扶正化瘀组分复方抑制血管新生的抗肝纤维化作用机制

目的：本研究旨在探讨扶正化瘀组分复方的抗肝纤维化作用及其作用机制。方法：采用DMN诱导小鼠肝纤维化模型,以扶正化瘀方为阳性对照。以天狼猩红染色和羟脯氨酸含量评估肝纤维化程度;肝脏微血管成像和CD31标记微血管密度评价肝脏血管新生;western blot法检测肝组织VEGF-R2表达;通过计数转基因斑马鱼功能性节间血管数和碱性磷酸酶活性验证药物对血管的影响。结果：扶正化瘀组分复方可显著改善纤维化小鼠血清肝功能（P＜0．01）：减少肝组织胶原沉积（P＜0．01）;减少肝脏微血管数量（P＜0．01）;下调VEGFR2蛋白表达（P＜0．01）;抑制斑马鱼碱性磷酸酶活性。结论：扶正化瘀组分复方具有抑制DMN诱导小鼠肝纤维化模型肝组织纤维化的作用,其作用机制可能与抑制血管新生有关。     

丹红注射液中5种主要活性成分促血管新生作用研究

目的:研究丹红注射液(DHI)入血后5个主要成分的促血管新生活性。方法:采用人脐静脉内皮细胞(HUVEC)正常培养体系和鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜(CAM)模型评价。细胞和鸡胚分别随机分为正常对照组,DHI组、羟基红花黄色素A组、丹酚酸B组、丹参素组,原儿茶醛组和迷迭香酸组。MTT法检测HUVEC增殖情况,免疫印迹法测定HUVEC促血管新生相关因子的表达,显微镜下计数鸡胚CAM给药区域新生血管数。结果:与正常对照组比较,10%(V/V)DHI及相应浓度的各单体均能显著增加HUVEC的增殖(P0.01),并促进HUVEC中促血管新生因子VEGF-A,b FGF,HGF的表达(P0.05,P0.01);而50%(V/V)DHI及相应浓度的各单体均能不同程度地增加鸡胚CAM给药区域新生血管数;两个筛选模型中,羟基红花黄色素A和丹参素均呈现一定的作用优势。结论:DHI入血后的5个主要活性成分都有促血管新生作用,其中羟基红花黄色素A和丹参素活性更佳。     

南蛇藤活性成分Nimbidiol抑制血管新生作用研究

采用化学分离、HPLC纯化等方法,从卫矛科植物南蛇藤中分离提取到一个生物活性成分,通过1H NMR和13C NMR方法鉴定为Nimbidiol。采用模式生物斑马鱼及大鼠动脉环实验,观察Nimbidiol对血管新生的影响。将12.5、25、50μmol/L终浓度的Nimbidiol与斑马鱼胚胎和大鼠动脉环共同培养,给药结束后,显微镜下拍照记录斑马鱼节间血管发育状态和动脉环周围新生血管发育情况。实验结果发现,Nimbidiol在12.5~50μmol/L剂量范围内,能够减少斑马鱼节间血管的数量,且呈剂量依赖关系(F=24.773,P0.05),同时能够减少动脉环血管内皮细胞增殖,抑制新生血管的形成。综上所述,Nimbidiol具有明显的抑制血管新生活性。     

云南昭通年青褐煤黄腐酸钠对血管新生作用的影响

研究云南昭通地区年青褐煤黄腐酸钠对体内外血管新生作用的影响。将不同浓度的黄腐酸钠作用于人脐静脉内皮细胞(human umbilical vein endothelial cells,HUVECs)体外模型和鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜(chick chorioallantoic membrane,CAM)体内模型,采用MTT和划痕法检测其对HUVECs增殖和迁移的影响,以ELISA试剂盒测定细胞上清液血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)的表达,采集CAM图片用Image-Pro Plus6.0软件考察给药区域血管新生的情况。结果显示,与对照组比较,云南昭通年青褐煤黄腐酸钠在100、200、400μg/m L的浓度下对HUVECs的增殖有抑制作用(P0.05,P0.01),在100、200μg/m L浓度时对迁移有抑制作用并能下调血管内皮生长因子VEGF的表达(P0.01),在高浓度800、1200μg/m L下能抑制CAM血管的新生(P0.05)。研究结果表明,云南昭通地区年青褐煤黄腐酸钠具有良好的血管新生抑制作用,其机制可能与生长因子VEGF表达的下调有关。     

前列腺癌nm23H1mRNA、TGF-β1mRNA表达及其与肿瘤转移、生存率的相关性研究

应用原位杂交法检测42例前列腺癌组织nm23H1mRNA、TGF-β1mRNA表达,并以CD31抗体为标记,经EnVision~(TM)免疫组织化学及Leica-Qwin计算机图像分析,用Weidner最高血管密度计数法,计数阳性MVD,研究前列腺癌组织nm23H1mRNA、TGF-β1mRNA和CD31的表达与前列腺癌中的新生血管的生成、肿瘤血道转移和调查患者术后的生存率关系。前列腺癌nm23H1mRNA阳性表达66．67%(28例),nm23H1mRNA阳性表达与前列腺癌骨转移、TNM分期、MVD呈负相关(P＜0．05)：TGF-β1mRNA阳性表达78．75%(33例),其与前列腺癌骨转移、TNM分期、MVD呈正相关(P＜0．05),与癌周组织的nm23H1mRNA和TGF-β1mRNA阳性表达比较,具有显著性差异(P＜0．01或P＜0．05)。前列腺癌组织的MVD(78．51±10．29/mm~2)显著高于癌周组织(34．19±9．27/mm~2),两者比较具有显著性差异(P＜0．05)。在根治术后5年内死亡的42．86%(18例)患者中MVD(92．41±15．42/ mm~2),高于5年内生存的患者(62．79±13．58/mm~2),两组间有显著性差异(P＜0．05);在不同的肿瘤病理学分级中,nm23H1mRNA在前列腺癌未、低分化型中阳性表达率高,高、中分化型中阳性表达率低,两组间有显著性差异(P＜0．05)。当nm23H1mRNA阳性表达率高时,肿瘤骨转移率低,生存率高,故认为nm23H1基因具有抑制前列腺癌发生和转移作用。当TGF-β1mRNA阳性表达率高时,肿瘤骨转移率高,生存率低。故认为TGF-β1基因具有促进前列腺癌发生和转移作用。前列腺癌组织中的MVD与肿瘤骨转移密切相关,前列腺癌组织MVD的显著增高,提示肿瘤组织有新血管的生成。TGF-β1促进了肿瘤诱导的血管新生,在前列腺癌的骨转移中起重要作用。     

丹参多酚酸盐对斑马鱼胚胎血管新生的影响及分子机制初步研究

目的:研究丹参多酚酸盐对斑马鱼发育过程中血管新生的影响,并初步探讨其机制。方法:取血管内皮具有绿色荧光蛋白标记的转基因斑马鱼卵后,胚胎分别给0.5%二甲基亚砜(DMSO,对照组)、丹参多酚酸盐(1mg/ml,实验组)处理24h,观察斑马鱼血管发育的变化并记录节间血管长度。定量RT-PCR检测前述药物处理后4、12和24h的斑马鱼胚胎中血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)的表达变化。结果:与对照组相比,使用丹参多酚酸盐药物处理后明显促进斑马鱼节间血管发育,其长度差别具有统计学意义([79.67±2.96)umvs(61.11±2.56)um,n=10,P<0.01)]。实验组较对照组VEGFmRNA表达量升高,在药物作用12h和24h时差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:丹参多酚酸盐可促进斑马鱼血管新生,可能与通过上调VEGF的表达有关。     

肺炎衣原体抗原研究进展

本文综述了肺炎衣原体抗原研究进展.肺炎衣原体抗原可分为3类属特异性抗原,包括脂多糖(LPS)、热休克蛋白(hsp)和主要外膜蛋白(MOMP);种特异性抗原,包括98×103、76×103、53×103、46×103蛋白和43×103蛋白以及型特异性抗原.     

建立斑马鱼激光祛斑模型探索色素再生的机制

病理性色素沉着通常在创伤、手术、日照等条件下发生,临床首选方法为激光治疗,虽疗效显著但存在色斑复发,具体机制尚不清楚。本研究首次选用成年斑马鱼建立激光祛斑动物模型,结果发现:激光祛斑后斑马鱼皮肤重新出现色斑,其灰度值、面积及分布与照射激光的能量密度和脉冲时间等参数显著相关;色斑面积缩减在照射后第1、2天最显著,复发在第5天最高;高能量组在祛斑效应上总体不如低能量组,且后者色斑复发也不显著;色斑复发部位巨噬细胞迁移抑制因子(macrophage migration inhibitory factor,MIF)表达上调且与色斑复发程度成正相关。MIF对血管新生具有较强的促进作用,故色斑复发可能与MIF上调引起的血管新生有关。以上研究结果提示,祛斑效果皮秒激光(picosecond laser,下文简称Ps激光)显著优于纳秒激光(nanosecond laser,下文简称Ns激光),低能量激光结合MIF表达调控可能有助于抑制祛斑后的血管新生,从而降低色斑复发,对激光祛斑的临床应用有直接的理论指导价值。     

重组人白介素-10抑制晚期糖基化终产物诱导的大鼠血管平滑肌细胞和血管新生内膜的增殖

研究观察了重组人白介素10(rhIL-l0)对晚期糖基化终产物(AGE)刺激下离体大鼠胸主动脉血管平滑肌细胞增殖及对SD大鼠血管损伤后新生内膜增殖的影响。体外培养大鼠主动脉血管平滑肌细胞,采用MTS／PES法确定血管平滑肌细胞的增殖状态;应用流式细胞术测定细胞周期;利用p44／42磷酸化抗MAPK抗体的蛋白免疫印迹法测定p44／42 MAPK磷酸化蛋白表达。利用大鼠颈动脉血管损伤模型,观察rhIL—10对新生内膜增殖的影响。结果显示：(1)AGE处理组与对照组相比,AGE对血管平滑肌细胞增殖具有明显的刺激作用(P＜0．05)。rhIL-l0单独应用对血管平滑肌细胞生长没有影响(P＞0．05)。在AGE刺激下,低至100ng／ml的rhIL-l0可抑制血管平滑肌细胞的生长(P＜0．05)。(2)流式细胞术测定的结果显示,rhIL—10可以使AGE作用下的VSMC大部分处于Go／G1期,与对照组相比有明显差异(P＜0．01)。(3)AGE对p44／p42 MAPK磷酸化蛋白表达有显著的增强作用,此作用可被rhIL—10抑制(P＜0．001)。(4)大鼠颈动脉损伤后,rhIL—10治疗组的动脉血管新生内膜/中层面积比低于对照组约45％(P＜0．01)。表明抗炎细胞因子rhIL—10可抑制AGE诱导的大鼠血管平滑肌细胞增殖和血管新生内膜的增殖。     

一种新型蚯蚓纤溶酶的部分性质研究

为获得一种高效的溶栓药物。从赤子爱胜蚓(Eiseniafoelida)中分离纯化得到了一种纤溶酶组分。用Lowry法测定蛋白质浓度,SDSPAGE鉴定纯度为98%,表观相对分子质量(Mr)为14850,纤维蛋白平板法测定其总纤溶活性为65.51×103mm2/mg,直接纤溶活性为15.61×103mm2/mg,间接纤溶活性为26.34×103mm2/mg。水解BAEE的米氏常数(Km)为1.82×105mol/L。水解ChromozymPL的米氏常数(Km)3.98×105mol/L,水解ChromozymtPA的米氏常数(Km)5.55×105mol/L活性,N端氨基酸序列测定的结果为VIGGTNAIPGEFPYQ。结果表明该纤溶酶分子量较小,间接活性较高,适宜作为一种新型的溶栓药物。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.