADAM19可能是胎盘发生过程中非常重要的滋养层细胞功能的调节分子.     

MMP-26 在人正常胎盘滋养层细胞中的表达及激活素 A 对其表达的调节

胚胎植入和胎盘形成涉及细胞外基质的降解和重建,以及细胞的增殖、凋亡、迁移和分化,基质金属蛋白酶 (MMPs) 是参与这些事件的主要蛋白水解酶系统 . MMP-26 是近年来发现的 MMPs 家族的新成员,但其功能所知甚少 . 通过半定量 RT-PCR 、免疫组织化学、荧光免疫细胞化学等手段,发现人胎盘中 MMP-26 主要定位于绒毛滋养层细胞,在绒毛间质细胞中也有少量表达 . 妊娠早期,胎盘中 MMP-26 表达水平较高,至妊娠中期降至最低,但在足月胎盘中其表达又有显著提高,提示 MMP-26 可能参与妊娠早期滋养层细胞的侵润和分娩时的胎盘剥离 . 体外培养的妊娠早期人细胞滋养层细胞能产生一定水平的 MMP-26 ,而其表达受到激活素 A 的剂量依赖性刺激,表明滋养层细胞中存在 MMP-26 表达的自分泌 / 旁分泌调节 .     

基质金属蛋白酶MMP-26能有效促进人绒毛膜上皮癌细胞JEG-3浸润能力

胚胎植入过程中,滋养层细胞浸润与肿瘤的迁移过程非常相似,但显著的区别在于前者是受严格调控的有节制的浸润,基质金属蛋白酶(MMPs)的许多成员在其中起重要的作用.MMP-26是近年来发现的MMPs家族的新成员,它在滋养层细胞中的作用所知甚少.利用国际常用的人滋养层细胞模型——人绒毛膜上皮癌细胞系(JEG-3)作为体外实验模型,探讨MMP-26在人滋养层细胞浸润调节中的作用.将含有MMP-26全长cDNA的pCR3.1质粒转染到JEG-3细胞中,获得过量表达MMP-26基因的稳定细胞系JEG-3/MMP-26;细胞浸润分析表明JEG/MMP-26细胞的浸润能力较母本细胞明显增强;RT-PCR和明胶酶谱分析显示JEG-3/MMP-26细胞中MMP-9的表达和分泌水平提高;双荧光免疫细胞化学进一步显示MMP-26和MMP-9蛋白在细胞中有共定位现象.上述结果表明MMP-26能有效促进人滋养层细胞浸润,其作用可能是通过与其他MMP分子(如MMP-9)的协调来实现的.     

整合素连接激酶和基质金属蛋白酶-9在非小细胞肺癌表达的研究

目的探讨整合素连接激酶(integrin-linked kinase,ILK)和基质金属蛋白酶(matrix metalloproteinase-9,MMP-9)在非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)中的表达及其与临床病理特征的关系.方法应用SP免疫组织化学方法检测74例手术切除NSCLC标本和10例正常肺组织中ILK和MMP-9蛋白的表达.结果在NSCLC组织中ILK和MMP-9蛋白的阳性表达率分别为74.5%(55/74)和71.6%(53/74),均明显高于正常肺组织(P<0.05).ILK 阳性表达率与原发灶大小,组织学类型,分化程度,淋巴结转移,临床分期均无密切关系(P>0.05);MMP-9阳性表达率与原发灶大小,组织学类型,分化程度,淋巴结转移,临床分期均有密切关系(P<0.05).结论 ILK和MMP-9蛋白过度表达可能分别在NSCLC的发生和发展过程中起重要作用.     

姜黄素对胃癌细胞系HGC-27增殖及侵袭力的影响

目的:探讨姜黄素(curcumin,Cur)对胃癌细胞系HGC-27细胞增殖及侵袭力的影响以阐明Cur的抗瘤机制。方法:采用MTT法检测不同剂量(0、10、20、30、40?mol/L)及不同处理时间(24、48、72h)的姜黄素对HGC-27细胞增殖活性的影响;Transwell侵袭实验检测姜黄素对HGC-27细胞侵袭力的抑制作用。结果:1.MTT法显示姜黄素显著抑制HGC-27细胞增殖,20μmol/L,30μmol/L,40μmol/L姜黄素处理72小时其生长抑制率分别为24.63%,32.42%,76.43%,有明显的剂量及时间依赖性,不同剂量组之间及不同处理时间组之间比较有差异显著性(P<0.05)。2.Transwell侵袭实验显示姜黄素显著抑制HGC-27细胞的侵袭力,呈剂量和时间依赖性,各剂量组与对照组比较差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论:姜黄素通过抑制HGC-27细胞增殖和侵袭行为起到抗肿瘤作用。     

Epithelial Sodium Channel in a Human Trophoblast Cell Line (BeWo)

Atomic force microscopy was used to image Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxins interacting with their natural targets, Manduca sexta midgut brush border membranes (BBMs), as well as with dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine-dioleoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC-DOPC) solid-supported lipid bilayers. In lipid bilayers, Cry1Aa formed structures 30-60 nm wide and 3-7 nm high, mostly at the interface of domains formed by the two different lipids or at the edge of DOPC-enriched domains. BBM vesicles, in the absence of toxin, formed flat membrane fragments of up to 25 microm(2) and 4.2 nm high, with irregular embedded structures. After incubation with Cry1Aa, Cry1Ac and Cry1C, which are active against M. sexta, new structures, 35 nm wide and 5.1-6.7 nm high, were observed in some membrane fragments, sometimes only in particular regions. Their density, which reached a plateau within 4 h, was toxin- and concentration-dependent. The structures formed by Cry1Ac were often grouped into dense, two-dimensional arrangements. No such specific interactions were observed with Cry1Ba, which is inactive against M. sexta. This study provides the first visual demonstration of specific interactions of Bt toxins with insect midgut BBMs at the nanometric scale. The observed structures likely represent the protein complexes forming functional Bt pores in target membranes.     

表皮生长因子受体调控的人鼻咽癌细胞系CNE2分泌蛋白质的筛选

为筛选表皮生长因子受体(epidermalgrowthfactorreceptor,EGFR)调控的鼻咽癌(nasopharyngealcarcinoma,NPC)细胞的分泌蛋白质,揭示EGFR在NPC发病中的作用机制,采用无血清培养法培养NPC细胞系CNE2,并用转化生长因子(transforminggrowthfactor-α,TGF-α)刺激CNE2细胞24h作为实验组,对照组CNE2细胞不用TGF-α刺激.超滤法脱盐并浓缩两组细胞的培养上清制备分泌蛋白,采用双向凝胶电泳技术(two-dimensionalelectrophoresis,2-DE)分离两组细胞的分泌蛋白,PDquest图像分析软件识别差异表达的蛋白质点,基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱(matrix-assistedlaserdesorption/ionizationtimeofflightmassspectrometry,MALDI-TOF-MS)鉴定差异表达蛋白.建立了实验组和对照组CNE2细胞分泌蛋白的2-DE图谱,图像分析识别了22个差异蛋白质点,质谱鉴定了8个非冗余蛋白质,其功能涉及肿瘤细胞侵袭转移、细胞凋亡和增殖,为进一步揭示EGFR在NPC发病中的作用及其机制奠定了基础.     

鼻咽癌相关基因NGX6对鼻咽癌细胞周期的影响

为了探讨鼻咽癌（NPC）候选抑瘤基因NGX6对NPC细胞的细胞周期进程及细胞周期素的影响,阐明它的作用机制,通过建立稳定表达NGX6的鼻咽癌HNE1细胞株,采用细胞免疫组织化学,流式细胞仪检测与分析细胞周期及细胞周期素的改变,用western blot验证它对细胞周期的影响。结果显示稳定表达NGX6的HNE1细胞较对照组细胞周期中G0/G1期比值明显增加,而S期比例减少。细胞凋亡率无明显变化。流式细胞仪检测发现cyclinD1、A和E的表达明显减少,以cyclinD1的改变最为明显。Western blot检测也发现cyclinD1的表达明显下调。以上结果说明NGX6主要通过下调cyclinD1的表达,延缓细胞周期的G1→S的进程,从而抑制NPC细胞的过度增殖。     

鼻咽癌相关基因 BRD7 对鼻咽癌细胞CNE1的影响

为了研究BRD7基因对鼻咽癌细胞CNE1的影响,通过脂质体转染方法,将BRD7基因导入NPC细胞株CNE1细胞中.通过细胞生长曲线发现该基因能够抑制CNE1细胞的生长.为了探讨可能的作用机制,进而采用蛋白质组技术研究该基因对鼻咽癌蛋白质表达谱的影响,从而研究该基因在CNE1中的地位和作用.通过对过表达BRD7基因后鼻咽癌细胞系CNE1的蛋白质表达谱改变的研究,鉴定出19个差异表达蛋白,这些蛋白质包括:BCCIP (BRCA2 and CDKN1A(p21(Waf1/Cipl)),FHL2(four and a half LIM domains 2),Chloride channel regulatory protein;Hin-1(high-in-normal-1),WISP-1(connective tissue growth factor related protein),SREC-4(scavenger receptor expressed by endothelial cells-2),folate receptor.这些差异蛋白涉及到基因表达调控、细胞黏附等众多的事件.从另一个侧面研究了BRD7基因与鼻咽癌的关系,扩展了BRD7基因的研究范围,并进一步充实了该基因做为鼻咽癌候选抑瘤基因的证据.     

鼻咽癌细胞系CNE2中NPCEDRG基因mRNA剪接变异体的分析

NPCEDRG基因是采用基因定位候选克隆策略获得的1个鼻咽癌候选抑瘤基因. NPCEDRG在鼻咽癌细胞和组织中表达下调,重新恢复NPCEDRG基因在CNE2细胞系的表达,可部分逆转CNE2 的恶性表型. 本研究对CNE2细胞所表达的NPCEDRG基因mRNA剪接变异体克隆、鉴定,发现NPCEDRG基因至少有7个转录起始位点,其中NM_032316的TSS位于ATG上游-85 nt处,AF538150和AK094248的TSS位于-25 nt处;AF538150不存在第2外显子中6核苷酸序列（5′-TTGCAG-3′）的缺失,其CDs为516 bp,编码1种由171个氨基酸组成的蛋白质（而非GenBank中公布的CDs为510 bp,1种由169个氨基酸组成的蛋白质）. 本研究成功克隆得到1种新的NPCEDRG基因的mRNA剪接变异体V2,其TSS位于-23 nt处,其CDs为297 bp,编码1种由98个氨基酸组成的蛋白质.     

Effect of lysophospholipids on signaling in the Human jurkat T Cell Line

Lysophospholipids have recently been demonstrated to induce activation and proliferation of fibroblasts and other cell lineages by interacting with high affinity cell surface receptors leading to specific intracellular signaling events. Platelet activation, likely at the site of injury or inflammation, results in increased production of lysophospholipids suggesting a possible source of lysophospholipids. We have recently demonstrated that high concentrations of lysophospholipids are present in ascites and plasma from ovarian cancer patients, suggesting that physiologically produced lysophospholipids could interact with cells present in these fluids, including lymphocytes, and alter their function. We demonstrate herein that lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), lysophosphatidylserine (LPS), and sphingosylphosphorylcholine (SPC) activate the Jurkat T cell line. Each of the lysophospholipids induced a transient increase in cytosolic free calcium ([Ca2⁺]_i) in Jurkat cells. Increases in [Ca2⁺]_i were cross‐desensitized by LPA, LPS and SPC, suggesting that the lysophospholipids share the same receptor(s) or that their downstream signaling pathways converge or interact. Lysophosphatidylgycerol (LPG), a competitive inhibitor of the putative LPA receptor, inhibited the calcium releasing activity of LPA, but not that of LPS and SPC, suggesting that these lysophospholipids interact with different receptors and that desensitization is due to interactions in downstream signaling pathways. The ability of the lysophospholipids to induce increases in [Ca2⁺]_i was attenuated, but not completely blocked, by increases in [Ca2⁺]_i induced by activation of the thrombin receptor. In contrast, increases in [Ca2⁺]_i induced by the lysophospholipids and cross‐linking the CD3 component of the T cell receptor complex with the UCHT1 antibody did not undergo heterologous desensitization. Strikingly, LPA is sufficient to stimulate proliferation of Jurkat cells in serum‐free medium or in synergy with low concentrations of fetal bovine serum. In addition, LPA also increased the production of the T cell growth factor, interleukin 2 (IL‐2), by Jurkat cells treated with phorbol esters. LPS, in contrast, inhibited Jurkat proliferation while increasing IL‐2 production and SPC inhibited both processes. Thus, although all three lysophospholipids were sufficient to induce a transient increase in [Ca2⁺]_i in Jurkat cells, they induced markedly different physiological consequences. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

Rotating Cell Culture Systems for Human Cell Culture: Human Trophoblast Cells as a Model

The field of human trophoblast research aids in understanding the complex environment established during placentation. Due to the nature of these studies, human in vivo experimentation is impossible. A combination of primary cultures, explant cultures and trophoblast cell lines¹ support our understanding of invasion of the uterine wall² and remodeling of uterine spiral arteries^3,4 by extravillous trophoblast cells (EVTs), which is required for successful establishment of pregnancy. Despite the wealth of knowledge gleaned from such models, it is accepted that in vitro cell culture models using EVT-like cell lines display altered cellular properties when compared to their in vivo counterparts^5,6. Cells cultured in the rotating cell culture system (RCCS) display morphological, phenotypic, and functional properties of EVT-like cell lines that more closely mimic differentiating in utero EVTs, with increased expression of genes mediating invasion (e.g. matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)) and trophoblast differentiation^7,8,9. The Saint Georges Hospital Placental cell Line-4 (SGHPL-4) (kindly donated by Dr. Guy Whitley and Dr. Judith Cartwright) is an EVT-like cell line that was used for testing in the RCCS.The design of the RCCS culture vessel is based on the principle that organs and tissues function in a three-dimensional (3-D) environment. Due to the dynamic culture conditions in the vessel, including conditions of physiologically relevant shear, cells grown in three dimensions form aggregates based on natural cellular affinities and differentiate into organotypic tissue-like assemblies^10,11,12 . The maintenance of a fluid orbit provides a low-shear, low-turbulence environment similar to conditions found in vivo. Sedimentation of the cultured cells is countered by adjusting the rotation speed of the RCCS to ensure a constant free-fall of cells. Gas exchange occurs through a permeable hydrophobic membrane located on the back of the bioreactor. Like their parental tissue in vivo, RCCS-grown cells are able to respond to chemical and molecular gradients in three dimensions (i.e. at their apical, basal, and lateral surfaces) because they are cultured on the surface of porous microcarrier beads. When grown as two-dimensional monolayers on impermeable surfaces like plastic, cells are deprived of this important communication at their basal surface. Consequently, the spatial constraints imposed by the environment profoundly affect how cells sense and decode signals from the surrounding microenvironment, thus implying an important role for the 3-D milieu¹³.We have used the RCCS to engineer biologically meaningful 3-D models of various human epithelial tissues^7,14,15,16. Indeed, many previous reports have demonstrated that cells cultured in the RCCS can assume physiologically relevant phenotypes that have not been possible with other models^10,17-21. In summary, culture in the RCCS represents an easy, reproducible, high-throughput platform that provides large numbers of differentiated cells that are amenable to a variety of experimental manipulations. In the following protocol, using EVTs as an example, we clearly describe the steps required to three-dimensionally culture adherent cells in the RCCS.     

高良姜素对人食管鳞癌KYSE-510细胞的抑制作用

探讨在体外高良姜素对人食管鳞癌KYSE-510细胞的抑制作用以及可能的作用机制.MTT结果表明,高良姜素对人食管鳞癌KYSE-510细胞具有很强的生长抑制作用.光学显微镜、激光共聚焦显微镜以及流式细胞仪的分析结果表明,高良姜素可诱导KYSE-510细胞分化.荧光定量RT-PCR和Western印迹分析结果表明,高良姜素诱导P21^waf1、抑制细胞周期蛋白B1和细胞周期蛋白D1的表达,推测上述基因可能是高良姜素实现细胞分化诱导作用的靶基因.