提高大岩桐试管苗移栽成活率的实验

取芽或茎尖经HgCl消毒后获得无菌外植体，将其接种于不同组合的培养基上并获得小植株，将小植株进行继代、生根培养，经炼苗后移栽，成活率很高。     

草莓的组织培养与快速繁殖研究

通过对草莓的茎尖生长点进行组织培养,获得草莓脱毒苗,并以此为试材,对草莓的快速繁殖以及生根培养进行了研究。结果表明：芽的最适诱导分化培养基为MS BA0．5mg／L IAA0．05mg/L,诱导率可达70％;最适增殖培养基为MS BA0．2～1．0mg／L,增殖倍率可达3．2;试管苗在1／2MS附加IAA0．5me／L的培养基上,经过10～15d的培养,95％生根成苗。     

柑桔茎尖培养的初步研究

截取1～2毫米高的甜橙(Citrus sinensis)茎尖,培养子经消毒的基本培养基中。比较试验了几种植物生长调节物质、蔗糖的不同浓度和培养基的物理性状对愈伤组织发生的效应。分别观察了不同天数的离体茎尖愈伤组织发生情况。发现对愈伤组织形成较好的处理有:2,4-D0.1毫克/升+Kinetin 0.25毫克/升+NAA 2.5毫克/升,单独使用2,4-D为1.5毫克/升;蔗糖浓度为5％;以及液体培养基。将具有愈伤组织的离体茎尖,转移至激素类物质为BA 0.25毫克/升+NAA 0.1毫克/升的基本培养基中,则能促使茎芽及愈伤组织的进一步生长。但不容易形成根。然后再移入只含NAA 2毫克/升的的基本培养基中,才能分化出根,形成完整的小植株。我们已经获得暗柳、雪柑和柚子等三个柑桔品种的离体茎尖培养的植株,并揭示出在同一块离体茎尖愈伤组织生长出许多小植株的可能前景。茎尖嫁接植株是用全黑暗条件培养13～14天的枳壳(Ponciruo trifoliata)等实生苗作砧木,甜橙(Citrus sinensis)茎尖长为0.2～0.4毫米、并带叶原基2～3个作接穗,在无菌条件的实体显微解剖镜下,嫁接于砧木倒T字型的缺口上,能获得嫁接绿苗18.5％的成活率。嫁接植株培养在MS液体培养基,蔗糖浓度提高到7.5％,放置于800米烛光的荧光灯、每天光照16小时的条件下。嫁接植株生长到2～4片     

草莓脱病毒苗的诱导及其光合特性的研究

利用茎尖分生组织(0.2~0.3mm)培养和花药培养, 产生草莓脱病毒苗.茎尖培养脱病毒率在72.7~95.5%间, 花药培养脱病毒率在66.7~79.2%间。进行38℃恒温处理茎尖分生组织组培苗, 可提高脱病毒效果。产量比较试验表明, 不同品种的草毒脱病毒苗比对照增产11.7~26.2%, 花药脱病毒苗和茎尖脱病毒苗的增产效果一致.叶绿素含量和光合作用强度测定表明, 脱病毒苗与对照相比, 叶绿素含量增加2.3~26.9%, 光合作用强度增加6.9~12.1%.     

甘薯外植体组织培养和植株再生

近年来国内外开展了甘薯组织培养和花药培养的研究工作,报道了从甘薯块根愈伤组织获得再生苗和应用茎尖分生组织培养获得无病毒植株。吴耀武,Biding 和Shepard 分别报道了甘薯茎段、叶片原生质体和叶肉细胞培养形成了愈伤组织和细胞团。蔡新声等培养甘薯茎段获得愈伤组织并分化出胚状体。我们自1982年开始进行甘薯外植体——茎段、叶柄和叶片诱导成植株的探索,1983年由外植体的三个部分愈     

葡萄试管苗热处理结合茎尖培养脱病毒效果的研究

对７个生食葡萄品种的试管苗热处理结合茎尖剥离培养脱除病毒的方法做了研究,结果表明,从热处理试管苗剥离的茎尖培养成活率为６１．２％,其中有１８．１％的成苗。各品种热处理试管苗剥离的茎尖分化再生能力不同：先形成愈伤组织的成苗率较低,而先分化芽的茎尖成苗率较高。这一方法对扇叶病毒和卷叶病毒的脱除率达９２％以上。     

草莓无病毒苗繁殖技术的研究

为了获得大量草莓无病毒苗。本实验采用四种脱毒技术先后取得了成功。1.茎尖组织培养法:在实验中用三个品种(“明晶”、“群星”、“红手套”)、三种茎尖大小(0.2、0.4、0.6mm)三种培养基(300号、205号、202号),采用三因素、三水平正交设计 L27(3~3),比较27个处理组合茎尖分生组织培养及脱毒情况。结果表明,接种0.2、0.4、0.6mm不同大小茎尖,其脱毒率分别可达100%、75%、62%。筛选出的最佳培养基是205号 MS 改     

油橄榄下胚轴诱导完整植株

油橄榄离体茎培养出根已有报道,但无诱导完整植株的试验结果。我们以油橄榄下胚轴、子叶、胚根、嫩茎、茎尖和叶片等作为外植体进行了试验,除从茎尖诱导发生小植株外(待发表),在下胚轴上也已诱导出完整植株。从甘蓝下胚轴诱导发生小植株已有报道,本文就油橄榄下胚轴诱导完整植株作简要报道。油橄榄(Olea europaea L.)种子经消毒处理后,通过无菌培养得到无菌苗。在幼苗下胚轴伸长到2—3厘米时,在无菌条件下切除茎尖、子叶     

亚麻原生质体培养及植株再生

试验分别采用四个纤维用亚麻(Linumusitatissimum)品种7309,948,Belinka和Viking的无菌苗的茎尖为材料游离原生质体。以萌发10天的无菌苗茎尖游离获得的原生质体得率和活性最高,分别达到1．8×106／gFW和85．5％。以V-KM为培养基,采用琼脂岛法培养的原生质体,可在培养3天后发生第一次分裂,10天后统计细胞分裂频率为36％,20天后统计植板率达到5．2％。品种7309和Belinka再生的愈伤组织接种在均附加o．6mg/L6-BA和0．1mg／LNAA的B5-1和MS3固体培养基上,都有芽苗分化,并分别获得再生植株。品种Viking和948分别仅分化获得了不定根或叶状体。     

番茄组织培养及茎尖苗的增产效果初报

本文采用番茄茎尖，在无菌条件下离体培养在MS, MH培养基上，分化出大量植株，在White培养基上诱根，完整的植株放于低温处壮苗锻炼，获得同步苗。定植露地，长势健壮，增产显著。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.