Trypanosoma humboldti n. sp. from the Chilean Catshark,Schroederichthys chilensis (Guichenot, 1848)1

The morphology of Trypanosoma humboldti n. sp. is described from living and stained specimens obtained from the blood of a catshark, Schroederichthys chilensis. This represents the first report of a trypanosome in fish from the eastern Pacific Ocean. It is distinguished by its size and apparent lack of pleomorphism. The presence of a leech, Branchellion ravenellii, attached to the catshark, raises the possibility that it can act as a vector. Additionally, this leech is recorded for the first time from the Pacific Ocean.     

Lernaeopoda tenuis n. sp. andPseudolernaeopoda caudocapta n. g., n. sp. (Copepoda,Lernaeopodidae) parasitic onTriakis maculata (Kner & Steindachner) from the Chilean coast,South Pacific

Summary One new genus and two new species of the Lernaeopodidae (Copepoda: Siphonostomatoida), parasitic onTriakis maculata off the coast of Chile, are described and illustrated. The new genus,Pseudolernaeopoda, parasitizes the cloaca of its host. Its type-species,P. caudocapta, can be distinguished fromLernaeopoda by the absence of modified uropods. A new species ofLernaeopoda, L. tenuis, was found on the gills of the same host. In absence of the male, the generic affinities of this species must be considered only tentative. ac]19850409     

Diarthrodella chilensis sp.n. und Rossopsyllus kerguelenensis quellonensis subsp.n. (Copepoda, Paramesochridae) von Chile

During a collecting trip to Chile, two species of Paramesochridae belonging to the genera Diarthrodella and Rossopsyllus were found. The new species D. chilensis is widely distributed on the coasts of central Chile. Up to now, the new subspecies R. kerguelenensis quellonensis is only known from Quellón, Island of Chiloé. The nominate subspecies R. kerguelenensis kerguelenensis Soyer, 1974 was described from the Kerguelen Archipelago.     

Two newCandida species:Candida chilensis sp.n. andCandida valdiviana sp.n.

Two new nitrate-assimilating yeasts isolated from decomposed wood ofNothofagus sp. are described. The namesCandida chilensis andCandida valdiviana are proposed.A table is given of the assimilation and fermentation reactions of the currently acceptedCandida species that use nitrate as the sole source of nitrogen.Candida koshuensis was not validly described so the nameCandida boidinii must be accepted for this species.The work done at the Universidad Austral de Chile had financial support of the Comisión Nacional de Investigatión Científica y Technológica (Proyecto No. 151).     

Ogmogaster heptalineatus n.sp. (Trematoda: Notocotylidae) from the Chilean sea lion Otaria flavescens

Summary Ogmogaster heptalineatus n.sp. is described from the Chilean sea lion Otaria flavescens. Distinct characteristics of the species are: presence of 7 longitudinal ridges on the ventral surface, cirrus armed with scales, testes and ovary deeply lobed and eggs circular with short polar filaments. This is the first report of the genus Ogmogaster from South America and the first report of Otaria flavescens as a host for this genus. ac]19820320     

On two members of the family Lernaeopodidae (Crustacea: Copepoda) parasitic on elasmobranchs in Chilean waters,with a description of Pseudocharopinoides myliobatidos n. g., n. sp. from Myliobatis chilensis Philippi

Pseudocharopinoides myliobatidos n. g., n. sp. (Lernaepodidae) is described. Although similar to Pseudocharopinus Kabata, 1964, it differs from this genus in the ventral position of its posterior processes and by its non prehensile second antenna. The similarity indicates that it belongs to the Charopinus-branch of the Lernaeopodidae. In addition, Brianella corniger Wilson, 1915 is recorded on Sympterigia brevicaudata and is redescribed. ac]19861103     

Pseudascarophis genypteri n. sp. (Nematoda: Cystidicolidae) parasite from the red ling Genypterus chilensis off Chile.

A new nematode belonging to the Cystidicolidae is described, Pseudascarophis genypteri n. sp. was found in the intestine of the red ling Genypterus chilensis, sampled off Talcahuano, Chile. It is distinguished from Ascarophis species mainly by the absence of cephalic papillae and of submedial and medial labia. The other species in the genus, Pseudascarophis kyphosi Ko, Margolis, and Machida, 1985, found in Kyphosus cinerascens, and P. tropica (Solov'eva, 1996), found in Parupeneus chrysopleuron, differed principally from P. genypteri in the form of pseudolabia, number of pre- and postanal papillae, and length of spicules.     

Trypanosoma pifanoi n. sp. from Colombian Bats*

SYNOPSIS. A new large trypanosome was found in the blood of 19 Artibeus lituratus and 2 Phyllostomus hastatus bats. The monomorphic trypanosome resembles Trypanosoma megadermae in some respects, but differs from it in that it is larger and has a short flagellum, both extremities are very tapered, the kinetoplast is very close to a small nucleus and there is a greater distance between the kinetoplast and the posterior extremity of the body. In diphasic blood-agar cultures there is a great variety of odd multiplication forms not described from other trypanosome cultures, but some simulate T. cruzi. This trypanosome is not capable of infecting mice, tissue culture cells, Carollia perspicillata bats, or triatomids, but is able to infect A. lituratus bats. Culture forms of the trypanosome inoculated intra-coelomically are pathogenic for several species of triatomids, and multiply in the hemolymph of Rhodnius prolizus, often producing forms similar to crithidiae of T. rangeli. Culture forms of the trypanosome seem to have common antigens with T. cruzi. This new species is described as Trypanosoma pifanoi.     

Trypanosoma (Megatrypanum) megachiropterorum sp. n. from the Flying Fox, Pteropus tonganus Quoy & Gaimard

SYNOPSIS. Trypanosoma (Megatrypanum) megachiropterorum sp. n. from the flying fox, Pteropus tonganus Quoy & Gaimard, from the Kingdom of Tonga, is described. The trypomastigotes measure 32 ± 1.74 (here and below S.D.) (27–37.5) × 3.6 ± 0.23 (3–4.5) μm and has a flagellum averaging in length 6.4 ± 0.92 (4.5–10) μm. Their nuclear index is 1.2 ± 0.16 (0.7–1.6) and their kinetoplastic index equals 6.2 ± 0.32 (5.5–7.1). This is the first report of a member of the subgenus Megatrypanum from bats outside the American and African continents and also the first record of a trypanosome from bats in the Pacific area.     

Trypanosoma kansasensis sp. n. from Neotoma floridana in Kansas

Trypanosoma kansasensis sp. n. (Sarcomastigophora: Kinetoplastida) is described from three of 23 (13%) eastern woodrats (Neotoma floridana) collected from Pottawatomie County, Kansas (USA). All flagellates found in the blood of woodrats were trypomastigotes and are larger than T. neotomae in overall dimensions, especially flagellar length and the distance between the posterior end of the organism and kinetoplast. Liver infusion-tryptose (LIT) cultures of infected whole blood resulted in the transformation of some parasites into epimastigotes; however, there was no apparent increase in parasite numbers.     

Diet of the Chilean sandperch, Pinguipes chilensis (Perciformes, Pinguipedidae) in southern Chile

A study of the Pinguipes chilensis Valenciennes 1833 diet was carried out on 414 specimens captured on the Talcahuano, Chile coastline (36°41′S; 73°06′E) between October 1998 and March 2000. P. chilensis, endemic to the southeast Pacific (from Tumbes, Peru to Magallanes, Chile), is confirmed as a general predator over a wide trophic spectrum including 61 taxa. Crustaceans (mostly mysids, but also a wide variety of decapods) made up the principal dietary component, followed by fish and annelids. Prey belonging to Mollusca, Ophiuroidea, Echinoidea, Rhynchocoela, Sipunculida, Echiura and Urochordata were also present. There were no significant differences between male and female diets, although they shared only 32 prey. A significant dietary difference was found, however, between analysed size groups: specimens under 30 cm total length (TL) preyed mainly on the amphipod, Ampelisca araucana; those over 30 cm TL preyed on the mysid, Neomysis sp.; and those over 40 cm TL on fish, annelids, molluscs and echinoderms. Seasonal differences, due in large part to the dynamics of the prey species, were also found to be significant. Crustaceans were the predominant prey throughout the study with the exception of autumn, when fish were the most common prey.     

Lecane segersi n.sp. (Rotifera, Lecanidae) from Thailand

Lecane segersi n.sp. collected from a swamp in Udornthani province, northeastern part of Thailand, is described and figured. It is closely related to the common, warm-stenotherm Lecane papuana (Murray), but distinguished by the presence of inwardly directed antero-lateral spines.     

Chaetopterygopsis siveci sp.n. from Greece (Trichoptera,Limnephilidae)

Chaetopterygopsis siveci from near the Katara pass, Greece, is described and illustrated.     

Parvicapsula bicornis n. sp. and P. limandae n. sp. (Myxozoa, Parvicapsulidae) in Pleuronectidae (Teleostei, Heterosomata) from Denmark

Two species of Parvicapsula were found in the kidney tubules and the urinary bladder of 2 pleuronectid fish from the northern Oresund, Denmark. The coelozoic, spherical, disporic trophozoites of both species are 10 to 12 pm in diameter. The myxospores of both species are elongate, asymmetrical and slightly curved, and have spherical polar capsules. Parvicapsula bicornis n. sp. (6-8 x 5-6 microm, polar capsule 2.5 microm in diameter) occurs in Pleuronectes platessa. The polar capsules of P. bicornis are arranged symmetrically on either side of the longitudinal axis and its spores differ from other species of Parvicapsula in having two 2-3 microm long posterior processes of different length. Parvicapsula limandae n. sp. (8-11 x 4-5 pm, polar capsule 1.6 microm in diameter) is found in Limanda limanda. The polar capsules are arranged along the longitudinal axis. It differs from Parvicapsula unicornis Kabata, 1962, recorded from L. limanda, in the arrangement of the polar capsules and in the absence of a posterior horn-like projection. The phylogenetic relationship between P. bicornis n. sp., P. limandae n. sp. and other Parvicapsula spp. was examined with their partial small subunit rDNA (SSU rDNA) sequences. P. limandae n. sp. and P. asymmetrica appear to be closely related, while P. bicornis n. sp. and P. minibicornis are the most divergent members of the genus.