Grupos de riesgo citogenético de leucemia mieloide aguda pediátrica a partir del análisis de supervivencia en un hospital de referencia para cáncer en Perú

Introduction:

Acute myeloid leukemia is a heterogeneous disorder characterized by immature myeloid cell proliferation. Cytogenetic analysis has revealed the presence of chromosomal aberrations important to patient prognosis.

Objective:

To determine cytogenetic risk groups of pediatric patients with acute myeloid leukemia according to overall survival.

Materials and methods:

In this cross-sectional observational study, the clinical records of pediatric patients diagnosed with de novo acute myeloid leukemia admitted to the Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas between 2001 and 2011 with cytogenetic analysis of bone marrow were included. Cytogenetic risk groups were established according to the criteria of the Medical Research Council. Overall survival curves were generated with the Kaplan-Meier method and compared using the Mantel-Cox test and Cox regression with the software R, version 3.3.2.

Results:

A total of 130 patients were included, 68 males (52.3%) and 62 females (47.7%), most of them with subtype M2 (33%). The average age was 7.7 years (range: 0-15 years).Chromosomal aberrations were observed in 60.8% of the patients, the most frequent of which was the translocation t(8;21). According to the overall survival analysis, two cytogenetic risk groups were established: favorable and unfavorable.

Conclusion:

Two groups of cytogenetic risk were determined: high (or unfavorable) and standard (favorable).     

Étude du phytoseiideCydnodromus chilenensis en vue de son utilisation contreTetranychus urticae en culture protégée de fraisier

Résumé La comparaison de deux espèces de PhytoseiidesP. persimilis etC. chilenensis sur le terrain et en laboratoire, montre qu'elles sont très semblables mais différent principalement pour leur résistance au je?ne et leur fécondité. Des lachers des deux espèces conjointement, ou deP. persimilis seul lorsqueC. chilenensis est présent, peuvent permettre d'utiliser le premier plut?t pour son effet de choc et le deuxième plut?t pour son effet de régulation.

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Summary The comparison between two species of predatory mites,Phytoseilus persimilis andC. chilenensis in the fields as well as in the laboratory shows that they differ from each other primarily in voracity. ReleasesP. persimilis, C. chilenensis being present, afford a good combination between the drastic effect of the former and the regulating one of the latter.

     

Complicaciones hospitalarias en una unidad geriátrica de agudos

Introduction:

In-hospital complications frequently occur in hospitalized people over 65 worsening their clinical outcomes. There are, however, few studies on the factors associated with in-hospital complications in elderly patient care.

Objective:

To evaluate factors associated with in-hospital complications in a geriatric acute care unit in Bogotá, Colombia

Materials and methods:

We conducted an analytical, observational, retrospective study in a cohort of 1,657 patients over 65 years of age who received care in the geriatric unit of a high complexity hospital in Bogotá, Colombia. The dependent variable was in-hospital complications and the independent variables, the degree of functional dependence on admission, dementia, nutritional status, social support, comorbidity, and polypharmacy. We used Poisson’s linear regression model to identify associated variables.

Results:

The bivariate analysis showed that functional dependence (PR=2.092, p≤0.001) and malnutrition (PR=2.850, p≤0.001) were associated with a higher rate of hospital-acquired infection. In the multivariate analysis, functional dependence (PR=1.931, p=0.003) and malnutrition (PR=2.502, p=0.002) remained independent factors for in-hospital complications.

Conclusion:

In acute care centers, integral assessment at admission to identify functional dependence and malnutrition predicts in-hospital complications.     

Prise en charge des troubles de la reproduction de la femme blessée médullaire

The overall outcomes of pregnancies and deliveries in spinal cord injured women are generally favorable. However, several antepartum complications may occur, the most frequent being urinary tract infection. There is also a risk of pressure sores and thrombophlebitis. Autonomic hyperreflexia is a serious problem and a potential danger to spinal cord injured women with neurological levels above T6, particularly during the third trimester and during labor. Autonomic hyperreflexia is generally prevented by continuous epidural anesthesia. Concerning the mode of delivery, most patients are able to deliver vaginally, but forceps are sometimes necessary. Cesarean section must only be performed for obstetric reasons and in cases of intractable autonomic hyperreflexia.