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1.
目的 :探讨磁共振短时的反转恢复序列 (STIR)在膝关节骨挫伤中的临床应用。方法 :通过 32例膝关节外伤病例在常规SE序列、FSE序列和STIR序列中的影像表现 ,分析STIR序列的优越性。结果 :32例共 45个骨挫伤病灶 ,T1W发现 38个 (占 84% ) ,T2W发现 37个 (占 82 % ) ,STIR序列病灶全部显示( 1 0 0 % )。结论 :STIR序列对骨挫伤的敏感性较高 ,能显示微小的骨髓水肿 ,充血及骨小梁的微骨折及其周围的骨软骨、关节囊的细微变化 ,对膝关节外伤具有较高价值。  相似文献   

2.
    
The aims of this study were to introduce and validate a novel computationally-efficient subject-specific tibiofemoral joint model. Subjects performed a quasi-static lunge while micro-dose radiation bi-planar X-rays (EOS Imaging, Paris, France) were captured at roughly 0°, 20°, 45°, 60°, and 90° of tibiofemoral flexion. Joint translations and rotations were extracted from this experimental data through 2D-to-3D bone reconstructions, using an iterative closest point optimization technique, and employed during model calibration and validation. Subject-specific moving-axis and hinge models for comparisons were constructed in the AnyBody Modeling System (AMS) from Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)-extracted anatomical surfaces and compared against the experimental data. The tibiofemoral axis of the hinge model was defined between the epicondyles while the moving-axis model was defined based on two tibiofemoral flexion angles (0° and 90°) and the articulation modeled such that the tibiofemoral joint axis moved linearly between these two positions as a function of the tibiofemoral flexion. Outside this range, the joint axis was assumed to remain stationary. Overall, the secondary joint kinematics (ML: medial–lateral, AP: anterior-posterior, SI: superior-inferior, IE: internal-external, AA: adduction-abduction) were better approximated by the moving-axis model with mean differences and standard errors of (ML: −1.98 ± 0.37 mm, AP: 6.50 ± 0.82 mm, SI: 0.05 ± 0.20 mm, IE: 0.59 ± 0.36°, AA: 1.90 ± 0.79°) and higher coefficients of determination (R2) for each clinical measure. While the hinge model achieved mean differences and standard errors of (ML: −0.84 ± 0.45 mm, AP: 10.11 ± 0.88 mm, SI: 0.66 ± 0.62 mm, IE: −3.17 ± 0.86°, AA: 11.60 ± 1.51°).  相似文献   

3.
梁志伟  江新青  吴梅  魏新华  夏建东  郭媛 《生物磁学》2009,(13):2499-2501,2479
目的:探讨三维快速梯度回波水激励膝关节软骨成像序列(3D-FFE-WATS)相对于三维快速梯度回波预饱和反转恢复法脂肪抑制序列(3D-FFE-SPIR)在显示膝关节软骨方面的优势,选择显示膝关节软骨的最佳序列。方法:应用3D-FFE-WATS及3D-FFE-SPIR序列组合对20名志愿者及30例疑诊关节软骨损伤的单膝关节进行检查,获得膝关节各软骨的3D图像,并利用3D最大密度投影法(MIP)进行横断面和冠状面3D重建。分析上述2种序列对软骨病变的显示及检出能力,计算其对关节软骨的信噪比(SNR)和对比噪声比(CNR),并进行统计学分析。结果:两序列在显示膝关节软骨SNR方面,无统计学意义(P〉0.05);两种序列在显示软骨与关节液的CNR、软骨与骨皮质的CNR、软骨与骨髓的CNR、软骨与肌肉的CNR差异方面t值分别为(-30.619;2.348;-2.408;2.216),有统计学意义(P〈0.05)。结论:3D-FFE-WATS序列可作为膝关节软骨成像的首选序列。  相似文献   

4.
侯昌龙  周根泉 《生物磁学》2010,(17):3355-3359
磁共振波谱(magnetic resonance spectroscopy,MRS)技术的出现使活体检测组织的代谢和生化信息成为可能,随着其技术的不断成熟,其在临床的应用范围日益扩大。脑胶质瘤具有与正常脑组织不同的代谢特征,借助MRS技术一方面可以反映其代谢特征,另外可将其与正常脑组织区分,因此MRS技术特别是^1H-MRS在脑胶质瘤的诊断、鉴别诊断、分级及预后评估中应用日益广泛。本文就相关进展进行综述。  相似文献   

5.
Fifty normal noninfarct patients and 12 cases with infarcts of the cerebrum were examined with routine magnetic resonance imaging and echo-planar diffusion-weighted imaging. The diffusion-weighted three-dimensional images were reconstructed with volume-rendering processing on workstation. Precentral gyrus, post-central gyrus, superior parietal lobule, superior frontal gyrus, precentral sulcus, central sulcus, postcentral sulcus, intraparietal sulcus and superior frontal sulcus were best shown of all structures with an arbitrary score of 2.61–2.77. Supramarginal gyrus, middle frontal gyrus, inferior frontal gyrus and lateral sulcus were clearly shown in the majority of the cerebra with average scores of 2.0–2.49; angular gyrus, inferior frontal sulcus and superior temporal gyrus were not demonstrated satisfactorily and their average scores were 1.67–1.89. Middle temporal gyrus, inferior temporal gyrus, superior temporal sulcus and inferior temporal sulcus were difficult to identify, and thus had average scores of 0.87–1.26. Brain surface structures were better displayed in the older group of individuals than in the younger group. The structures in the 12 cases with acute or chronic cerebrum infarcts were also satisfactorily demonstrated with this new technique.  相似文献   

6.
磁共振成像技术因对人体无创、任意方向断层扫描三维图像且分辨率较高、提供形态与功能两方面诊断评价等突出优点,成为了临床上用于疾病诊断的重要手段之一。临床上使用磁共振造影剂可以提高成像的分辨率和灵敏度,提高图像质量,增强对比度和可读性。但是,各种成像技术由于实现原理不同,具有各自的优势和缺陷,靠传统单一的诊断模式无法提供疾病的全面信息,因而在对各种复杂疾病进行诊断时会受到一定的限制。因此,将磁共振成像与其他成像技术如CT成像、超声成像等联合起来使用,则可以达到优势互补的效果,能为疾病的临床诊断提供更快捷精确的信息,同时可将磁共振成像与各种治疗方式结合在一起,即开发基于磁共振成像的诊断治疗一体化试剂,以实现对疾病的即时治疗和实时监控。本文主要介绍了磁共振成像造影剂的原理和种类,并且综述了目前国内外在基于磁共振成像的多功能造影剂/诊疗制剂这一领域的研究进展,最后就未来可能的研究方向进行了展望。  相似文献   

7.
Subject-specific musculoskeletal models are essential to biomedical research and clinical applications, such as customized joint replacement, computer-aided surgical planning, gait analysis and automated segmentation. Generating these models from CT or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is time and resource intensive, requiring special skills. Therefore, in many studies individual bone models are approximated by scaling a generic template. Thus, the primary goal of this study was to determine a set of clinically available parameters (palpable measures and demographic data) that could improve the prediction of femoral dimensions, as compared to predicting these variables using uniform scaling based on palpable length. Similar to previous non-homogenous anthropometric scaling methods, the non-homogenous scaling method proposed in this study improved the prediction over uniform scaling of five key femoral measures. Homogenous scaling forces all dimensions of an object to be scaled equally, whereas non-homogenous scaling allows the dimensions to be scaled independently. The largest improvement was in femoral depth, where the coefficient of determination (r2) improved from 0.22 (homogenous) to 0.60 (non-homogeneous). In general, the major advantage of this non-homogenous scaling method is its ability to support the accurate and rapid generation of subject-specific femoral models since all parameters can be collected clinically, without imaging or invasive methods.  相似文献   

8.
We report in vivo and in vitro MRI properties of six gadolinium-dendrimer and gadolinium-albumin conjugates of derivatized acyclic diethylenetriamine-N,N′,N′,N″, N″-pentaacetic acid (1B4M) and macrocyclic 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-N,N′,N″,N?-tetraacetic acid (C-DOTA). The three albumin-based agents have comparable protein to chelate ratios (1:16-18) as well as molar relaxivity (8.8-10.4 mM− 1 s− 1). The three dendrimer based agents have blood clearance half-lives ranging from 17 to 66 min while that of the three albumin-based agents are comparable to one another (40-47 min). The dynamic image obtained from use of the albumin conjugate based on the macrocycle (C-DOTA) showed a higher contrast compared to the remaining two albumin based agents. Our conclusion from all of the results is that the macrocyclic-based (DOTA) agents are more suitable than the acyclic-based (1B4M) agent for in vivo use based on their MRI properties combined with the kinetic inertness property associated with the more stable Gd(III) DOTA complex.  相似文献   

9.
Muscle cross-section measurement by magnetic resonance imaging   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
Muscle cross-section areas were measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the thigh of a human cadaver, the results being compared with those obtained by photography of corresponding anatomic macroslices. A close correlation was found between MRI and photographic evaluation, differences between the methods ranging from nil to 9.5%, depending on the scan position and the muscle groups. In vivo MRI measurements were performed on 12 female and 16 male students, the objectivity, the test-retest reliability and the variability of the MRI measurements being studied by fixing the scan position either manually or by coronary scan. The latter method appeared to be more objective and reliable. The coefficients of variation for muscle cross-section areas measured by MRI were in the range of those for the planimetry of given cross-section areas. Allowing for differentiation between several small muscle bundles in a given area, MRI proved to be a suitable method to quantify muscle cross-sections for intra- and interindividual analysis of muscle size.  相似文献   

10.
In some dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) applications, the sample is still, and only the signal intensity changes with time. For such cases, the keyhole imaging principle can be used. In standard keyhole imaging, a low-frequency image signal is acquired, using a limited number of phase-encoding steps, which correspond to the rectangular sampling region in the k-space center. However, such a region practically never coincides with the position of the k-space points, which carry the most relevant low-frequency image information. In this paper we propose an improved keyhole method, which allows dynamic acquisition of a low-frequency image signal from selected most relevant k-space points via fast imaging mechanisms. Dynamic data acquisition is executed in the presence of time-varying magnetic-field (MF) gradients after single sample excitation. Special care has been taken in the design of the gradient sequence to minimize gradient load. This improved keyhole imaging method has been considered theoretically and verified experimentally on a model system.  相似文献   

11.
超顺磁性造影剂的研究进展   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
超顺磁性造影剂是一种新型的磁共振造影剂,对肝脾等部位的成像效果显著,已成为国内外研究的热点之一。本文对超顺磁性造影剂的增强原理和制备方法进行了总结及评论。  相似文献   

12.
目的:探讨弥漫性轴索损伤(DAI)的CT、常规MRI序列和磁敏感加权成像(SWI)表现与诊断价值。方法:回顾分析42例DAI患者的影像资料,分析、比较CT、MRI和SWI的信号特征及脑内病灶显示率。结果:SWI显示病灶最多、最敏感;脑CT扫描次之;常规MRI序列敏感性差,只有部分病灶显示。结论:CT、MRI和SWI对DAI早期诊断、治疗及评价预后具有重要参考价值,SWI是诊断DAI最有效的首选影像学检查方法。  相似文献   

13.
目的:探讨腮腺腺淋巴瘤的MR表现特征。方法:回顾性分析12例经病理证实的腺淋巴瘤患者MR及临床资料,男性10例,女性2例,平均年龄59.1岁。观察病灶的数目、部位、形态、边界、大小以及MR信号特点等。结果:12例中,单发9例,多发3例,共17个病灶。其中12个病灶位于腮腺浅叶后下部,13个病灶为纵向生长椭圆形。T1WI上16个病灶为等或稍高于肌肉信号,1个含有高信号。STIR序列中等稍高信号者7个,10个含有大小不等的明显高信号。增强扫描轻到中度强化者15个,明显强化2个。9个病例颈部可见中等大小淋巴结。结论:50岁以上吸烟男性,发现腮腺浅叶后下方边界清楚、纵向生长椭圆占位,STIR序列信号欠均匀,高度提示腺淋巴瘤。  相似文献   

14.
目的大鼠是常用的制备心脏病模型的实验动物,而磁共振成像(MRI)技术已经成为评价心脏病模型病理进程和药效的重要技术手段,但是目前国内外没有正常大鼠心脏的磁共振成像技术参数,影响了这一技术的应用。本文利用磁共振成像技术,采集和定量分析Wistar、Sprague-Dawley和Lewis三种常用大鼠的左、右心室功能参数,为心脏病模型制备和分析提供参考数据。方法利用7.0T高场强MRI心脏电影(CINE)序列,分析这三种常用大鼠活体心脏组织的左、右心室心功能参数。结果获得三种大鼠左、右心室的8—9周龄功能参数,包括:左、右心室的舒张末容积(EDV)、收缩末容积(ESV)、射血分数(EF);左心室乳头肌层面舒张末期内径(EDD)、收缩末期内径(ESD)、短轴缩短率(Fs)、舒张末前后室壁厚度(EDAWT,EDPWT)、收缩末前后室壁厚度(ESAWT,ESPWT)、前室壁增厚率(AWT)和后室壁增厚率(PwT);右心室乳头肌层面舒张末室壁厚度(EDWT)、收缩末室壁厚度(ESWT)和室壁增厚率(WT)等十八项心脏主要功能和结构的正常值。结论本研究获得的三种大鼠十八项心脏主要功能和结构的正常值,可作为心脏病模型制备成模判定和病理进程、药物评价的参考数据。  相似文献   

15.
目的:探讨化学饱和法脂肪抑制技术在上腹部磁共振检查中的应用。材料与方法:使用的机器为美国马可尼公司生产的Elips 1.5T磁共振成像仪,常规检查上腹部病人,研究对象的条件:在自动匀场时出现单水峰的位置与Y轴不重叠,选择40例病人做两次扫描,第一次是匀场自动完成后进行扫描;第二次是在匀场时通过人为的干预,使得FID最大的水峰调整到Y轴上,提交后进行扫描,对40例的图像进行自配对,比较压脂图像质量。结果:压脂序列图像:自动匀场完成后重T2加权T2/C薄层图像均含有脂肪信号,经最大信号投影重建胰胆管图像也含有脂肪信号,整体图像对比度差;经人工干预手动调节使水峰的最高点与Y轴重叠,扫描所得图像不含脂肪信号。结论:快速动态自动匀场可以使MRI图像质量得到显著改善,在自动匀场时通过人工的干预可获得高质量的压脂图像是必需的。  相似文献   

16.

Aim

To define the optimal margin on MRI scans in the re-radiation planning of recurrent glioblastoma using methionine positron emission tomography (MET-PET).

Background

It would be very useful if the optimal margin on MRI to cover the uptake area on MET-PET is known.

Materials and Methods

CT, MRI, and MET-PET were performed separately over the course of 2 weeks. Among the MRI scans, we used the contrast-enhanced T1-weighted images (Gd-MRI) and T2-weighted images (T2-MRI). The Gd-MRI-based clinical target volume (CTV) (CTV-Gd) and the T2-MRI-based CTV (CTV-T2) were defined as the contrast-enhanced area on Gd-MRI and the high intensity area on T2-MRI, respectively. We defined CTV x mm (x = 5, 10, 15, 20) as x mm outside the CTV. MET-PET-based CTV (CTV-MPET) was defined as the area of accumulation of MET-PET. We calculated the sensitivity and specificity of CTV-Gd and CTV-T2 following comparison with CTV-MPET, which served as the gold standard in this study.

Results

The sensitivity of CTV-T2 5 mm (98%) was significantly higher than CTV-T2 (87%), and there was no significant difference in the sensitivity between CTV-T2 5 mm and CTV T2 10, 15, or 20 mm. The sensitivity of CTV-Gd 20 mm (97%) was lower than that of CTV-T2 5 mm (98%).

Conclusions

A margin of at least 5 mm around the high intensity area on T2-MRI is necessary in the target volume delineation of recurrent glioblastoma for the coverage of MET-PET findings in re-radiation therapy planning.  相似文献   

17.
目的:分析鞍旁海绵状血管瘤MR影像特点及误诊原因,提高对该疾病的诊断及鉴别诊断水平。方法:收集我院经手术病理证实的13例鞍旁海绵状血管瘤,术前均行MRI平扫及增强扫描,5例行3D-ASL检查,分析其影像学资料。结果:9例表现为横向哑铃状,鞍旁大,鞍内小,病灶主体位于颈内动脉外侧,颈内动脉海绵窦段被病灶包绕;1例鞍旁与鞍内病灶大小相似,1例病灶主体位于颈内动脉内侧,2例病灶完全位于颈内动脉外侧;7例垂体显示不清,6例垂体受推移;6例T2W I表现为类似脑脊液的极高信号;仅5例行3D-ASL检查,病灶均呈低灌注。误诊9例,其中4例误诊垂体腺瘤,5例误诊脑膜瘤。结论:横向哑铃状、病灶主体位于颈内动脉外侧及T2W I类似脑脊液的极高信号是鞍旁海绵状血管瘤的典型影像特征。对于不典型病变,借助3D-ASL可以减少误诊,充分掌握MRI影像特征及鉴别诊断的要点,对提高临床术前诊断水平具有重要价值。  相似文献   

18.
1HMRS在定性诊断乙肝后早期肝硬化中的初步研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的:研究慢性乙型肝炎后早期肝硬化患者的氢质子磁共振波谱图像特点,旨在探讨~1HMRS成像技术诊断慢乙肝后早期肝硬化的可行性,为早期肝硬化的定性诊断提供新的方法。方法:首先,筛选出15例健康志愿者及15例慢乙肝后早期肝硬化患者,并将15例患者依据肝穿结果分为S2期、S3期和S4期三组;然后,对15例健康志愿者及15例慢乙肝后肝硬化组患者进行常规MRI扫描,包括三平面定位,横断面T1加权像(T1WI)、T2加权像(T2WI),于T2WI上选取感兴趣区进行单体素氢质子波谱扫描,分别采集各化合物峰,通过GE公司波谱分析软件校正,测量各波峰峰值和峰下面积,分析正常组和病例组各波峰和峰下面积变化特征。结果:正常组均得到谷氨酸和谷氨酰氨复合物(glumatic acid andglutamylamnnia complex,Glx)峰与胆碱/磷酸肌酸(choline/phosphoric creatine acid,Cho/Pcr)峰,病例组除上述两峰外,还得到乳酸(Lacrate,Lac)峰和脂质(Lipid,Lip)峰。经统计学分析正常组与病例组Glx、Cho/Pcr峰值及峰下面积无明显差异(P>0.05),而Lac、Lip峰值及峰下面积有差异统计学意义(P<0.05)。病例组内的S2、S3及S4期三组各自的Glx、Cho/Pcr、Lac、Lip峰值及峰下面积差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:1H磁共振波谱成像技术是一种非创伤性定性检测慢乙肝后早期肝硬化的方法。  相似文献   

19.
目的:研究慢性乙型肝炎后早期肝硬化患者的氢质子磁共振波谱图像特点,旨在探讨^1HMRS成像技术诊断慢乙肝后早期肝硬化的可行性,为早期肝硬化的定性诊断提供新的方法。方法:首先,筛选出15例健康志愿者及15例慢乙肝后早期肝硬化患者。并将15例患者依据肝穿结果分为S2期、S3期和S4期三组;然后,对15例健康志愿者及15例慢乙肝后肝硬化组患者进行常规MRI扫描,包括三平面定位,横断面T1加权像(T1WI)、T2加权像(T2WI),于T2WI上选取感兴趣区进行单体素氢质子波谱扫描。分别采集各化合物峰,通过GE公司波谱分析软件校正,测量各波峰峰值和峰下面积,分析正常组和病例组各波峰和峰下面积变化特征。结果:正常组均得到谷氨酸和谷氨酰氨复合物(glumatic acid and glutamylamnnia complex,GIX)峰与胆碱/磷酸肌酸(choline/phosphoric creatine acid,Cho/Pcr)峰,病例纽除上述两峰外,还得到乳酸(Lactate,Lac)峰和脂质(Lipid,Lip)峰。经统计学分析正常组与病例组Glx、Cho/Pcr峰值及峰下面积无明显差异(P〉0.05),而Lac、Lip峰值及峰下面积有差异统计学意义(P〈0.05)。病例组内的S2、S3及S4期三组各自的Glx、Cho/Pcr、Lac、Lip峰值及峰下面积差异无统计学意义(P〉0.05)。结论:1H磁共振波谱成像技术是一种非创伤性定性检测慢乙肝后早期肝硬化的方法。  相似文献   

20.
目的:评价MRI多b值DWI序列在孤立性肺结节(SPN)良、恶性鉴别诊断中的价值。方法:选取2015年9月-2016年6月于我院行CT检查发现并未经治疗的78例SPN患者,在穿刺活检或手术前行MRI胸部检查,根据结节直径分为三组:D1≤10mm、10 mmD2≤20 mm、20 mmD3≤30 mm,DWI扫描b值(0 s/mm~2、400 s/mm~2、600 s/mm~2、800 s/mm~2)。分别测量不同b值下结节DWI图的信号评分和拟合ADC图的表观扩散系数(ADCtot值),参照病理结果进行对比分析。结果:在b值为400 s/mm~2时,良恶性结节DWI信号差异在D1组间无统计学意义(P0.05);当b值为600 s/mm~2时,良恶性结节DWI信号差异在(D1、D2、D3)组间均具有统计学意义(P0.05),且结节信号强度越高其恶性可能性越大;在b值为800 s/mm~2时,良恶性结节DWI信号差异在D3组间无统计学意义(P0.05);在良恶性结节ADCtot值对比分析中发现,不同良性结节的ADCtot值均较恶性结节偏高,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);以3为信号阈值,1.50×10~(-3) mm~2/s为ADCtot阈值,对SPN的特异性、准确性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值均较信号强度评分升高(P0.05)。结论:MRI弥散加权成像评价SPN过程中,多b值拟合ADCtot值对病变良恶性鉴别能力较好。在b值为600 s/mm~2时,其信号强度差异对SPN的良恶性信号评价效能最佳,多b值DWI序列对SPN良恶性的鉴别诊断具有重要价值。  相似文献   

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