THE POSSIBLE RELATIONSHIP OF OCCUPATIONAL STRESS TO CLINICAL CORONARY HEART DISEASE

Perhaps because of difficulties inherent in quantitation and evaluation, the possible influence of differences in personality factors and of socio-economic stresses has largely been ignored in epidemiological studies of coronary artery disease. This relationship is explored and it is shown that the major factors contributing to the development of coronary disease, including intimal damage, elevated plasma lipid content, altered hemodynamics and accelerated blood clotting, are each affected by certain types of such stresses. On the basis of the considerable clinical and experimental evidence cited, it is suggested that the increasing occupational stress unique to industrialized society plays a dominant role in the high incidence of clinical coronary heart disease.     

THE RELATIONSHIP OF THE REFERRING PHYSICIAN TO THE PSYCHIATRIST

The relationship of the referring physician to the psychiatrist is believed to be of a different order than that of most physicians to one another. Certain facts are postulated as playing a role in this somewhat difficult relationship and examples from actual practice are offered as evidence. Among possible points of discord are mentioned: The length and cost of psychotherapy and relative youth of the specialty, the referring physician''s hostile feelings toward it, and the unhelpful attitude of certain psychiatrists.     

THE RELATIONSHIP OF THE REFERRING PHYSICIAN TO THE PSYCHIATRIST

Tumors of the adrenal glands produce hormones which cause a variety of symptoms and signs including high blood pressure, excessive growth of hair on the body and precocious sexual development. By recently developed tests, it has been possible to differentiate high blood pressure due to these tumors from hypertension due to other causes. Removal of these tumors will often alleviate changes caused by them. Localization of the tumor and appraisal of the condition of the contralateral gland should be carried out preoperatively if possible. In this, several kinds of roentgen studies are helpful. Infusions of drugs during operation can be used to control the blood pressure which otherwise would vary widely. During a ten-year period (1942 to 1951) there were observed at the Los Angeles County General Hospital 100 proved cases of non-secreting and secreting primary neoplasms of the adrenal glands. In addition, there were three cases of Cushing's syndrome due to bilateral adrenal cortical hyperplasia, and ten probable cases (four, pheochromocytomas; five, Cushing's syndrome; one, adrenogenital syndrome) in which operation was not done.     

THE SUSCEPTIBILITY OF THE PLANT CELL TO VIRUS DISEASE

A number of spraying experiments showed that the virus cannot enter a plant unless some of the cells are injured. It is not essential that such injury should be brought about in the presence of the virus. The chances of infection fall off rapidly in the first few minutes after injury, but infection occurs occasionally as long as half an hour after the cell is damaged.
Inoculations by micropipette into single cells of the host plant yielded only about one-tenth of the expected number of infections. This suggests differences in the susceptibility of the cells to virus attack.     

乌桕种子油脂含量与其水平地带性的关系

乌桕Sapium sebiferum (L.)Roxb.在现有栽培区域内,幼龄树的种仁含油率和种子含油率的高低与水平地带性变化差异不大。而种子含蜡率和种子含油脂率.则随纬度降低而极显著增高。     

THE RELATIONSHIP OF M-INOSITOL TO MORPHOLOGY IN NEUROSPORA CRASSA

Shatkin , A. J., and E. L. Tatum . (The Rockefeller Institute, New York 21, New York.) The relationship of m-inositol to morphology in Neurospora crassa. Amer. Jour. Bot. 48(9): 760–771. Illus. 1961.—The role of m-inositol and its relationship to morphology in Neurospora crassa have been examined. The growth pattern of the inositolless mutant has been found to be a function of concentration of carbon and nitrogen sources and m-inositol, utilizability of carbon source, ratio of concentrations of sugar to m-inositol, and size of conidial inoculum. Inhibition of mycelial m-inositol uptake has been demonstrated for a number of carbon sources, and the ability of a particular compound to inhibit m-inositol uptake found to be directly related to both its effectiveness as an energy source and its effect on the morphology of the inositol-requirer. Results of cell-fractionation experiments and autoradiography have shown that phospholipid inositol is widely distributed in the hyphae and not bound in a single subcellular organelle. Electron micrographs of cell fractions indicate that inositol is a structural constituent of N. crassa lipoprotein membranes, including plasmalemma, nuclear envelope, mitchondrial membranes, and endoplasmic reticulum. Normal inositol-requiring and wild-type hyphae are similar in ultrastructure. However, sub-optimally cultured, colonial, inositolless hyphae contain large lipid droplets, and the cellular membranes are in various stages of degeneration. Chemical evidence indicates that colonial hyphae do not synthesize more fat than normal hyphae, suggesting that the lipid droplets are products of membrane catabolism. It is proposed that the colonial morphology of the inositol-requiring mutant of N. crassa is due to a metabolic imbalance between membrane synthesis and the synthesis of other cellular constituents.