急性非ST 段抬高性心肌梗死患者血清尿酸水平与N末端B 型钠尿肽原的相关性分析

目的:探讨急性非ST段抬高性心肌梗死(NSTEMI)患者血清尿酸水平与N末端B型钠尿肽原(NT-pro BNP)的相关性分析。方法:将143例NSTEMI患者按照入院时血清尿酸四分位数分为四组:Ⅰ组(尿酸284.18μmol/L)、Ⅱ组(284.19~336.53μmol/L),Ⅲ组(336.54~390.78μmol/L),Ⅳ(尿酸390.79μmol/L);按照血清NT-pro BNP中位数分为2组:NT-pro BNP571.56 pg/m L组和NT-pro BNP≥571.56 pg/m L组;比较各组相关指标的差异。结果:Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组及Ⅳ组四组的NT-pro BNP、GRACE危险评分、CK-MB、LEVF、c Tn I比较统计学差异(P0.05),Ⅳ组NT-pro BNP、GRACE危险评分、c Tn I、CK-MB高于Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组,Ⅲ组高于Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组(P0.05);NT-pro BNP≥571.56 pg/m L组血清尿酸、GRACE危险评分、c Tn I、CK-MB高于NT-pro BNP571.56pg/m L组(P0.05)。血清尿酸分别与NT-pro BNP、GRACE危险评分呈现正相关(P0.05)。结论:血清尿酸水平与NSTEMI患者的NT-pro BNP密切相关,临床检测血清尿酸水平对于评估NSTEMI患者NT-pro BNP水平具有重要的意义。     

CK-MB、cTnI、Myo和NT-proBNP联合检测在诊断急性心肌梗死中的应用

为了评估肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)、心肌肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)、肌红蛋白(Myo)和N端脑钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)这4种体外诊断试剂在诊断急性心肌梗死中的价值,本研究检测了200例急性心肌梗死患者和100例健康受试者血清中各项指标的水平。研究结果显示,急性心肌梗死患者的血清CK-MB、cTnI、Myo和NT-proBNP水平依次为36.74 ng/mL、14.29 ng/mL、381.96μg/mL和1 375.54 pg/mL,而健康受试者的血清CK-MB、cTnI、Myo和NT-proBNP水平依次为3.21 ng/mL、0.33 ng/mL、65.2μg/mL和72.78 pg/mL。心肌梗死患者的上述4种指标均显著高于健康受试者(p0.05)。4项指标中,cTnI的敏感度、特异性和曲线下面积均为最高,依次为0.764、0.719和0.747。此外,4项指标联合诊断的敏感度、特异性和曲线下面积依次为0.836、0.812和0.828,均高于单独指标诊断。本研究说明CK-MB、cTnI、Myo和NT-proBNP水平在急性心肌梗死患者的血清中明显升高,并且4项指标联合检测有利于急性心肌梗死的早期诊断。     

心肌坏死标志物联合检测对急性心肌梗死早期诊断及鉴别的价值

目的:探讨心肌坏死标志物联合检测在急性心肌梗死早期诊断及鉴别中的意义。方法:选取2010年12月至2013年5月我院收治的90例患者,45例确诊急性心肌梗死患者为观察组,其余45例非急性心肌梗死患者为对照组。分别采集两组患者静脉血4 m L用于检验。采用免疫抑制法测定患者血清中肌酸激酶(CK)和肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)含量,采用电化学发光法检测肌钙蛋白I(c Tn I)和肌红蛋白(MYO)含量。观察并比较不同时间点两组患者血清中CK、CK-MB、c TnⅠ及MYO含量的变化情况。结果:与对照组比较,观察组的血清CK、CK-MB、c TnⅠ及MYO的含量明显升高,其中CK及MYO升高最为显著,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。CK、CK-MB在发病3~6 h后快速升高,24 h达高峰;c TnⅠ前24 h与CK-MB同步,但维持时间较长;MYO在发病后1~2 h发生异常,12 h达峰值(P0.05)。结论:心肌坏死标志物联合检测可提高急性心肌梗死的检出率,有助于疾病的及时发现、诊断和治疗。     

急性心肌梗死患者血浆BNP、NT-proBNP、MYO及cTnI水平的表达及临床意义

目的:探讨急性心肌梗死患者血浆B型利钠肽(BNP)、N-末端B型利钠肽原(NT-proBNP)、肌红蛋白(MYO)及心肌肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)的表达及临床意义。方法:选择2015年8月至2016年8月我院收治的162例急性心肌梗死患者记为观察组,另选择162例同期于我院健康体检志愿者为对照组进行对比研究。应用免疫分离法检测两组血浆BNP、NT-proBNP、MYO及cTnI水平。对比两组血浆BNP、NT-proBNP、MYO及cTnI的表达水平,以及BNP、NT-proBNP、MYO、cTnI单独检测和联合检测在急性心肌梗死诊断中的灵敏度及特异性,并分析各指标之间的相关性。结果:观察组血浆BNP、NT-proBNP、MYO及cTnI水平均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。四项联合检测的灵敏度分别高于血浆BNP、NT-proBNP、MYO及cTnI单独检测,特异性分别高于血浆NT-proBNP、MYO单独检测,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),四项联合检测的特异性分别高于血浆BNP、cTnI单独检测,但差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。通过Spearman相关性分析显示,观察组血浆BNP、NT-proBNP、MYO及cTnI各指标水平之间呈正相关(P0.05)。结论:血浆BNP、NT-proBNP、MYO及cTnI在急性心肌梗死中具有明显高表达,且四项联合检测的灵敏度及特异性较高,各指标之间存在正相关关系,可为急性心肌梗死早期诊断提供科学的依据,值得临床推广。     

血浆B型脑钠肽对心力衰竭和呼吸困难的诊断价值

目的:探讨血浆脑钠肽(BNP)水平在心力衰竭(CHF)T和呼吸困难诊断中的应用。方法:采用免疫荧光快速测试法测定56例已确诊心衰患者、40例心源性呼吸困难患者、29例肺源性呼吸困难患者和30例健康人血浆BNP的含量。结果:心衰组患者血浆BNP水平明显高于对照组,差异显著(P<0.01);心源性呼吸困难组患者的BNP值水平(1032.2±879.8 pg/ml)与肺源性呼吸困难组患者的BNP值水平(67.1±43.6 pg/ml)比较有显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论:检测BNP水平可为临床诊断CHF及心源性与肺源性呼吸困难的鉴别诊断提供重要依据。     

血清C反应蛋白、正五聚蛋白-3对小儿肺动脉高压的诊断价值

目的:研究血清C反应蛋白(CRP)和正五聚蛋白-3(PTX-3)在小儿肺动脉高压(PAH)诊断中的临床价值。方法:选择32例PAH患儿及32例健康小儿,检测和比较其血清CRP、PTX-3水平,分析血清CRP、PTX-3水平的相关性,通过绘制ROC曲线评价其对于PAH的诊断价值。结果:PAH组血清CRP水平(29.63±15.82 mg/L)、PTX-3水平(1.20±1.03 ng/m L)与对照组[CRP水平(3.38±1.74 mg/L)、PTX-3水平(0.64±0.43 ng/m L)]相比均显著升高(P0.01)。血清CRP与PTX-3的相关系数r为0.356(P0.05)。血清CRP诊断PAH的ROC曲线AUC为0.983,临界点为6.6 mg/L;PTX-3诊断PAH的ROC曲线AUC为0.669,临界点为0.95ng/m L;两者联合诊断的AUC为0.986,临界点为1.01。结论:PAH患儿血清PTX-3和CRP水平均显著升高,CRP大于PTX对PAH的诊断价值,两者联合诊断的价值更大。     

病毒性心肌炎与支原体肺炎患儿心肌损伤标志物水平的检验意义

目的:探讨病毒性心肌炎与支原体肺炎患者心肌损伤标志物水平检测意义。方法:回顾性分析医院收治的病毒性心肌炎患儿53例和肺炎支原体肺炎患儿49例分别作为病毒性心肌炎组和支原体肺炎组,选取同期体检正常儿童50例作为对照组,分别检测心肌酶指标和心肌蛋白指标。结果:病毒性心肌炎组心肌肌钙蛋白I(c Tnl)、肌红蛋白(MYO)显著高于支原体肺炎组、对照组,差异显著(P0.05);支原体肺炎组和对照组组间差异显著,具有统计学意义(P0.05)。病毒性心肌炎组肌酸激酶(CK)、肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)、门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)均显著高于支原体肺炎组、对照组,差异显著(P0.05);支原体肺炎组、对照组组间对比差异显著,具有统计学意义(P0.05)。2组入院10 d c Tnl、MYO均低于入院第1 d,具有统计学意义(P0.05);病毒性心肌炎组入院第10 d c Tnl、MYO显著高于支原体肺炎组,具有统计学意义(P0.05)。2组入院10 d CK、CK-MB、AST、LDH均低于入院第1 d,具有统计学意义(P0.05);病毒性心肌炎组入院第10 d CK、CK-MB、AST显著高于支原体肺炎组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。根据ROC曲线分析临床性能,c Tnl、MYO、CK、CK-MB、AST、LDH的临界值分别为0.38μg/L、56.2μg/L、236.58 U/L、32.8 U/L、71.6 U/L、232.8 U/L,灵敏度分别为82.7%、85.4%、84.8%、89.6%、90.2、79.8%。结论:心肌损伤标志物可作为诊断病毒性心肌炎和支原体肺炎的重要指标,应用ROC回归曲线确定各指标的临界值,还可对两种疾病进行鉴别诊断。     

血浆β-1,3-D-葡聚糖对深部真菌感染诊断的研究

目的观察血浆β-1,3-D-葡聚糖对深部真菌感染诊断的作用。方法将2005年8月～2006年6月北京友谊医院145例患者(标本182份)分为深部真菌感染组和无深部真菌感染组,分析比较两组葡聚糖水平;使用ROC曲线确定最佳临界值。结果深部真菌感染组的葡聚糖水平64.7±86.0(25.5)pg/ml明显高于对照组6.3±21.0(0.0)pg/ml(P<0.001);血浆葡聚糖用于诊断深部真菌感染的ROC曲线下面积为0.887(95%的置信区间为0.795～0.979),使用临界值13.7pg/ml诊断深部真菌感染的敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值和阴性预测值分别为88.9%、90.2%、50.0%和98.7%;Kappa值0.588(P<0.05)。结论血浆葡聚糖水平可用于诊断深部真菌感染,本研究中使用GKT-5MSet动态真菌检测试剂盒检测血浆葡聚糖水平诊断深部真菌感染的最佳临界值为13.7pg/ml,使用此临界值对深部真菌感染进行诊断在本研究中的一致性较好。     

妊娠血清标志物的联合检测在预测胚胎停止发育中的价值

目的:探讨血清孕酮(p)、妊娠相关血浆蛋白A(PAPP-A)、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)在胚胎停止发育的早期诊断和预测的价值.方法:选择100例孕龄在6～7周的单胎孕妇,追踪85例妊娠结局,据妊娠结局分为正常妊娠组68例,胚胎停止发育而自然流产者为胚胎停育组17例;检测血清P、PAPP-A、VEGF水平,建立ROC曲线,评价指标的诊断价值.结果:(1)胚胎停育组血清P和PAPP-A、VEGF水平均显著低于正常妊娠组(P＜0.001).(2)P与PAPP-A呈正相关,P与VEGF呈正相关(p＜0.001).(3)以P＜14.996ng/ml、VEGF＜26.505pg/ml为临界值,二者联合检测可使胚胎停止发育诊断阳性率达94.12%,特异性为88.2%.结论:血清P、VEGF联合检测敏感性高,对胚胎停育的早期诊断和预测有一定价值.     

早期心电图QRS波时限与老年急性冠脉综合征患者左心功能的相关性分析

目的:探讨老年急性冠脉综合征患者(ACS)患者入院时心电图QRS波时限与左心功能的相关性。方法:选取396例老年ACS患者为研究对象,测定所有患者入院时的体表心电图的QRS波时限,按照QRS时限将患者将患者分为Ⅰ组:60 ms≤QRS时限≤80 ms、Ⅱ组:80 msQRS时限100 ms、Ⅲ组:QRS时限≥100 ms;检测各组患者相关心脏超声心功能指标,同时检测入院时肌钙蛋白I(c Tn I)、肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)、血清B型脑钠肽(BNP);记录患者住院期间发生左心衰竭情况。结果:与Ⅰ组及Ⅱ组比较,Ⅲ组的BNP及c Tn I明显升高(P0.05)、LVEF降低(P0.05);血清BNP与QRS时限呈正相关(P0.05),而LVEF与QRS时限呈负相关(P0.05);QRSw时限延长是老年ACS患者发生左心衰竭的独立危险因素(OR=1.214,P0.05)。结论:老年ACS患者QRS时限延长与左心功能下降密切相关,可能是老年ACS患者发生左心衰竭的独立危险因素。     

Characteristics of the membranes of the pellicle of the ciliatePseudomicrothorax dubius

Summary The membranes of the pellicle of the ciliatePseudomicrothorax dubius are investigated using thin section electron microscopy and freeze-fracture replicas. The plasma membrane is covered by a surface coat and is connected to the outer alveolar membrane by short, sometimes branched, bridges. The inner alveolar membrane is coated on both sides. The epiplasm lies in intimate contact with the cytoplasmic surface of this membrane, and there is a corresponding deposit on the other surface. This deposit is regularly striated.The epiplasmic layer and the alveoli are interrupted at sites of cytotic activity,e.g., the attachment sites of trichocysts, the cytoproct, and the parasomal sacs. The striated deposit ends where the epiplasm ends, indicating a direct relationship between these two epimembranous layers.There is a deposit along the sides of the first part of the tip of the trichocysts, and in this region the trichocyst membrane is free of intramembranous particles.The membrane of the parasomal sacs has a coat on both surfaces. That on the extraplasmic surface is similar to the surface coat of the plasma membrane. The origin of the cytoplasmic coat is unknown. The cytotic activity of these sacs is indicated by their highly irregular profiles.     

The early development of the tail and the transformation of the shape of the nucleus of the spermatid of the domestic fowl,Gallus gallus

Summary The differentiation of the spermatid, especially in reference to the formation of the flagellum, and transformation of the shape of the nucleus was investigated in the domestic fowl.In the early stage of the spermatid, a prominent Golgi apparatus appears around the centrioles. The Golgi vesicles then surround the axial-filament complex which develops from the distal centriole. These vesicles fuse to form continuous membrane at the earliest stage of flagellar formation, and in the succeeding stage Golgi lamellae are attached to the plasma membrane of the developing flagellum. From these observations, it is assumed that Golgi apparatus may be a source of the membrane system of the flagellum.The microtubules distributed around the nucleus form the circular manchette. The anterior region of the nucleus with the manchette is cylindrical in shape and the posterior region without it remains irregular in shape. When the circular manchette has been completed, the whole nucleus acquires a slender cylindrical shape. The circular manchette then changes into the longitudinal manchette. The nuclei of spermatids without a longitudinal manchette are abnormal in shape. In view of these observations it is assumed that the nuclear shaping of the spermatid may be accomplished by circular manchette and the maintenance of shape of the elongated nucleus by longitudinal manchette.The authors wish to thank Mr. Takayuki Mori for his helpful suggestions and technical advices     

Characterization of the composition of the aqueous humor and the vitreous body of the eye of the frog Rana temporaria L

This study aimed to analyze the aqueous humor (AH) and the vitreous body (VB) of the eye of the adult frog Rana temporaria L. as a representative species of amphibians, which lead a semi-terrestrial life. The presence of collagen, albumin, uric acid and electron donors was shown in both media; however, there are slight differences in their concentrations. To determine collagen, a spectral-fluorescent probe, cyanine dye, was used. The presence of collagen in AH of the frog was found at the first time. The total content of electron donors (ascorbic and uric acids, tryptophan, and tyrosine) in VB and HA was roughly estimated at ~ 1.5 × 10^− 4 mol/L. Both VB and AH absorb light in similar UV regions. The total protein and albumin contents in AH were found to be somewhat higher than those in VB. The uric acid content was at an equally low level in both intraocular media. It is supposed that the similarity of VB and AH compositions shown in this work is due to some exchange between VB and AH contents in the course of accommodation. The role of intraocular fluids in physiological functions of the eye and in protecting the retina against UV light is discussed.     

Observations on the permeability of the choriocapillaris of the eye

Summary The choriocapillaris is a fenestrated capillary bed located posterior to the retinal pigment epithelium. It serves as the main source of supply to the photoreceptors, retinal pigment epithelium, and other cells of the outer retina. The permeability of these capillaries to intravenously injected ferritin (MW — approx. 480,000; mol. diam. 11 nm) was examined in the mouse, rabbit, and guinea pig, each of which is characterized by a different type of retinal vascularization. In all three species, the bulk of the ferritin remained in the capillary lumina, where it appeared to be blocked at the level of the diaphragmed fenestrae. Some ferritin was present in endothelial cell vacuoles. The results confirm previous work on the rat choriocapillaris and indicate that the barrier function of the choriocapillary endothelium is present even among species in which the retinal circulation differs significantly.Supported by NIH grant EY03418