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1.
David R. Towns 《Biological invasions》2009,11(7):1719-1733
Eradications of kiore or Pacific rats (Rattus exulans) from islands around New Zealand have been followed by responses from resident species of coastal plants, invertebrates,
reptiles and seabirds. These responses are compared with an invasion by ship rats (Rattus rattus), which devastated populations of invertebrates, birds and bats. Post-eradication responses only approximate the effects
of invasions because recovery is limited to the residual pool of native species. Greater effects of kiore are indicated by
adding incompatible species confined to rat-free locations. The extended list includes at least 15 species of invertebrates,
two species of frogs, tuatara (Sphenodon punctatus), 11 species of lizards and 9 species of seabirds. The analyses indicate direct and indirect effects of kiore similar to
those reported after ship rat invasions. This is despite indications from the literature that kiore are the least damaging
of the three commensal rat species. 相似文献
2.
Oxidative stress and physiological,epigenetic and genetic variability in plant tissue culture: implications for micropropagators and genetic engineers 总被引:16,自引:0,他引:16
A number of well defined problems in physiological, epigenetic and genetic quality are associated with the culture of plant
cell, tissue and organs in vitro, namely, absence or loss of organogenic potential (recalcitrance), hyperhydricity (`vitrification') and somaclonal variation.
These broad terms are used to describe complex phenomena that are known to be genotype and environment dependent. These phenomena
affect the practical application of plant tissue culture in plant propagation and in plant genetic manipulation. Here it is
hypothesised much of the variability expressed in microplants may be the consequence of, or related to, oxidative stress damage
caused to the plant tissues during explant preparation, and in culture, due to media and environmental factors. The characteristics
of these phenomena are described and causes discussed in terms of the known effects of oxidative stress on eukaryote genomes.
Parameters to characterise the phenomena are described and methods to remediate the causes proposed.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献