昆虫学相关电子期刊资源简介

随着文献信息资源的数字化发展 ,网络文献信息以其多方面的优势正渐渐成为教学、科研所依赖的重要资源 ,了解和掌握与学科专业相关的电子资源分布状况是非常重要的。本文着重简述与昆虫学相关的国内外电子期刊资源。     

The Development of Nematology on a World Basis

Nematology on a world basis has experienced phenomenal growth during the last 25 years. Major influences responsible for this growth are discussed. Education of nematologists has been most evident in only a few developed nations. Some developing countries are now beginning to train nationals as nematologists. Research programs in developed countries are more intensive than in developing nations, largely because of available resources and priorities given to solving nematological problems. Developed nations have been able to take advantage of technological advances almost immediately, whereas in developing nations the lack of resources and constraints imposed by certain social or political conditions has made this difficult. Indications are that emphasis in training nematologists in developed countries may have reached a plateau, while in developing nations provisions for training and research are on the increase.     

SCI收录的微生物科学期刊信息

以SCI期刊引用报告JCR最新网络版(2006年)为依据,对其收录的88种微生物科学期刊进行了统计分析.结果显示:这88种期刊由美、英、荷兰、德和日本等16个国家用3种语言出版,且主要语言是英语;年均载文量165篇,平均被引频次5226.64次;影响因子、即时指标和被引半衰期的平均值分别为3.154、0.45和5.84年.最后根据影响因子的大小,列出影响因子超过2.0的55种核心期刊相关信息.     

SCI收录的微生物科学期刊信息

以SCI期刊引用报告JCR最新网络版 (2006年) 为依据, 对其收录的88种微生物科学期刊进行了统计分析。结果显示：这88种期刊由美、英、荷兰、德和日本等16个国家用3种语言出版, 且主要语言是英语; 年均载文量165篇, 平均被引频次5226.64次; 影响因子、即时指标和被引半衰期的平均值分别为3.154、0.45和5.84年。最后根据影响因子的大小, 列出影响因子超过2.0的55种核心期刊相关信息。     

Indexation of psychiatric journals from low‐ and middle‐income countries: a survey and a case study

There is a marked underepresentation of low- and middle-income countries (LAMIC) in the psychiatric literature, which may reflect an overall low representation of LAMIC publications in databases of indexed journals. This paper investigates the worldwide distribution of indexed psychiatric journals. A survey in both Medline and ISI Web of Science was performed in order to identify journals in the field of psychiatry according to their country of origin. Two hundred and twenty-two indexed psychiatric journals were found. Of these, 213 originated from high-income countries and only nine (4.1%) from middle-income countries. None were found in low-income countries. We also present the experience of a LAMIC psychiatric journal, the Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria, in its recent indexation process. This case study may serve as an example for other LAMIC journals to pursue indexation in major databases as a strategy to widen the international foundation of psychiatric research. There is an important need for the inclusion of LAMIC psychiatric publications in the major indexation databases. This process will require multiple agents to partner with journals from LAMIC to improve their quality and strengthen their chances of being indexed.     

中文科技期刊英文摘要的常见错误与规范化一以生物医学论文英文摘要为例

科技期刊的荚文摘要质量直接决定能否被国际权威检索系统收录以及期刊的学术影响力。然而在查阅本年度中文科技核心期刊上发表的生物医学论文英文摘要的过程中,发现了6类典型错误。通过引用近两年来发表在国外英文科技期刊上的生物医学论文摘要为例,从文体特征和典型表达方式两方面说明中文科技期刊英文摘要的规范化问题。     

The more things changed,the more they stayed the same: Trends in conservation focus 2010–2019

The conservation literature provides an important resource for conservation practice and reflects key areas of current research interest, but not necessarily those of highest priority, in the field of conservation science. In one of the most comprehensive studies of its kind, this paper evaluates 4388 articles from three leading conservation journals with different impact factors (Biological Conservation, Conservation Letters, and Oryx) for the period 2010–2019. The analysis shows that previously identified trends still hold true in many instances, including a continuing taxonomic bias towards vertebrates and particularly in favour of mammals. Geographical biases also persist, favouring Europe and North America with respect to where research is undertaken, who writes about it, and how it is funded, although publication of research conducted in Africa is increasing. It is difficult to evaluate changes in author gender outside the decade studied as this topic has not been widely considered in previous studies, but parity in authorship has not yet been achieved in any of the journals examined. To overcome the biases identified, researchers, editors, and funding organisations collectively still need to do more to redirect conservation efforts where they are most urgently needed and encourage more women and more researchers from lower income countries to participate in research by helping to remove the barriers that currently limit them.     

晚清报刊所载真菌类专篇汇录

晚清时期传入中国的西方真菌学知识对于近代中国真菌学的建立和发展具有启蒙作用.在全面分析其影响之前,有必要先对相关文献进行全面的整理,而这些文献中大部分都分布于多种晚清报刊.经过整理和统计,本文共辑得89份真菌类专篇文章,其中大型真菌类44篇、霉菌类27篇、酵母菌类18篇,分布于26种报刊.这些文章中注明是译作的只有28篇,但其余的文章中涉及西方真菌科学知识的实际上都属于介译性质.这些真菌学知识部分是通过日文图书或期刊文献间接引入,部分是直接译自西方的科学文献.     

The evolution of British Biology: Presidential Address to the Linnean Society delivered at the Anniversary Meeting, 24 May 1983

British biology is multiply divided between 115 national societies and 900 local ones, as well as divisions between amateurs and professionals, pure and applied, universities and research institutes. It is in fact composed of four strands, three of them (natural history, scientific biology and preservation/conservation) having arisen independently, and all having given rise to the fourth (international) strand. Natural history declined at the end of the nineteenth century with the growth of professional biology, government funding, and new techniques imported from abroad; it has recovered spectacularly since the 1939–45 war. Scientific biology grew mainly from continental science, and came of age as a professional discipline around 1900. Concern for conservation has risen as human pressures on the environment have increased.
The question asked is whether this serendipitous structure is the most efficient one, in a time when the conditions which gave rise to much of it have changed: personal motivation, the role of scientific meetings, ease of travel, accessibility of libraries, sources of funding, etc. The trends have always been to split, and virtually all attempts at co-ordination have failed. This process leads to long-term inefficiency, and for scientific, political and personal advantage, the future will almost inevitably require some foci for biologists beyond narrow subject societies. The Linnean Society is peculiarly fitted to become an active focus, perhaps catalysing an amalgamation or federal sybiosis along the lines of the Royal Society of Chemistry.     

学术双交流有利于我国真菌学迈向科技创新之巅

本文回顾了我国现代真菌学的奠基和发展壮大历程及其奠基人戴芳澜之功绩.简述了《Mycosystema》在改革开放与中国科学院面向全国、面向世界、面向未来的国内国际学术双交流中的积极贡献.分析了国际学术单交流的国内科技评价体系有碍迈向世界科技创新强国之弊.积极建议创办有利于国内国际学术双交流的菌物学中英文双语刊物,以促进我...     

The History of Neurochemistry as Revealed by the Journal of Neurochemistry

Abstract: Analyses of samples of articles in the Journal of Neurochemistry between 1956 (the year of its foundation) and 1990 were used to obtain numerical indices of the history of neurochemistry. Data suggest that the acceleration of neurochemical research did not merely reflect the increase of biochemical research in general and that it involved progressive decreases and increases of interest in major constituents and transmitters, respectively, as indicated by both numbers and citations of papers. Papers on all classes of transmitters increased steadily and in the order of amines > amino acids, acetylcholine > peptides. Within the field of brain metabolism, papers on energy metabolism decreased markedly. Use of techniques other than those of biochemistry/neurochemistry altered strikingly with decreases of histological, electrophysiological, and pharmacological methods and increases of chemical, immunological, and tissue culture methods. Citations by neuroscience core journals between 1975 and 1988 suggest that the relative prominence of neurochemistry within neuroscience has remained constant. Analyses indicate that the influence of the U.S.A. relative to that of other regions has remained fairly steady between 1956 and 1990, but that number of papers from the U.K. has declined, whereas the influences of Western Europe and other areas appear to have recently increased substantially. Sociological changes have been the virtual disappearance of single-author papers, an increase of multiauthorship (>3), and a recent striking increase of assertive sentence titles.     

What do mammalogists want to save? Ten years of mammalian conservation biology

Recent upsurge of interest in biological diversity requests that resources for conservation be allocated to taxonomic groups and geographic areas of greater priority, independent of the attractiveness of individual species. The aim of this paper is to assess if contributed papers on four of the most important international conservation journals in the last ten years reflect our increasing concern for threatened mammals. Our results show that some orders receive disproportionally more attention than predicted by their absolute number and percentage of threatened species. The Nearctic and Palearctic Regions are far more studied than other like, for instance, the Oriental Region, which are badly neglected considering their higher rates of endangered and endemic mammals. Furthermore, it was found that among many orders most of the species covered in contributed papers are not presently considered threatened by IUCN. Our work highlights the need of assessing conservation priorities at least at continental level and of devoting more resources to research in tropical countries.     

乡村生态景观生物多样性研究热点和趋势——基于文献计量研究

乡村生态景观生物多样性是全球生物多样性的重要组成部分,是乡村景观构建、评价和乡村宜居发展的重要保障。以Web of Science中1990-2020年522篇相关文献为研究对象,运用文献计量工具CiteSpace绘制文献共被引和关键词共现网络知识图谱,重点考察转折点、高突现及高被引文献,理清乡村生态景观生物多样性研究的发展脉络、热点与趋势。研究发现:(1)乡村生态景观生物多样性研究的发展可分3阶段,即萌芽期(1993-2002年),该期为乡村生态景观生物多样性研究指引了方向,提出了城市化对乡村生物多样性的影响;蓄势期(2003-2010年),该期以Hansen在2005年发表的探究生物多样性对景观变化的响应机制文章为节点,重点研究如何可持续地进行乡村生态景观生物多样性的恢复与保护;发展期(2011-2020年),突现性文献为2014年Beilin发表的文章,研究重点转向社会生态系统,即从生态、经济和社会多维度出发研究乡村生态景观生物多样性;(2)乡村生态景观生物多样性研究主线变化从大量的案例研究,到城市化对乡村生态景观生物多样性影响的理论归纳,再到将理论用于实践并持续保护乡村生态景观生物多样性;(3)乡村生态景观生物多样性研究热点变化从城市化对乡村生态景观生物多样性的影响,到乡村可持续发展,再到保证人类可持续生计。未来应加强以下工作:(1)研究和建立适用于不同乡村生态景观建设的规划体系;(2)研究和创新乡村生态景观生态系统多样性的维护技术;(3)研究和构建乡村生态景观生物多样性的监控预警机制。最终的研究目标均指向如何将乡村生态景观生物多样性更好地服务于人类社会。     

Publish and Perish?

The publishing of research has implications for the evaluation of research careers, research departments, and funding for research projects. Researchers' academic evaluation relies heavily on the status of the journals in which they publish. The inclusion of one's work in the Science Citation Index (SCI) and the Social Science Citation Index (SSCI) is often used as an indicator of academic quality. This is unfortunate for many environmental researchers, as their journals are not represented in the SCI and SSCI. Two investigations were carried out to determine the reasons for this. The first investigation identified 352 existing environmental academic journals, classified into seven categories (and several subcategories). Of these, two categories were not represented in the SCI or SSCI: environmental systems analysis journals and corporate environmental management journals. The second survey investigated the publishing patterns of interdisciplinary research groups and the characteristics of the journals in which they publish. In spite of acceptable citation levels, interdisciplinary environmental journals are excluded from the SCI and SSCI. A major reason seems to be that citations of their articles are uncounted by the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI), the organization producing the SCI and SSCI, because citations mostly take place in a group of journals completely unrepresented in ISI's database.