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目的:研究多层螺旋CT对肺结核合并肺癌的鉴别诊断价值。方法:选择2013年3月至2015年9月在我院确诊的肺结核合并肺癌患者32例和单纯肺结核患者39例应用多层螺旋CT扫描患者肺部病变情况。结果:肺结核合并肺癌组:陈旧性肺结核28例、活动性肺结核4例;病灶位置经典部位29例、非经典部位3例,合并鳞癌11例、腺癌13例、小细胞癌5例、未分化癌3例;10例结核病灶与肺癌病灶不同侧、13例结核病灶与肺癌病灶同侧不同叶、9例结核病灶于肺癌病灶同侧同叶。单纯性肺结核组胨旧性肺结核36例、活动性肺结核3例;病灶位置经典部位34例(上叶尖段11例、后段9例、下叶背段14例)、非经典部位5例。肺结核合并肺癌组患者分叶征、毛刺征、胸膜凹陷征、阻塞性肺炎及肺不张以及棘状突起比例高于单纯肺结核组,而空泡影比例低于单纯肺结核组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);两组钙化、斑片条索影、结节影以及空洞或空腔比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:多层螺旋CT对肺结核合并肺癌具有较高的临床鉴别诊断价值。 相似文献
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不同种源山桐子果实脂肪酸组成变异分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以采自11个种源的山桐子为材料,测定其果实脂肪酸的组成及其变异情况,结果表明:山桐子果实中不饱和脂肪酸含量较高,尤以亚油酸含量最高,11个种源的平均值为63.58%,且种源间差异显著,分宜、宜昌种源亚油酸相对含量明显高于其他9个种源;饱和脂肪酸以棕榈酸为主,11个种源山桐子果实棕榈酸差异显著,且以平武种源最高;其余脂肪酸含量均较低,变异幅度较大;种子中棕榈酸和棕榈烯酸含量明显高于果肉,而亚油酸、亚麻酸及硬脂酸含量明显低于果肉,油酸含量相近:果实不饱和脂肪酸含量依次为果肉〉全果〉种子,且变异系数及相对极差均较小,尤以果肉中最小;除硬脂酸外,山桐子果实中其他4种主要脂肪酸组分受海拔等地理环境的影响均较小。 相似文献
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Forty-eight new mutations at the am locus of Neurospora crassa have been characterized. Nineteen mutations were induced by UV; of these, eight were missense, two were frameshifts, two were nonsense, three were deletions and four were unidentified. Twenty-nine mutations were induced with nitrous acid; of these, twenty-one were missense, three were frameshifts, one was nonsense, two were deletions and one was genetically unstable. 相似文献
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Scott A. Elias 《Journal of the history of biology》2014,47(2):213-242
Systematic entomology flourished as a branch of Natural History from the 1750s to the end of the nineteenth century. During this interval, the “era of Heroic Entomology,” the majority of workers in the field were dedicated amateurs. This article traces the demographic and occupational shifts in entomology through this 150-year interval and into the early twentieth century. The survey is based on entomologists who studied beetles (Coleoptera), and who named sufficient numbers of species to have their own names abbreviated by subsequent taxonomists. In the eighteenth century, 27 entomologists achieved this level of prominence, of whom 37% were academics, 19% were doctors, 11% had private incomes, 19% were clergymen, and 8% were government officials. Many of those with private incomes were members of the European aristocracy, and all but one were European men. The nineteenth century list included 192 entomologists, of whom 17% were academics, 16% were museum curators, 2% were school teachers, 15% were doctors, 6% were military men, 7% were merchants, 2% were government entomologists, 6% had private incomes, 5% were clergymen, 5% were government officials, and 4% were lawyers. The demographics of entomology shifted dramatically in the nineteenth century. Whereas many of the noteworthy entomologists of the eighteenth century were German, Swedish, or French, in the nineteenth century, many more European countries are represented, and almost one-fifth of the noteworthy entomologists were from the United States. The nineteenth century list, like the eighteenth century list, contains no women. By the twentieth century, 63% of 178 noteworthy systematic entomologists were paid professionals, teaching entomology courses in universities, or studying insect taxonomy in museums and government-sponsored laboratories. Only one person on the twentieth century list had a private income, but women (ten individuals) were included on the list for the first time. 相似文献
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Ultrastructural studies of developing goat oocytes in vitro 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The structure and distribution of organelles within developing goat oocytes at various stages of incubation were studied. In oocytes with 5 or more layers of cumulus cells, at 0 h of incubation, the zona pellucida had developed although zonation was not evident. Lipid bodies were present but no mitochondria were observed. At 20 h, the zona pellucida had differentiated into thicker and thinner regions. Clusters of membrane-bound electron-transparent bodies were present in the perivitelline space. The mitochondria were fully developed, distributed evenly and usually in close proximity with dilated endoplasmic reticula. Cortical granules were distributed at the periphery. At 40 h of incubation, a number of mitochondria was hooded. In oocytes of 2 to 4 layers of cumulus cells at 0 h, the zona pellucida was penetrated by cumulus cell processes, and the mitochondria were not well developed. However, in 20-h incubated oocytes, fully developed mitochondria, many of which were hooded, could be observed. Clusters of membrane-bound electron-transparent bodies were also observed, while cortical granules were at the periphery. In cumulus-free oocytes, zonation within the zona pellucida was indistinct. Very few vesicles and lipid bodies were observed. At 20 h, mitochondria were sparsely distributed and were not well developed and lacked cristae. At 40 h, the zona pellucida was less compact, and the membrane-bound electron-transparent bodies were less numerous compared with those of the other groups. Endoplasmic reticula were not dilated, and cortical granules were few and had no definite pattern of distribution. 相似文献
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陆地棉组织培养中再生植株的形态解剖学研究 总被引:3,自引:3,他引:0
在显微和超微水平不同层次上对陆地棉(Gossypium hisutum L.)再生植株中正常苗和玻璃苗叶及根端的形态结构进行了观察比较。结果表明:试管玻璃苗叶表面凹凸不平,气孔下陷,萎缩变形,表皮细胞形态不规则,排列不整齐,叶表面蜡质分布不均匀,其数量也较少;叶肉无明显的栅栏组织分化,细胞中叶绿体含量少、形态小,结构异常。超微结构显示,大部分叶肉细胞中叶绿体基粒片层分布少而含较多的基质片层,其它细胞器如线粒体、高尔基体、内质网等含量少或缺。叶脉维管组织发育不良,导管分子数目少,木质化程度低,根尖短而细,生长点仅由少数具分生能力的细胞组成,根冠细胞大,但数量少。正常苗形态结构基本类似于实生苗。 相似文献
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Of a total of 2392 fungi isolated from weevil-damaged pecans, 46.4% were Alternaria and Epicoccum, 23.9% were Penicillium, 12.4% were Pestalotia and Monochaeta, 6.5% were Cladosporium, 6.4% were Fusarium, and less than 2% each were Phoma, Aspergillus, Rhizopus, Trichothecium, and miscellaneous. Chloroform extracts of 34 of 105 representative Penicillium isolates, 3 of 28 Fusarium isolates, and 3 of 23 Aspergillus isolates were toxic to day-old cockerels during three bioassays. Eight of the toxic extracts from Penicillium spp. were tremorgenic. One tremorgenic isolate was identified as P. paxilli, four were identified as P. lanoso-coeruleum, and three as P. cyclopium. Nine of the non-tremorgenic isolates were identified as P. citrinum, five as P. aurantio-virens, three as P. oxalicum, and two as P. meleagrinum. Others were identified as one each of P. brevi-compactum (Series), P. nigricans (Series), P. roqueforti, P. rugulosum (Series), P. terrestre, and P. stoloniferium. One was unidentified. Toxigenic Aspergillus isolates were all A. flavus. Two of the toxic Fusarium isolates were F. moniliforme, and one was unidentified. 相似文献
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崇左金花茶花朵和叶片类黄酮UPLC-Q-TOF-MS分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以崇左金花茶(Camellia chuangtsoensis)为材料,利用超高效液相色谱-四极杆-飞行时间质谱(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS)联用技术定性定量分析其花朵(花瓣、雄蕊)和叶片(老叶、新叶)中类黄酮成分与含量。结果表明,崇左金花茶中共检测到14种类黄酮成分,木犀草素、木犀草素-7-O-芸香糖苷、槲皮素-3,7-O-二葡萄糖苷、芸香柚皮苷、圣草素和染料木苷为山茶属金花茶组植物中首次发现,其中槲皮素-3,7-O-二葡萄糖苷、芸香柚皮苷、圣草素和染料木苷主要存在于花朵中,木犀草素和木犀草素-7-O-芸香糖苷在花朵中含量高于叶片,雄蕊中高于花瓣;槲皮素-3-O-葡萄糖苷、槲皮素-7-O-葡萄糖苷、槲皮素-3-O-芸香糖苷和山柰酚-3-O-葡萄糖苷为金花茶组植物叶片中首次发现,其叶片中含量远低于花朵,老叶中远低于新叶,雄蕊中远低于花瓣;儿茶素和表儿茶素在花朵中含量高于叶片,雄蕊中高于花瓣;槲皮素和山萘酚在花朵和叶片中含量均较低。崇左金花茶花瓣和雄蕊中含量较高的类黄酮为儿茶素类、木犀草素类和槲皮素类,主要是表儿茶素、木犀草素和槲皮素-3-O-葡萄糖苷;叶片中为儿茶素类和木犀草素类,主要是表儿茶素、木犀草素和木犀草素-7-O-芸香糖苷。崇左金花茶花瓣和雄蕊中儿茶素类、木犀草素类及类黄酮总量均高于叶片,且雄蕊高于花瓣;花瓣和雄蕊中槲皮素类远高于叶片,且花瓣中远高于雄蕊。 相似文献
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The specificity of Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast on the removal of carbohydrates by fermentation was studied. The common monosaccharides, D-glucose, D-fructose, D-mannose, and D-galactose were completely removed; D-glucuronic acid and D-ribose were partially removed; but D-xylose, D-rhamnose, and L-sorbose were not removed and were completely resistant. Of four glycosides, methyl and phenyl alpha- and beta-D-glucopyranosides, three of the four were partially removed and methyl beta-D-glucopyranoside was not removed. The disaccharides, maltose, sucrose, and turanose were completely removed, while cellobiose, lactose, and melibiose were completely resistant. Isomaltose and alpha,alpha-trehalose were partially removed. Maltotriose and raffinose were partially removed, but isomaltotriose and melezitose were completely resistant. The tetrasaccharides, maltotetraose, isomaltotetraose, and acarbose, were completely resistant. Further, the yeast enzymes did not alter any of the resistant carbohydrates by transglycosylation or condensation reactions or by any other types of reactions. 相似文献
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Anthers with the filament of lily (Lilium davidii var. Willmottiae (Wilson) Roffill) were planted on modified MS medium. Filament cultures were incubated at 25℃± 1℃, and illuminated with a fluorescent light of about 800–1200 lux. Cultured filaments were initially short in length, but gradually became thicker and elongater after 20 days. After 30 days, the calli (about 2 mm in size) were produced. The calli were then transferred to the differentiation medium. After 20 days, the bulblets were developed from the calli, and the regeneration plants were formed after 40 days for tetraploid induction, plantlets were treated by aqueous solution of colchicine. A preliminary ploidy analysis of the root tip cells of these treated plants indicated that it was predominantly tetraploid (4n=48) Of 56 mitotic figures examined, 19 were tetraploid, 10 were diploid and 27 were aneuploid. The intercellular migrating chromatin substance appeared in the calli were also observed. 相似文献
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动情周期中大鼠子宫和输卵管壁肥大细胞数量变化的研究 总被引:8,自引:2,他引:6
用放射免疫分析法对动情周期中大鼠血清雌二醇浓度进行检测;取子宫、输卵管常规石蜡切片、H-E染色,并用甲苯胺蓝染色显示肥大细胞,于光镜低倍视野下计数。结果显示:动物血清雌二醇浓度依次为:动情期(E)组>动情前期(PE)组>动情后期(ME)组>动情间(DE)且,各组间差异均有显性;在子宫,肥大细胞分布于宫壁肌怪平滑肌束间的结缔组织内、近小血管处,以微血管周居多,常见单个散在,于ME子宫内膜尚偶见肥大细胞;输卵管肥大细胞局限于其外膜层内、近小血管周围,亦多散在。子宫、输卵管壁内的肥大细胞镜下呈圆形、椭圆形或略不规则形,胞浆内充满紫红色粗大颗粒,子宫肥大细胞数量依次为:ME>DE>PE>E,各组间差异有生(DE与PE、PE与E,P<0.05,余组间P<0.01);输卵管壁内肥大细胞数量各组间差异无显性(P>0.05)。本尚对大鼠血清雌二醇水平波动与子宫、输卵管壁内肥大细胞数量变化的关系及其生理意义进行了讨论。 相似文献
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艾滋病合并隐球菌感染17例尸检材料的临床病理学研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
在151例艾滋病尸检材料中发现17例合并隐球菌感染,均经病理学确诊,患者男15名,女2名,平均43.6岁。12例发生脑膜炎、肺炎和淋巴结炎各7例,尚见脾(6例)、肾(5例)等器官受累。9例为播散性感染。病变为慢性肉牙肿性,其中见有隐球菌。本文描述隐球菌性脑膜炎、肺炎等临床病理学表现,并讨论其病变特征与病理诊断问题。 相似文献
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Forty-four serologically and biochemically typable Haemophilus influenzae isolates from clinical specimens in Taiwan were subjected to analysis in their relationship with source of isolation and age distribution. It was found that all isolates from blood and cerebrospinal fluid were serotype b, biotype I, and all were in children less than 4 years of age. Serotypes b and e, biotypes I and III were encountered to have the highest incidence of infection caused by H. influenzae in this area. All H. influenzae isolates were further tested for susceptibility to several selected antibiotics. All strains of this organism were susceptible to erythromycin and chloramphenicol. All but two strains were susceptible to tetracycline, whereas more strains were resistant to carbenicillin, gentamycin, keflin, and penicillin. Thirty-four percent strains were found to be resistant to ampicillin and all were beta-lactamase producer. No direct correlation between ampicillin resistance and serotypes or biotypes was recognized. 相似文献
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Various strategies for the use of 3-(N-maleimido-propionyl) biocytin (MPB) as a general label for distinguishing between protein sulfhydryls and disulfides on blot transfers are presented. In the first approach, endogenous SH groups in proteins were labeled directly with MPB. For disulfide staining, endogenous sulfhydryls were blocked with N-ethylmaleimide, disulfides were then reduced with mercaptoethanol, and the newly formed SH groups were labeled with MPB. In this approach, all treatments were performed in vitro, and, between steps, excess reagent was removed by dialysis. The MPB-labeled proteins were then separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) (in the presence of mercaptoethanol), the labeled proteins were transferred to nitrocellulose, and the blotted proteins were detected by avidin-biotin technology. In the second approach, MPB treatment was performed directly on blot transfers. For SH labeling, proteins were subjected to SDS-PAGE in the absence of mercaptoethanol, thus retaining the status of endogenous sulfhydryl and disulfide groups. For S-S labeling, proteins were treated with N-ethylmaleimide in vitro and then subjected to SDS-PAGE in the presence of mercaptoethanol, such that endogenous sulfhydryls were blocked and endogenous disulfides were converted to SH groups. Subsequent treatments and washings were performed on blots. In the third approach, immobilized proteins (i.e., in artificial systems or in natural systems such as membrane preparations or intact cells) were treated essentially as described in the first approach, except that washings were carried out by centrifugation. In vitro treatments were performed before SDS-PAGE (carried out in the presence of mercaptoethanol) and subsequent blot transfer. The relative merits of the three strategies are discussed. 相似文献
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用固相微萃取法萃取白兰(Michelia alba Dc.)花被片不同发育阶段的香精油,并用GC-MS对其化学成分进行鉴定,峰面积归一化法测定各成分的相对含量.结果表明,白兰花被片5个发育时期的香精油的化学成分不同,分别鉴定出30、29、28、30和27种化学成分.含量较多的是萜类化合物、烷烃类物质、酯类化合物、酸类化合物和醇类化合物.有16种化学成分在3个以上时期能检测到,其中14种萜类化合物,1种胺类化合物和1种芳香化合物.有7种成分是第Ⅳ期独有的.由此推测,白兰花发育的第Ⅳ时期是窨制花茶或提取香精油的最佳时期,但在不能及时窨制花茶或提取香精油或远距离运输的情况下,选择第Ⅲ时期采摘更为合适. 相似文献
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P W Kanyari 《International journal for parasitology》1990,20(5):625-630
Most first generation schizonts of Eimeria apsheronica developed in the jejunum; others were distributed throughout the small intestine and occasionally in the caecum. Some were also found in the mesenteric lymph nodes, which were oedematous and haemorrhagic. In the intestine, haemorrhage and congestion were seen before parasites were detected, and continued throughout all later stages. Schizonts occurred in the lamina propria and occasionally in the submucosa, where they sometimes caused a cellular inflammatory response. Schizonts were first seen at 8 days post-infection (DPI); they had poorly defined nuclei and were enclosed in a capsule-like wall. At 16 DPI, many had matured, had a mean size of 125 x 82 microns, and were filled with numerous spindle-shaped merozoites, which were in ranks and loops. At 18 and 20 DPI, when small white lesions (1-3 mm in diameter) were observed in the jejunum and elsewhere in the small intestine, a second generation of schizonts, macrogametes, microgametocytes and maturing oocysts were seen, in the epithelial cells of the small intestine and caecum. Their mean sizes, respectively, were: 26.2 x 18.9, 24.7 x 18.5, 30.2 x 21.7 and 26.6 x 19.3 microns. Macrogametes contained basophilic central and eosinophilic peripheral granules. The sexual stages were associated with a generalized cellular inflammatory response. 相似文献