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Balazy M 《Prostaglandins & other lipid mediators》2004,73(3-4):173-180
Recent advancements in mass spectrometry, especially the development of electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (ESI/LC/MS2) and matrix-assisted laser desorption time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI/TOF), have greatly facilitated analysis of complex biomolecules. It has now become possible to profile, in relatively short periods of time, large multicomponent groups of compounds biosynthesized by biological systems. The efficiency and accuracy of analysis have led to the development of new concepts of mass spectrometric profiling, mapping, and imaging. Profiling of proteins in biological material (proteomics) has become a widely accepted strategy for identification of mechanisms involved in the biochemistry of disease processes, and has become a novel tool for unraveling new drug targets. Evolution of proteomics has relied on ESI/LC/MS2 and MALDI/TOF, techniques that are also useful in the novel area of quantitative proteomics. 相似文献
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Baculoviruses, members of the family Baculoviridae, are large, enveloped viruses that contain a double‐stranded circular DNA genome of 80–180 kbp, encoding 90–180 putative proteins. These viruses are exclusively pathogenic for arthropods, particularly insects, and have been developed, or are being developed, as environmentally sound pesticides and eukaryotic vectors for foreign protein expression, surface display, gene delivery for gene therapy, vaccine production and drug screening. The baculoviruses contain a set of approximately 30 core genes that are conserved among all baculovirus genomes sequenced to date. Individual baculoviruses also contain a number of lineage‐ or species‐specific genes that have greatly impacted the diversification and evolution of baculoviruses. In this review, we first describe the general properties and biology of baculoviruses and then focus on the baculovirus genes and mechanisms involved in the replication, spread and survival of baculoviruses within the context of their diversity, evolution and insect manipulation. 相似文献
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This review considers principles of the use of mass spectrometry for the study of biological macromolecules. Some examples of protein identification, virion proteomics, testing vaccine preparations, and strain surveillance are represented. Possibilities of structural characterization of viral proteins and their posttranslational modifications are shown. The authors’ studies by MALDI-MS on S-acylation of glycoproteins from various families of enveloped viruses and on oligomerization of the influenza virus hemagglutinin transmembrane domains are summarized. 相似文献
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Baculovirus display strategies: Emerging tools for eukaryotic libraries and gene delivery. 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Christian Oker-Blom Kari J Airenne Reingard Grabherr 《Briefings in Functional Genomics and Prot》2003,2(3):244-253
Recombinant baculoviruses have been extensively used as vectors for abundant expression of a large variety of foreign proteins in insect cell cultures. The appeal of the system lies essentially in easy cloning techniques and virus propagation combined with the eukaryotic post-translational modification machinery of the insect cell. Recently, a novel molecular biology tool was established by the development of baculovirus surface display, using different strategies for presentation of foreign peptides and proteins on the surface of budded virions. This eukaryotic display system enables presentation of large complex proteins on the surface of baculovirus particles and has thereby become a versatile system in molecular biology. Surface display strategies play an important role, as they may be used to enhance the efficiency and specificity of viral binding and entry to mammalian cells. In addition, baculovirus surface display vectors have been engineered to contain mammalian promoter elements designed for gene delivery both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, baculovirus capsid display has recently been developed; this holds promise for intracellular targeting of the viral capsid and subsequent cytosolic delivery of desired protein moieties. Finally, the viruses can accommodate large insertions of foreign DNA and replicate only in insect cells. Together, these are attributes that are very likely to make them important tools in functional genomics and proteomics. 相似文献
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昆虫杆状病毒作为高效的表达载体,现已广泛地用于各种外源基因的表达.但是,用传统的方法构建重组杆状病毒,存在着重组率低,纯化难及耗时长等缺点,围绕如何快速、简便、高效地构建重组杆状病毒,近几年来人们进行了一些重大的改进,包括使病毒DNA线状化以提高重组病毒的比例;在体外进行重组;同源重组和重组病毒的纯化与筛选在酵母和大肠杆菌中一次完成;使重组病毒可以形成多角体等,从而从根本上改变了传统方法中的不足;文章着重介绍了这几种新的改进方法. 相似文献
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杆状病毒在昆虫中的持续感染 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
杆状病毒(Baculovirus)是一类特异性感染节肢动物的环状双链DNA病毒,是野外控制害虫种群的重要生物因子,并已被开发为一种生物杀虫剂加以应用。杆状病毒感染昆虫宿主并不一定导致昆虫死亡,其持续感染(persistentinfection)在昆虫种群中普遍存在,且在某些刺激条件下,持续感染可被激活为增殖性感染并引发病毒流行病爆发。因此,杆状病毒持续感染对昆虫种群动力学以及病毒流行病学的研究具有重要意义。 相似文献
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Becnel JJ 《Journal of invertebrate pathology》2006,92(3):141-145
The two major groups of pathogenic viruses in mosquitoes are the occluded viruses, represented by baculoviruses and cypoviruses, and the non-occluded viruses, represented by the densoviruses and the iridoviruses. Baculoviruses, densoviruses, and iridoviruses are DNA viruses, while cypoviruses are the major group of RNA viruses reported from mosquitoes. Research on mosquito pathogenic viruses has been limited, in part, due to the inability to effectively transmit them to the larval mosquito host. Recently, there have been tremendous advancements in the ability to transmit mosquito baculoviruses and cypoviruses with the finding that transmission is mediated by divalent cations. Oral transmission of both baculoviruses and cypoviruses to mosquito larvae is enhanced by magnesium and inhibited by calcium ions. The current status of transmission for each of the major groups is reviewed with emphasis on the common role of divalent cations in transmission of the distantly related baculoviruses and cypoviruses. 相似文献
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Baculoviruses as Vectors in Mammalian Cells 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
The Baculoviridae are a large family of enveloped DNA viruses exclusively pathogenic to arthropods. Baculoviruses have been extensively used in insect cell-based recombinant protein expression system and as biological pesticides. They have been deomostrated to be safe to mammals, birds and fish. Recently, baculoviruses has been shown to transduce different mammalian cells in spite of the fact that they cannot replicate in mammalian cells (11, 73, 76). This has resulted in the development of baculoviruses as mammalian expression systems and even as vestors for gene therapy. 相似文献
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The global analysis of proteins is now feasible due to improvements in techniques such as two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE), mass spectrometry, yeast two-hybrid systems and the development of bioinformatics applications. The experiments form the basis of proteomics, and present significant challenges in data analysis, storage and querying. We argue that a standard format for proteome data is required to enable the storage, exchange and subsequent re-analysis of large datasets. We describe the criteria that must be met for the development of a standard for proteomics. We have developed a model to represent data from 2-DE experiments, including difference gel electrophoresis along with image analysis and statistical analysis across multiple gels. This part of proteomics analysis is not represented in current proposals for proteomics standards. We are working with the Proteomics Standards Initiative to develop a model encompassing biological sample origin, experimental protocols, a number of separation techniques and mass spectrometry. The standard format will facilitate the development of central repositories of data, enabling results to be verified or re-analysed, and the correlation of results produced by different research groups using a variety of laboratory techniques. 相似文献
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Richard C.Moore 《Virologica Sinica》2007,22(2):137-147
Ascoviruses, iridoviruses, asfarviruses and poxviruses are all cytoplasmic DNA viruses. The evolutionary origins of cytoplasmic DNA viruses have never been fully addressed. Morphological, genetic and molecular data were used to test if all four cytoplasmic virus families (Ascoviridae, Iridoviridae, Asfarviridae, and Poxvirirdae) evolved from nuclear replicating baculoviruses and how the four virus groups are related. Molecular phylogenetic analyses using DNA polymerase predicted that cytoplasmic DNA viruses might have evolved from nuclear replicating baculoviruses, and that poxviruses and asfarviruses share a common ancestor with iridoviruses. These three cytoplasmic viruses again shared a common ancestor with ascoviruses. Morphological and genetic data predicted the same evolutionary trend as molecular data predicted. A genome sequence comparison showed that ascoviruses have more baculovirus protein homologues than do iridoviruses, which suggested that ascoviruses have evolved from baculoviruses and iridoviruses evolved from ascoviruses. Poxviruses showed genetic and morphological similarity to other cytoplamic viruses, such as ascoviruses, suggesting it has undergone reticulate evolution via hybridization, recombination and lateral gene transfer with other viruses. Within the ascovirus family, we tested if molecular phylogenetic analyses agree with biological inference; that is, ascovirus had an evolutionary trend of increasing genome size, expanding host range and widening tissue tropism for these viruses. Both molecular and biological data predicted this evolutionary trend. The phylogenetic relationship among the four species of ascovirus was predicted to be that TnAV-2 and HvAV-3 shared a common ancestor with SfAV-1 and the three virus species again shared a common ancestor with DpAV-4. 相似文献
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The recent improvements in mass spectrometry instruments and new analytical methods are increasing the intersection between proteomics and big data science. In addition, bioinformatics analysis is becoming increasingly complex and convoluted, involving multiple algorithms and tools. A wide variety of methods and software tools have been developed for computational proteomics and metabolomics during recent years, and this trend is likely to continue. However, most of the computational proteomics and metabolomics tools are designed as single‐tiered software application where the analytics tasks cannot be distributed, limiting the scalability and reproducibility of the data analysis. In this paper the key steps of metabolomics and proteomics data processing, including the main tools and software used to perform the data analysis, are summarized. The combination of software containers with workflows environments for large‐scale metabolomics and proteomics analysis is discussed. Finally, a new approach for reproducible and large‐scale data analysis based on BioContainers and two of the most popular workflow environments, Galaxy and Nextflow, is introduced to the proteomics and metabolomics communities. 相似文献
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Ascoviruses, iridoviruses, asfarviruses and poxviruses are all cytoplasmic DNA viruses. The evolutionary origins of cytoplasmic
DNA viruses have never been fully addressed. Morphological, genetic and molecular data were used to test if all four cytoplasmic
virus families (Ascoviridae, Iridoviridae, Asfarviridae, and Poxvirirdae) evolved from nuclear replicating baculoviruses and how the four virus groups are related. Molecular phylogenetic analyses
using DNA polymerase predicted that cytoplasmic DNA viruses might have evolved from nuclear replicating baculoviruses, and
that poxviruses and asfarviruses share a common ancestor with iridoviruses. These three cytoplasmic viruses again shared a
common ancestor with ascoviruses. Morphological and genetic data predicted the same evolutionary trend as molecular data predicted.
A genome sequence comparison showed that ascoviruses have more baculovirus protein homologues than do iridoviruses, which
suggested that ascoviruses have evolved from baculoviruses and iridoviruses evolved from ascoviruses. Poxviruses showed genetic
and morphological similarity to other cytoplamic viruses, such as ascoviruses, suggesting it has undergone reticulate evolution
via hybridization, recombination and lateral gene transfer with other viruses. Within the ascovirus family, we tested if molecular
phylogenetic analyses agree with biological inference; that is, ascovirus had an evolutionary trend of increasing genome size,
expanding host range and widening tissue tropism for these viruses. Both molecular and biological data predicted this evolutionary
trend. The phylogenetic relationship among the four species of ascovirus was predicted to be that TnAV-2 and HvAV-3 shared
a common ancestor with SfAV-1 and the three virus species again shared a common ancestor with DpAV-4.
相似文献
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在后基因组时代,蛋白质组学成为新的研究热点。蛋白质组学的研究目标是为复杂蛋白质样品建立一个高通量、大规模、自动化的分离分析技术平台,从而实现准确、快速地筛选功能蛋白质。蛋白质的分离分析在蛋白组学研究中起着非常重要的作用。本文主要综述在蛋白质组学研究中二维凝胶电泳、毛细管电泳及其与质谱联用、多维液相分离技术及其与质谱联用和蛋白质芯片等高效分离分析技术的应用研究进展。 相似文献
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L.S. England S.B. Holmes J.T. Trevors 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》1998,14(2):163-169
With growing environmental concerns over the use of chemical pesticides for insect control in both agriculture and forestry, increased emphasis is being placed on the development of alternative, biological pesticides such as genetically modified baculoviruses. Before the large-scale use of genetically modified viruses (GMV) can be realized, fate of GMV and their DNA in soil should be investigated. There are a number of factors that have the potential to affect persistence of both wild-type and genetically modified viruses and their DNA in soil. In this mini-review, the persistence of viral particles and DNA in soil is examined with particular emphasis on baculoviruses. 相似文献
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England L.S. Holmes S.B. Trevors J.T. 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》1997,14(2):163-169
With growing environmental concerns over the use of chemical pesticides for insect control in both agriculture and forestry, increased emphasis is being placed on the development of alternative, biological pesticides such as genetically modified baculoviruses. Before the large-scale use of genetically modified viruses (GMV) can be realized, fate of GMV and their DNA in soil should be investigated. There are a number of factors that have the potential to affect persistence of both wild-type and genetically modified viruses and their DNA in soil. In this mini-review, the persistence of viral particles and DNA in soil is examined with particular emphasis on baculoviruses. 相似文献
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The deciphering of the relationship between function and exact chemical composition of a defined protein species in the context
of the proteome is one of the major challenges in proteomics and molecular cell physiology. In the Special Issue of Amino
Acids about the analysis of protein species current approaches are reviewed and new methods described focusing on the investigation
of protein species. On the basis of the articles in this Special Issue it can be summarized that first important and promising
steps towards the comprehensive analysis of protein species have been done. It is already possible to obtain full (100%) sequence
coverage of proteins by mass spectrometry, if the amount of proteins available for their analysis allows their proteolytic
degradation by more than one protease and the subsequent mass spectrometric analysis of the resulting peptides. Employing
affinity chromatography helps to analyse proteins with defined post-translational modifications thus opening a targeted view
on e.g. the phosphoproteome. In the future the aim to identify the exact chemical composition including not one but every
posttranslational modification and complete sequence coverage on the protein species level should be achievable with further
progress in sample preparation techniques, especially concerning separation techniques on the protein level, mass spectrometry
and algorithms for mass spectrometric data processing. For determining the function of defined protein species a closer cooperation
between cell biologists and proteomics experts is desirable. 相似文献