组织型纤溶酶原激活剂(t-PA)突变体工程细胞株生物学特性分析

t-PA突变体工程细胞株FSGGI48形态与其亲代细胞CHO-dhfr相似呈多角形,类似上皮细胞。在MTX加压至5×10~(-6)mol/L时,少数细胞形态略变瘦长,但仍呈多角形,因此该工程细胞株形态正常。抗体中和抑制试验及纤维蛋白板80℃加热试验显示,FSGGI48细胞表达产物与st-PA的活性均能被抗t-PA抗体所抑制,而胰酶的活性则不被抑制,且二者在80℃加热的纤维蛋白板上均不产生溶解圈,胰酶则产生溶解圈,由此可知,该细胞株表达产物为特异的rt-PA产品。细胞无血清培养上清经FA-PA检测,亚克隆株表达水平为4000IU/10~6细胞/24h。分别测定冻存3个月后复苏和体外传代3个月以上细胞的表达水平,结果显示部分亚克隆细胞株表达水平下降,多数仍为3000-4000IU/10~6细胞/24h,说明细胞株稳定性好。裸鼠试验表明,该工程株活细胞、细胞DNA、纯化的细胞表达产物均无致瘤性。支原体检查结果为阴性。染色体分析显示,FSGGI48细胞与其亲代细胞(CHO-dhfr细胞)染色体数目相同均为20条,但均有不同程度不同类型的畸变。CHO-dhfr细胞畸变率为6%。该工程细胞的畸变率为15%-18%,在允许范围内。结果证明,t-PA突变体细胞株FSGGI48为性能优良的工程细胞株。     

人组织型纤溶酶原激活剂(t-PA)突变体在CHO细胞中的高效表达

构建了二氢叶酸还原酶(dhfr)选择基因启动子上游无增强子(cnhancer)的组织型纤溶酶原激活剂(t-PA)组合突变体FrGGI真核表达质粒pZLFrGGI。将pZLFrGGI酶切线性化,采用大剂量DNA电击介导法,转染dhfr基因缺陷型中国仓鼠卵巢细胞系(CHO-dhfr~-)。用氨甲喋呤(MTX)筛选转染细胞。混合加压后,挑选克隆,在1×10~(-7)mol/L MTX压力下,得到了表达水平达1500～2500IU/10~6细胞·24小时的细胞株。此细胞株表达水平稳定,形态良好,倍增时间为36小时,且有进一步提高表达水平的潜能,有望发展为工程细胞株。     

人红细胞生成素(EPO)工程细胞建立及特性分析

构建了EPO真核表达质粒,成功地实现了其在CHOdhfr-细胞中的表达,所得到的EPO工程细胞株的形态与CHOdhfr-细胞相似,细胞株小瓶静止培养时最高表达水平为2～3μg/106cells/24h,而且细胞表达稳定,连续传代三个月和反复冻存复苏三次,细胞表达水平无明显下降。经过对细胞的一系列特性分析表明,该细胞株无支原体、真菌及细菌污染,无致瘤性,形态正常,染色体畸变率与出发株相当。     

重组人红细胞生成素二聚体不同真核表达载体的构建及表达

为构建重组人红细胞生成素(recombinant human erythropoietin,rhEPO)二聚体真核表达载体,应用PCR方法扩增EPO cDNA,PCR产物克隆入T载体后,经酶切、连接、转化等过程分别构建了3个EPO二聚体的真核表达载体pBT-1c、pBT-2s及pBT-3c,经测序序列完全正确。然后将3个真核表达载体分别转染于CCS-7细胞及CHO-dhfr-细胞中,用ELISA方法检测,它们在COS-7的瞬时表达量分别为4IU／ml、11.5IU／ml和7.2IU／ml。其中EPO二聚体真核表达载体pBTsv稳定转染CHO-dhfr-细胞后,用氨甲喋呤(MTX)逐渐加压的方法筛选到阳性克隆,表达量可达到4000IU／106cells／72h。     

抗鸡白细胞介素4单克隆抗体的制备及鉴定

为了制备鸡白细胞介素4(chIL-4)单克隆抗体,将成熟的chIL-4基因亚克隆至原核表达载体pET-28a和pGEX-6P-1上,然后在大肠杆菌中分别诱导重组蛋白His-chIL-4和GST-chIL-4的表达,并纯化。将纯化后的His-chIL-4作为免疫原免疫BALB/c小鼠,经4次免疫后,取小鼠脾细胞与骨髓瘤细胞(SP2/0)融合。将纯化后的GST-chIL-4作为筛选抗原,利用间接ELISA筛选阳性克隆。阳性细胞株经3次亚克隆后,获得3株稳定分泌抗chIL-4蛋白的杂交瘤细胞株,分别命名为1G11-3B、2E5-3D和1G11-5H。经ELISA检测,3株单克隆抗体的亚型均为IgG1,亲和力解离常数(Kd)分别为1.79×10~(–9)、1.61×10~(–9)和2.36×10~(–9)。经Western blotting及间接免疫荧光试验鉴定,3株单克隆抗体均能特异性识别原核和真核表达的chIL-4蛋白。Western blotting试验证明1G11-3B、2E5-3D和1G11-5H识别的抗原表位区域分别为chIL-4蛋白N端的第1–40、80–112和40–80位氨基酸。该单克隆抗体的制备为chIL-4的检测和生物学功能研究奠定了基础。     

人红细胞生成素工程细胞株的特性鉴定

目的：为了对人红细胞生成素工程细胞株(F10—6)进行特性鉴定。方法：将人红细胞生成素基因构建的重组表达质粒pCDB与标志质粒pSV—dhfr共转染CHO-dhfr^-细胞中,经氨甲喋呤加压筛选和亚克隆挑选,获得高效稳定表达EPO的工程细胞株并对其进行鉴定。结果：实验结果表明,工程细胞株无细菌、支原体、真菌和病毒污染;并无致瘤性;染色体数目不变;连续传代50次和三次冻存复苏后,细胞表达稳定。结论：该工程细胞株可用于工业化生产。     

t-PA cDNA在CHO细胞中的高效稳定表达

我们曾报道t-PA mRNA非翻译区序列对其表达有明显的抑制作用,在此基础上,通过对5′-UTR及3′-UTR的改造,使t-PA在COS-7细胞中的表达水平提高30倍左右。将t-PA表达质粒用电击法转染中国仓鼠卵巢细胞二氢叶酸还原酶缺陷株(CHO-dhfr),经过混合加压及筛选,在CHO细胞中高效表达了t-PA,表达水平达到5000～6000 IU/10~6细胞/24hr。重组t-PA具有与天然t-PA相同的分子量及酶活性。经过8个月连续传代,表达水平未下降,表明细胞株是稳定的,其主要指标均符合工程细胞株的要求。     

tPA突变体在哺乳动物细胞中的表达

利用携带有二氢叶酸还原酶(dhfr)基因的pCI载体,实现tPA突变体(FrGGI)在CHO-dhfr^-细胞中的高效表达,获得高表达细胞株。采用分子克隆常规技术,将去除3’端非蛋白编码区的tPA突变体cDNA与pCI载体连接,构建真核表达载体pCI—tPA;采用阳离子脂质体转染法转染CHO-dhfr^-胞。经酶切及测序鉴定,证明所构建的质粒正确,转染CHO—dhfr细胞后,经过MTX加压筛选,得到了10株表达水平较高的细胞株,其活性可达每106细胞4000U／24h。以上结果为进行tPA突变体工程细胞株的筛选奠定了基础。     

人组织型纤溶酶原激活剂表达调控及高效表达的研究——Ⅱ.t-PA cDNA在CHO细胞中的高效稳定表达

曾报道t-PA mRNA非翻译区序列对其表达有明显的抑制作用,在此基础上,通过对5′-UTR及3′-UTR的改造,使t-PA在COS-7细胞中的表达水平提高30倍左右。将t-PA表达质粒用电击法转染中国仓鼠卵巢细胞二氢叶酸还原酶缺陷株(CHO-dhfr^- ),经过混合加压及筛选,在CHO细胞中高效表达了t-PA,表达水平达到5000～6000IU/10~6细胞·d^-1.重组t-PA具有与天然t-PA相同的分子量及酶活性。经过8个月连续传代,表达水平未下降,表明细胞株是稳定的,其主要指标均符合工程细胞株的要求。     

多孔微球固定化CHO工程细胞生产rt-PA的研究

以Cytopore多孔微球固定产重组组织型纤溶酶原激活剂(rtPA)CHO工程细胞株4B3,在2L搅拌式生物反应器用无血清培养基DF5S连续灌流培养。4B3细胞的最大活细胞密度和rtPA生产水平分别达到8.83×10⁶/mL和12473 IU/mL。含rtPA的4B3细胞培养上清经MPG吸附层析和Lysine-sepharose 4B亲和层析两步纯化,rt-PA的纯度达到98%。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.