运用《生物化学》歌曲，辅助《生物化学》教学

《生物化学》以生物体为对象,研究其生命的化学本质,是生命科学领域的核心课程。长期以来,由于生物化学课程知识点多、范围广和内容抽象,在一定程度上会影响学生学习的自信心,压抑其学习过程中的兴趣,致使学习的积极性不高。最近10～20年里,国外将科学（science）、技术学（technology）、工程学（engineering）及数学（mathematics）的教育与艺术学（arts）,特别是与艺术学中的音乐结合实施教学,形成一种所谓的STEAM (STEM + Arts) 策略,对STEM教育进行辅助,取得了不错的效果。基于以上情况,结合国内生物化学教学实际,笔者尝试将生物化学歌曲应用于课堂教学过程中,辅助教学。生物化学歌曲可以将抽象难懂的生物化学知识转变成悦耳动听的歌曲,在教学过程中能激发学生的学习兴趣,活跃课堂气氛,使学生在学习过程中爱上生物化学;在生物化学歌曲的创作过程中,能促进学生的思考创新,内化重点难点,使深奥的问题形象化;在学习过程中用歌声展现生物化学的魅力,让知识成为有趣的知识,让其成为有趣的学习者。本文介绍了国内生物化学歌曲发展壮大历程,结合具体实例从利用生物化学歌曲引入教学、理解生物化学内容、密切联系生活三方面评论了生物化学歌曲在辅助生物化学教学中的应用,并从歌词的改编、旋律的选择、歌曲的传唱、教学的设计等方面需要注意的问题进行讨论。     

Analysis of inactive renin by renin profragment monoclonal antibodies

Two peptides were synthesized, corresponding to the sequences (-19 to -7) and (-26 to -17) of the prorenin prosegment. Monoclonal antibodies were raised to these sequences and used to characterize human plasma inactive renin. Only anti (-19 to -7) reacted with inactive renin, as measured by direct assay or affinity chromatography. The data were used to evaluate two possible inactive renin stuctures: plasma inactive renin is a truncated prorenin lacking the prosegment N-terminal portion; its spatial conformation masks the N-terminal extremity, preventing interaction of this region with specific antibodies.     

Biochemistry of porphyria

• 1.1. The porphyrias are a group of metabolic disorders arising from defects in the haem biosynthetic pathway. Most forms are inherited as Mendelian autosomal dominants, but some types are recessive and others acquired through exposure to porphyrinogenic drugs and chemicals. There is a linked group of diseases, which are not porphyrias, but have in common alterations of haem biosynthesis.
• 2.2. The processes of haem biosynthesis are now well understood and the molecular biology of the functions and dysfunctions in the porphyrias are currently an area of intensive investigation.
• 3.3. The acute porphyrias. Acute Intermittent Porphyria, Variegate Porphyria and Hereditary Coproporphyria are of most importance since attacks of these may be life-threatening.
• 4.4. These diseases that usually present with a neurovisceral attack are characterized by excess production of the porphyrin precursors, 5-aminolaevulinate and porphobilinogen because of lowered activity of Porphobilinogen deaminase.
• 5.5. A variety of factors may precipitate these attacks including various drugs, alcohol, smoking, dieting or fasting and variations in steroid hormone levels.
• 6.6. The non-acute porphyrias are largely dermatological conditions, which present clinically as cutaneous photosensitivity. The dermatological changes are caused by the photosensitizing properties of circulating porphyrins and are accompanied by systemic effects of these porphyrins.