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1.
To assay for transplacental immunization in rhesus monkeys, sera from 253 postpartum females, 31 virgin females, and 40 males were tested for erythrocyte agglutinins. Nineteen percent of the mothers exhibited antibodies, but less than three percent of the virgin females or males did so. Antibodies were detected in 26 percent of the mothers who bore blood group-incompatible infants, in contrast to only eight percent of the mothers with compatible offspring. Thus, blood group incompatibility may lead to transplacental alloimmunization of the rhesus female. Unlike the situation in humans, hemolytic disease was not observed, even when the erythrocytes of the newborn rhesus were coated with maternal antibodies. 相似文献
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It was not possible to demonstrate Xga on the erythrocytes of any of 140 rhesus monkeys of both sexes tested with human antiserum rendered specific for Xga by absorption. 相似文献
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It was not possible to demonstrate Xga on the erythrocytes of any of 140 rhesus monkeys of both sexes tested with human antiserum rendered specific for Xga by absorption. 相似文献
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R. S. Treichel 《Genetica》1987,73(1-2):69-79
The discovery of the Rh blood group factor in humans was made using the red blood cells of rhesus monkeys. Because of its importance to human medicine and immunogenetics, this finding contributed greatly to the appreciation of the importance of nonhuman primates in research. It is now widely recognized that blood group incompatibility between mother and fetus can lead to differential fertility, fetal death, and hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN).The blood group systems of several nonhuman primate species have been studied in detail and found to be analogous, although not identical, to those of humans. It is therefore surprising that HDN has been reported in only four nonhuman primate species-marmosets, sacred baboons, chimpanzees, and orangutans. Maternal-fetal blood group incompatibility and its consequences have been extensively studied in rhesus monkeys, and these macaques may well be representative of many nonhuman primates. Rhesus monkeys exhibit all five of the conditions that lead to HDN in humans: (1) blood group incompatible matings: (2) transplacental hemorrhage: (3) maternal immunization to blood group alloantigens on fetal erythrocytes: (4) transplacental transfer of maternal antibodies; and (5) coating of the newborn's erythrocytes. Yet, newborns show no clinical or hematological evidence of HDN.We have shown that the rhesus alloantibodies engendered by transplacental immunization do not mediate immune elimination of the newborn's erythrocytes. Evaluation of the maternal antibodies demonstrated that they have low titers and low avidities and perhaps belong to IgG subclasses that do not bind effectively to receptors on phagocytic cells of the rhesus reticuloendothelial system. The newborn's genotype may also affect the expression of allogeneic blood group antigens and thereby help protect the newborn's cells from destruction. These factors together undoubtedly play a major role in the survival of the antibody-coated newborn's RBC and are thus able to account for the absence of HDN in this species. 相似文献
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Use of rhesus monkeys in teratological studies 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
J G Wilson 《Federation proceedings》1971,30(1):104-109
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A new reagent called G-3' has been discovered which detects the product of the G 3 allele, regardless of the other G allele in the genotype. With this new reagent we can delineate nine of 10 genotypes of the G blood group system. The explicit detection of G 3 revealed an example of the founder principle in that the frequency of this allele between the feral and laboratory-reared monkeys was significantly different. 相似文献
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A new reagent called G-3' has been discovered which detects the product of the G3 allele, regardless of the other G allele in the genotype. With this new reagent we can delineate nine of 10 genotypes of the G blood group system. The explicit detection of G3 revealed an example of the founder principle in that the frequency of this allele between the feral and laboratory-reared monkeys was significantly different. 相似文献
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Couchman JJ 《Biology letters》2012,8(1):39-41
Rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) have shown the ability to monitor their own mental states, but fail the mirror self-recognition test. In humans, the sense of self-agency is closely related to self-awareness, and results from monitoring the relationship between intentional, sensorimotor and perceptual information. Humans and rhesus monkeys were trained to move a computer icon with a joystick while a distractor icon partially matched their movements. Both humans and monkeys were able to monitor and identify the icon they were controlling, suggesting they have some understanding of self-agency. 相似文献
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Generation of chimeric rhesus monkeys 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Totipotent cells in early embryos are progenitors of all stem cells and are capable of developing into a whole organism, including extraembryonic tissues such as placenta. Pluripotent cells in the inner cell mass (ICM) are the descendants of totipotent cells and can differentiate into any cell type of a body except extraembryonic tissues. The ability to contribute to chimeric animals upon reintroduction into host embryos is the key feature of murine totipotent and pluripotent cells. Here, we demonstrate that rhesus monkey embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and isolated ICMs fail to incorporate into host embryos and develop into chimeras. However, chimeric offspring were produced following aggregation of totipotent cells of the four-cell embryos. These results provide insights into the species-specific nature of primate embryos and suggest that a chimera assay using pluripotent cells may not be feasible. 相似文献
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Prednisolone-induced mucormycosis in rhesus monkeys 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
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Aqueous humour of rhesus monkey eye contains lower concentration of glucose and excess of sodium and chloride irons in comparison to constituents of serum of the same animals. 相似文献
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Margaret L. Walker 《American journal of primatology》1995,35(1):59-71
Fifteen female rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatto), ranging in age from 8 to 34 years, were studied for one year to characterize the endocrine and menstrual changes associated with menopause in this species. Five monkeys were premenopausal; these younger monkeys, ages 8–11 years, menstruated and showed cyclic ovarian activity during the 12–month study period, as evidenced by menses and periodic elevations of serum estradiol (E2) and luteinizing hormone (LH) concentrations. Four females, ages 24–26 years, were in transition to menopause. Two of these perimenopausal females menstruated and secreted E2 and LH in a periodic fashion; the other two females showed elevated LH concentrations, consistently low E2 levels, and no evidence of menstruation. Six females, ages 27–34 years, were clearly postmenopausal; LH concentrations were high, whereas E2 concentrations were uniformly low. There was a significant inverse correlation between basal E2 concentrations and age, and a significant positive correlation between age and LH concentrations across all 15 animals. Hormonal changes indicative of ovulation, when they occurred, were generally restricted to the winter and early spring months. Histological analysis of ovaries from four postmenopausal females revealed little or no evidence of active folliculogenesis. These data indicate that menopause in female rhesus monkeys does not occur until the second half of thethird decade of life. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc. 相似文献
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Using behaviourally-defined adjectives, observers rated individuals in a colony of rhesus monkeys on a seven-point scale. Principal component analysis of the ratings produced three main components: CI and CII were stable over three years, and CIII arose from the introduction of new items in the third year. Component I can be described as ranging fromConfident toFearful; and adult males scored higher on it than did adult females or one- to five-year olds. Component II ranged fromActive toSlow; and adult males scored higher on it than did adult females. Component III ranged fromSociable toSolitary; and adult males scored less on it than did adult females or one- to five-year olds. In addition, there was a positive correlation between scores of mothers and their one year olds on CI and CIII. 相似文献
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The variations of blood groups in the two subspecies of wild pigs in Japan ( Sus scrofa leucomystax and S.s. riukiuarus ) were investigated by serological techniques. S.s. leucomystax showed polymorphism in the A and F systems. S.s. riukiuanus showed a little polymorphism in the F system only. As a whole, there was a great similarity in erythrocyte antigen structures of both S.s. leucomystax and S.s. riukiuanus. In comparison with the erythrocyte antigen frequenties of wild pigs in the Eurasian Continent reported by other workers, East-West geographical clines in the frequencies of Ee, Fa, Ga, Ka, Kb and Lh antigens were clearly observed. From the results of investigation on genetic similarities among seven wild pig populations, it was made clear that the two Japanese strains were very close and were closer to Far Eastern (S.s. ussuricus) than Middle Asian (S.s. nigripes) , Transcausian (S.s. attila) and European pigs ( S.s. ferus ). 相似文献
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A J Riopelle 《American journal of physical anthropology》1990,83(2):239-252
We studied the growth of 97 rhesus monkeys (M. mulatta) that from birth until 120 days of age were fed a diet containing 13.4%, 6.7%, 3.35% protein or a commercial simulated human-milk formula (SMA) affording 9% protein. After 120 days, all animals were fed SMA. Females fed the diet lowest in protein, but not the other diets, were moderately affected, gaining less weight than their well-fed counterparts did, but they recovered their deficit during the repletion period, so that at 240 days no group differences remained. Males fed the two lowest-protein diets were severely and profoundly affected, in keeping with the depth of their protein deficiency. Moreover, unlike the females, they recovered none of their weight deficit during the repletion period. Food intake during deprivation was lower in the animals eating the low-protein diets. During SMA repletion, intakes followed no simple rule, but they did not converge. Except for the males fed the 3.35% protein diet, relative food intake (ml formula/kg body weight) did not differ substantially between diets or sexes at any time during the deprivation and diminished as the animals got older. Those males' relative intakes did not decline. During repletion, the SMA females ate the most in proportion to weight and the 13.4% group the least. The lowest-protein males, in contrast, ate the most in proportion to their weight during both deprivation and repletion. Males fed the lowest-protein diet gained little for what they ate; those fed the highest-protein diet gained much. Females were more efficient than males were when eating the low-protein diet and less efficient when eating the high-protein diet. When fed SMA during repletion, males' food efficiencies (grams gained/liter of diet) were nearly equal; females still differed: the SMA group was the least efficient and the low-protein group most efficient. Its counterpart, protein efficiency, was greatest (during deprivation) for females eating the low-protein diet and least (among females) for those eating the high-protein diet. Males were least protein efficient if eating the low-protein diet. Evidently, a 4 month bout of protein deprivation had prolonged effects on the amount of food the animals needed to produce a given gain in weight. 相似文献
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