超声心动图对缺血性二尖瓣反流血流动力学的研究

目的:应用超声心动图研究缺血性二尖瓣反流(IMR)所致左室、二尖瓣环动力学变化。方法:超声心动图检测86例缺血性二尖瓣反流患者(前壁心肌梗死49例,下壁心肌梗死37例)和30例正常人的心脏,测量左室参数及二尖瓣环形态参数。结果:IMR组左室EDV、ESV增加,LVEF减低,但与对照组无显著差异;二尖瓣环面积及位移与对照组有显著差异;不同部位心肌梗死均发生明显左室重构;下壁梗死组PPM-AMP明显延长。结论:超声心动图作为心肌梗死患者的常规检查,可以针对不同患者进行不同的参数检查,这也为临床医生选择个性化治疗方案和疗效评价提供了依据。     

超声心动图测量二尖瓣环位移评价左室舒张功能

本文用超声心动图测量正常人和高血压病患者二尖瓣环位移,探讨该方法评价左室舒张功能价值。结果表明：高血压病组舒张期二尖瓣环位移最大幅度低于正常组,左房收缩引起二尖瓣环位移及Ａｔ／Ｔ比值均高于正常组,两组Ａｔ／Ｔ与Ａ／Ｅ之间均存在良好线性关系,Ａｔ／Ｔ诊断左室舒张功能异常的敏感性和特异性分别是９３％和８６％。     

预防经皮球囊二尖瓣成形术后二尖瓣反流的进一步研究

目的:对342例经皮球囊二尖辫成形术(Percutaneous Balloon Mitral Valvuloplasty,PBMV)资料进行回顾性分析,进一步探讨PBMV的适应证及总结二尖瓣反流并发症的预防.方法:我院2000年1月至2009年12月行PBMV的二尖瓣狭窄患者342例中,男性69例(20.18%),女性273例(79.82%).年龄18-63岁,平均(35.20±11.47岁).收集术前、术后超声心动图和临床评估资料进行回顾性分析.结果:wilkins评分为9-11分与评分≤8分的相比、常规扩张法与逐渐扩张法组相比、完美组与可接受组相比发生二尖辩关闭不全比率均明显增加,均有统计学意义.结论:二尖瓣反流是PBMV中主要的并发症,严格掌握适应证和仔细的术中操作,可以减少并发症的发生率.     

蜜环菌菌索形成及分支过程中钙离子流的非损伤微测

为研究蜜环菌Armillaria mellea菌索形成及分支与钙离子的关系,以菌株Armillaria mellea 541为试验材料,采用离子非损伤微测技术,对在马铃薯琼脂糖培养基(PDA)、含0.2 g/L CaCl2的PDA和NADPH氧化酶抑制剂200 μmol/L氯化二亚苯基碘鎓(Diphenyleneiod...     

埃索美拉唑与奥美拉唑治疗老年反流性食管炎的临床疗效及其经济学评价

目的:对比分析埃索美拉唑与奥美拉唑在治疗老年反流性食管炎(RE)的临床疗效及其经济学价值。方法:采用随机数字表法将我院2013年2月至2014年8月消化科门诊治疗的84例老年RE患者分成埃索美拉唑组与奥美拉唑组,每组患者42例。两组患者分别给予埃索美拉唑与奥美拉唑治疗,对比分析两组治疗第4、8周的临床症状和食管炎病变,对治疗方案进行成本(C)-效果(E)分析。结果:两组治疗第8周的临床有效率、食管炎愈合率和总有效率均显著高于第4周(P0.05);其中埃索美拉唑组第4周和第8周的临床有效率均显著高于奥美拉唑组(P0.05);埃索美拉唑组治疗第8周的食管炎愈合率和食管炎总有效率均显著高于奥美拉唑组(P0.05);埃索美拉唑组4周、8周治疗的C/E值均低于奥美拉唑组。结论:埃索美拉唑在治疗老年RE的临床疗效上优于奥美拉唑,且C/E较低,临床上具有较高的经济学价值。     

快速检测NDM-1基因的环介导恒温扩增技术的建立与评价

基于DNA环介导恒温扩增技术 (Loop-mediated isothermal amplification,LAMP),探索建立一种应用于NDM-1基因 (New Metallo-β-Lactamase-1 Gene,NDM-1) 的快速检测方法,以适应临床实验室等的检测需求。利用LAMP技术,以NDM-1基因为靶序列,设计4组LAMP引物,并筛选最优引物组,建立LAMP反应体系与条件,进行灵敏度和特异性实验。结果表明整个检测过程仅需1 h,即可通过肉眼直接目测实验结果。在灵敏度试验中,NDM-1基因的最低检测限为6 拷贝/反应。在特异性实验中,以4株病原菌 (肺炎克雷伯氏菌、大肠埃希氏菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、肺炎链球菌) 以及肠道菌群元基因组DNA、土壤菌群元基因组DNA为模板对NDM-1基因进行检测,结果显示均没有发生非特异性扩增反应。文中建立的LAMP检测方法能够快速检测NDM-1基因,且可直接观察到实验结果,实现了检测结果的可视化。具有操作简单安全、检测灵敏度高、特异性高的特点,能够满足基层实验室、应急检测或现场监测等方面的使用需求,具有良好的应用价值。     

基于环介导恒温扩增技术的大肠杆菌O157:H7快速检测试剂盒的评价

【目的】评价基于环介导恒温扩增技术(LAMP)的大肠杆菌O157:H7(Escherichia coli O157:H7)快速检测试剂盒的实效性。【方法】测定快速检测试剂盒的特异性、灵敏度、重复性、保质期以及运输稳定性,并与传统方法对比检测实际样品。【结果】大肠杆菌O157:H7标准菌株样品均检测为阳性,非大肠杆菌O157:H7标准菌株样品均检测为阴性,未发现有交叉反应;试剂盒最低检验限为29 CFU;该试剂盒的特异性、灵敏度及准确度与传统方法相比具有较高的一致性;试剂盒对高菌量目标菌和阴性菌样品的检测重复率均为100%,对低菌量目标菌样品的批间检测重复率为94%。试剂盒可在4°C保存9个月以上,并且可进行变温储存72 h以上。【结论】该试剂盒特异性好,灵敏度高,重复性好,储存方便,检测结果稳定、可靠,适用于对食品中大肠杆菌O157:H7的检测需求。     

High-frequency High-resolution Echocardiography: First Evidence on Non-invasive Repeated Measure of Myocardial Strain,Contractility, and Mitral Regurgitation in the Ischemia-reperfused Murine Heart

Ischemia-reperfusion (IR) was surgically performed in murine hearts which were then subjected to repeated imaging to monitor temporal changes in functional parameters of key clinical significance. Two-dimensional movies were acquired at high frame rate (8 kHz) and were utilized to estimate high-quality myocardial strain. Two-dimensional elastograms (strain images), as well as strain profiles, were visualized. Results were powerful in quantitatively assessing IR-induced changes in cardiac events including left-ventricular (LV) contraction, LV relaxation and isovolumetric phases of both pre-IR and post-IR beating hearts in intact mice. In addition, compromised sector-wise wall motion and anatomical deformation in the infarcted myocardium were visualized. The elastograms were uniquely able to provide information on the following parameters in addition to standard physiological indices that are known to be affected by myocardial infarction in the mouse: internal diameters of mitral valve orifice and aorta, effective regurgitant orifice, myocardial strain (circumferential as well as radial), turbulence in blood flow pattern as revealed by the color Doppler movies and velocity profiles, asynchrony in LV sector, and changes in the length and direction of vectors demonstrating slower and asymmetrical wall movement. This work emphasizes on the visual demonstration of how such analyses are performed.     

Role of Nitric Oxide in Pathogenesis Underlying Ischemic Cerebral Damage

1. Based upon the intriguing report that nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor dose-dependently reverses N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-induced neurotoxicity observed in primary cortical cell cultures, many laboratories have investigated whether NOS inhibition is beneficial as a treatment for cerebral ischemia.2. Although the results are variable, it is likely thought that nitric oxide plays a key role in pathomechanism underlying ischemic brain damage.3. We review the experimental studies on effects of NOS inhibition on cerebral ischemia and measuring nitric oxide produced in the brain subjected to cerebral ischemia.4. Finally, the possibility of NOS inhibitors as a therapeutical tool is discussed.     

浙江武义2009年南方水稻黑条矮缩病的毒源地分析

2009年, 浙江省境内首次出现南方水稻黑条矮缩病毒(Southern rice black streaked dwarf virus, SRBSDV), 且仅武义县有发病现象。因为该病毒病是一种虫媒病毒, 且白背飞虱Sogatella furcifera (Horváth)是主要传毒介体, 所以本文通过白背飞虱灯下诱虫情况调查、 迁飞轨迹模拟、 天气学背景分析以及毒源地分析, 阐释了2009年浙江省武义县发现的南方水稻黑条矮缩病的供毒源地分布情况, 以及白背飞虱携毒的传递路径, 并讨论了轨迹模拟中各生物学参数的设定方法, 从而为剖析该病毒的宏观流行规律奠定科学基础。结果显示：(1) 通过对白背飞虱迁入武义的主要虫源地与经鉴定的南方水稻黑条矮缩病发病区域的叠加分析, 明确了浙江武义的可能毒源地分布于两广、 闽南、 赣南四省区境内; (2) 西南低空急流及偏南气流是白背飞虱将我国南方的病毒远距离传送到武义县境内的动力源; (3) 白背飞虱随下沉气流和降雨在武义境内的集中降落是南方水稻黑条矮缩病在当地暴发的触发条件。     

Comparison of cardiac stem cell sheets detached by Versene solution and from thermoresponsive dishes reveals similar properties of constructs

Cell sheets (CS) from c-kit+ cardiac stem cell (CSC) hold a potential for application in regenerative medicine. However, manufacture of CS may require thermoresponsive dishes, which increases cost and puts one in dependence on specific materials. Alternative approaches were established recently and we conducted a short study to compare approaches for detachment of CS from c-kit+ CSC. Our in-house developed method using chelation by Versene solution was compared to UpCell? thermoresponsive plates in terms of CSC proliferation, viability, gap junction formation and engraftment in a model of myocardial infarction. Use of Versene solution instead of thermoresponsive dishes resulted in comparable CS thickness (approximately 100 mcm), cell proliferation rate and no signs of apoptosis detected in both types of constructs. However, we observed a minor reduction of gap junction count in Versene-treated CS. At day 30 after delivery to infarcted myocardium both types of CS retained at the site of transplantation and contained comparable amounts of proliferating cells indicating engraftment. Thus, we may conclude that detachment of CS from c-kit+ CSC using Versene solution followed by mechanical treatment is an alternative to thermoresponsive plates allowing use of routinely available materials to generate constructs for cardiac repair.