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1.
  • 1.1. Cod, 2.6–3.4 kg. were fed a mixed diet of sprat, capelin oil and wheat flour.
  • 2.2. Lipids from the feed, stomach and four intestinal segments were separated into tri-, di- and monoglycerides and free fatty acids and analysed by GLC.
  • 3.3. All lipolytic products were concentrated in 14:0, 16:0 and 18:0, up to 60% and extremely low in the ω-3 fatty acids.
  • 4.4. Residual triglycerides contained 80% of saturated and monoenoic fatty acids.
  • 5.5. Linoleic acid increased from 2% in feed TG to 10% in TG of the rectum.
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2.
  • 1.1. Monoglycosyl monoglyceride, mono-, di-, tri- and tetraglycosyl diglycerides were isolated from rice bran and characterized for their chemical structures.
  • 2.2. Monoglycosyl monoglycerides were characterized as Gal(β1' → 3)-1- or 2-monoacyl-sn-glycerol and Glc(β1' → 3)-1- or 2-monoacyl-sn-glycerol.
  • 3.3. The structures ofmonoglycosyl diglyceride were Gal(β1' → 3)-1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol and Glc(β1' → 3)-1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol. Epimeric separation of the galactosyl and glucosyl glycerides was for the first time achieved by thin-layer chromatography.
  • 4.4. The main diglycosyl diglyceride was shown to be Gal(α1' → 6')-Gal(β1' → 3)-1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol.
  • 5.5. The major structure of triglycosyl diglyceride was characterized as Gal(α1″' → 6″)-Gal(α1″ → 6')-Gal(β1' → 3)-1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol.
  • 6.6. The representative structure of tetraglycosyl diglyceride was for the first time established as Gal(α1″ → 6″')-Gal(α1″' α 6″)-Gal(α1″ → 6')-Gal(βl' → 3)-1, 2-diacyl-sn-glycerol.
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3.
Company news     
Including information on:
  • ScanSoft
  • SpeechWorks International
  • Viisage Technology
  • Firstec
  • BIO-key International
  • HP
  • ZN Vision Technologies
  • Unisys
  • US Government’s
  • Communication Intelligence Corporation
  • Infinity Technologies
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4.
Company news     
  • Daon
  • Musicrypt
  • EMI Music Canada
  • Digital Broadband Networks
  • FaceKey Corporation
  • Eystar Media Inc (EMI)
  • Temasya Wira
  • Animated Electronic Industries
  • BIO-key International
  • Entryport Corporation
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5.
  • 1.1. Glycerol and glyeerol derivatives transport was compared in human, dog and camel erythrocytes.
  • 2.2. The camel erythrocytes had the slowest glyeerol transport, that of the dog erythrocytes was also slow, while the quickest transport occurred in human erythrocytes.
  • 3.3. In glyeerol mono-, di- and triacetates the transport in camel and dog erythrocytes increased until in the triacetate the quickest transport was found.
  • 4.4. Addition of copper ions had no inhibiting effect on glyeerol transport in camel erythrocytes but a striking effect was seen in human erythrocytes.
  • 5.5. Changes in pH greatly affected transport in camel erythrocytes, a decline in pH enhanced and an increase in pH slowed the transport. Storage of camel erythrocytes did not affect the glyeerol transport in camel erythrocytes.
  • 6.6. It is concluded that the mechanism of glyeerol transport in camel erythrocytes is one of a non-facilitated diffusion.
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6.
Application news     
Including information on:
  • Martin State Airport
  • Bioscrypt
  • Saflink
  • Office of the Secretary of Defense
  • Department of Defense
  • Boeing Corporation
  • Bell ID, Gemplus
  • Siemens
  • Foreign Ministry
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7.
In brief     
  • Bioscrypt
  • Saflink
  • Dell
  • Fujitsu Microelectronics America
  • Identix
  • Viisage
  • Acsys Biometrics
  • US Government
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8.
  • 1.1. The in vitro digestion of soya protein by pancreatic proteases of the trout was measured following various conditions of stomach digestion.
  • 2.2. Peptic hydrolysis results in an increase of small peptides.
  • 3.3. Acid treatment and peptic proteolysis do not affect the degradation of insoluble proteins or the formation of free amino acids during intestinal digestion, but they do lead to a significant shift from soluble polypeptides to di- and oligopeptides.
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9.
This paper comments on: Low, B. S., Alexander, R. D., and Noonan, K.M. Human hips, breast, and buttocks: Is fat deceptive? Ethology and Sociobiology 8: 249-247, 1987. In it I argue that:
  • 1.1. Sexual selection has probably not been the most important selection pressure on
  • 2.female human body shape.
  • 3.2. Male humans in different cultures find different aspects of the female body attractive
  • 4.and therefore are unlikely to have exerted consistent directional sexual selection on
  • 5.the female body.
  • 6.3. Breast size is not correlated with lactation success.
  • 7.4. Visible hip width is not correlated with parturition success.
  • 8.5. Women would lower their fitness if they tried to deceive men about their internal
  • 9.pelvic dimensions.
  • 10.6. There are many alternative hypothesis to explain the existence of fat onwomen's
  • 11.breast, hips, and buttocks.
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10.
  • 1.1. A choriolytic enzyme was isolated from the hatching medium of the pike, Esox lucius.
  • 2.2. The enzyme is defined as hatching enzyme.
  • 3.3. The molecular weight of the enzyme is 24,000.
  • 4.4. The enzyme is a glycoprotein containing 2% carbohydrate.
  • 5.5. Its isoelectric point is 6.5.
  • 6.6. The pH optimum is around pH 8.
  • 7.7. The enzyme molecule contains two disulfide bonds but no free cysteine.
  • 8.8. Inhibitor studies and metal analysis show that the enzyme is a zinc-metalloprotease.
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11.
  • 1.1. Cat plasma prothrombin and partial thromboplastin times are faster than human. Thromboplastin generation tests are very similar.
  • 2.2. Factors VIII and V assay 24 and 13 times the human standard. Cat factors VII, X. IX, XI and XII assayed at 2.5 to 4 times human. Factors I, II and XIII fell within the human range and Fletcher was extremely low.
  • 3.3. One cat lacked factor XII and showed a prolonged APTT and clotting time.
  • 4.4. Cat profibrinolysin was activated by streptokinase but not by urokinase.
  • 5.5. Cat platelets aggregated with the usual human aggregation agents with the exception of thrombin and ristocetin.
  • 6.6. Cat erythrocytes were smaller and more numerous than human.
  • 7.7. Leukocyte counts were quite variable.
  • 8.8. Serum protein electrophoretic patterns differed from human in the greater migration of albumin and the presence of numerous unidentified bands.
  • 9.9. Biochemical tests showed high sodium and chloride values.
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12.
  • 1.1. Among the digestive enzymes synthesized by pancreas, lipase is the principle lipolytic enzyme which hydrolyses dietary glycerides.
  • 2.2. For its action it requires a coenzyme, colipase.
  • 3.3. The molecular mechanisms of the interaction of these two are not fully understood.
  • 4.4. Further, molecular events that regulate and influence lipid absorption are ill denned.
  • 5.5. The rabbit is the conventional animal model for the study of lipid absorption. We have undertaken the molecular cloning, and characterization of rabbit pancreatic colipase, the coenzyme for pancreatic lipase.
  • 6.6. Colipase has been cloned from a gt 11 library of an adult rabbit pancreatic cDNA by probing with an oligonucleotide derived from human colipase sequence.
  • 7.7. The total reading frame consists of 321 nucleotides coding for 90 amino acids of the functional protein and 17 nucleotides of the leader peptide.
  • 8.8. Northern blot analysis revealed a distinct band around 0.5kb. Comparison with other species revealed an over all homology of 75% at the nucleotide level.
  • 9.9. At the amino acid level highest conservation is observed at the lipase-binding region (AA 53–73).
  • 10.10. Rabbit enzyme also retained the N-terminal pentapeptide of it preform.
  • 11.11. The regions of homology and conservation may aid to define the sites of interaction of colipase with lipase.
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13.
《Insect Biochemistry》1981,11(4):423-427
  • 1.1. Measurements of maximal enzyme activities were combined with an electrophoretic study of isozyme make-up in an examination of triglyceride, diglyceride and monoglyceride lipases from the flight muscle, fat body and gut of the cockroach, Periplaneta americana and the locust, Locusta migratoria and from the flight muscle and fat body of the moth, Polia adjuncta.
  • 2.2. Tri-, di- and mono-glyceride lipases were present in all tissues of the insects with diglyceride lipase ≥ triglyceride lipase activity in all cases and monoglyceride lipase ≥ diglyceride lipase activity in locust and moth.
  • 3.3. In the flight muscle, a strong correlation was found between the activities of lipases and the known use of lipid as a fuel for flight in these insects. Lipase activities were lowest in the cockroach (a carbohydrate-based flight metabolism), intermediate in the locust (both carbohydrate and lipid-fueled flight), and highest in the moth (a non-feeding, lipid-catabolizing adult) flight muscle.
  • 4.4. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, using substrate-impregnated gels and stained for fatty acids released by lipase action, demonstrated the presence of tissue specific isozymes of tri-, di- and mono-glyceride lipases in the three insects. In addition, some, but not all, tissues showed multiple molecular forms of one or more of the lipases.
  • 5.5. Diglyceride and monoglyceride lipase activities in both flight muscle and fat body of the insects coelectrophoresed suggesting the possibility that these two lipase activities might be catalyzed by a single enzyme protein.
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14.
  • 1.1. Both juveniles and adults of this rare salamander were studied.
  • 2.2. The rate of evaporative water loss increased with temperature and at lower humidities.
  • 3.3. At all four temperatures and three humidities studied, adults lost water at a lower rate than juveniles.
  • 4.4. Aggregating juveniles reduced water loss especially at lower moisture.
  • 5.5. The rate of water uptake was greater in juveniles than in adults.
  • 6.6. Juveniles were capable of absorbing moisture from moist soil even at 40% saturated soil.
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15.
  • 1.1. Human placental alkaline phosphatase was inactivated with tetranitromethane in a biphasic process.
  • 2.2. Spectral and amino acid analysis demonstrated that the inactivation was due to the conversion of tyrosine residues to 3-nitrotyrosine.
  • 3.3. The inactivation process showed saturation kinetics.
  • 4.4. Protection of the enzyme against tetranitromethane inactivation was afforded by inorganic phosphate.
  • 5.5. The binding affinity between the modified enzyme and inorganic phosphate was decreased.
  • 6.6. Our results suggest the involvement of tyrosyl residues in the locus of phosphoryl site of the phosphorylated enzyme forms.
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16.
  • 1.1. To understand the physiological roles of the 90-kDa stress protein (HSP90), we investigated the heparin- and antibody-binding domains of the protein.
  • 2.2. For heparin-binding sites, HSP90 was digested completely with trypsin, and the digests were applied to a heparin-Sepharose column and eluted with 1.0 M NaCl, followed by 8.0 M urea.
  • 3.3. Each elutant was purified by a reverse-phase C18 column.
  • 4.4. Two peptides from the NaCl-eluted fraction and no peptide from the urea-eluted fraction were purified.
  • 5.5. The purified peptides were sequenced by an automated peptide sequencer.
  • 6.6. One of the heparin-binding sites was present between Leu-362 and Arg-365; another was present between Leu-645 and Lys-648.
  • 7.7. These two peptides were basic and considerably hydrophilic.
  • 8.8. For antibody-binding sites, HSP90 was mildly digested with trypsin, electrophoresed on SDS-polyacrylamide gels and transferred to PVDF membranes.
  • 9.9. The four bound of the trypsin fragments could be sequenced with a peptide sequencer.
  • 10.10. There was only one antibody-binding peptide, 38 kDa, starting from Pro-2. The others showed no cross-reactivity with the antibody and started from Leu-283.
  • 11.11. Therefore, the epitopes of HSP90 are present between Pro-2 and Leu-282.
  • 12.12. The heparin-binding sites are present from the middle region of the HSP90 molecule, and the antigen sites are at the N-terminal domain.
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17.
  • 1.1. A variety of haematological parameters were determined in adult Dasyurus viverrinus.
  • 2.2. Haemoglobin and red cell counts were high with a very low mean cell volume.
  • 3.3. Basophils are absent but the eosinophils contain small numbers of basophilic granules which may indicate a dual role for this cell.
  • 4.4. “Ring Form” leucocytes are present.
  • 5.5. Three types of red cell picture could be identified, some animals showing large numbers of spherocytes, spicule cells, and inclusion bodies.
  • 6.6. These cells resemble those found in some inherited human haemolytic anaemias but there was no evidence of haemolysis in the animals.
  • 7.7. An alkali resistant haemoglobin component is present.
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18.
  • 1.1. Procarboxypeptidase (W-PCPA) was purified from the pancreas of the sei whale Balaenoptera bolealis.
  • 2.2. W-PCPA was obtained as a homogeneous protein in polyacylamide gel disc electrophoresis.
  • 3.3. W-PCPA has a molecular weight of 75,000.
  • 4.4. Amino acid composition of W-PCPA was compared with that of bovine procarboxypeptidase as A S5 (PCPA-S5).
  • 5.5. W-PCPA may be two subunits, and the aggregate form may resemble PCPA-S5.
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19.
  • 1.1. In a continuing investigation of phycocyanin-membrane surface interaction, fluorescence quenching experiments were performed with a mixture of two populations of fluorescence probe-encapsulated phospholipid bilayer vesicles in the presence and absence of phycocyanin.
  • 2.2. These membrane vesicles were prepared with 1,2-dimyristoyl phosphatidylcholine (DMPC), cholesterol and a probe molecule.
  • 3.3. A fluorophore was encapsulated in one population of membrane vesicles, while a quencher was encapsulated in another population of membrane vesicles.
  • 4.4. The result was compared with those of experiments in the presence of other biomolecules, including albumin, cytochrome c, hemoglobin, myoglobin or RNA.
  • 5.5. Interestingly, a one-third reduction of the fluorescence intensity was observed in the mixture of these two populations of membrane vesicles in phycocyanin's presence.
  • 6.6. In contrast, the other biomolecules caused no significant reduction in the fluorescence intensity.
  • 7.7. These findings were evidence of a phycocyanin-induced membrane perturbation.
  • 8.8. This was further demonstrated by a phycocyanin-induced change in the thermotropic behavior of DMPC vesicles, as measured by differential scanning microcalorimetry.
  • 9.9. Such a unique property of phycocyanin is believed to be associated with its known membrane surface-interacting character.
  • 10.10. A possible phycocyanin-modulated membrane-membrane interaction was discussed.
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20.
  • 1.1. Three calcium-binding proteins have been purified from Ehrlich ascites tumor cells.
  • 2.2. They were identified by amino acid sequence analysis on selected fragments obtained by tryptic digestion.
  • 3.3. The proteins belong to the annexin family and were identified as annexins II, III and V.
  • 4.4. Antibodies raised against the proteins were used to examine for their presence in a number of murine tissues.
  • 5.5. The occurrence was found to be in reasonable accordance with earlier reports.
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