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Changes in oxytocin and vasopressin content in posterior pituitary and hypothalamus following pantethine treatment 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Pantethine, a cysteamine precursor, depletes somatostatin in the cerebral cortex and hypothalamus and prolactin in the anterior pituitary and hypothalamus. This study investigated the effect of pantethine on oxytocin and arginine vasopressin content in the posterior pituitary and hypothalamus. Male Long-Evans rats were injected intraperitoneally with escalating doses of pantethine (i.e., 146.7 mg, 293.4 mg and 586.6 mg/100 gm body weight). Hormone content was determined by radioimmunoassay. Three hours after pantethine treatment, the oxytocin content in the posterior pituitary and the hypothalamus was markedly reduced with all doses of the drug. Vasopressin content in the posterior pituitary and hypothalamus was decreased but to a lesser extent than oxytocin and only with the highest dose of pantethine. Pantethine may act to reduce oxytocin and vasopressin content through intracellular conversion to cysteamine. The exact mechanism of action of pantethine on oxytocin and vasopressin remains to be elucidated. 相似文献
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Hibert M Hoflack J Trumpp-Kallmeyer S Mouillac B Chini B Mahé E Cotte N Jard S Manning M Barberis C 《Journal of receptor and signal transduction research》1999,19(1-4):589-596
Three-dimensional models of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) have been defined using most experimental data available and protein modeling techniques. The endogenous ligand binding sites have been qualitatively described and putative receptor activation mechanisms have been proposed. The model has been recently refined to take into account recent crystallographic data. Most experimental results published are in excellent qualitative agreement with the initial model. We have undertaken to study more systematically by site directed mutagenesis the vasopressin/oxytocin receptor binding domain as a prototype of neuropeptide receptors. The experimental results are in very good agreement with the models. The residues responsible for the neuropeptide binding have been identified and confirm the predicted localization of the neuromediator in the transmembrane domain of the receptors. The side chain of the 8th residue of vasopressin interacts with a non-conserved receptor residue located in the first extracellular loop. As predicted from the model, this interaction is completely responsible for the selectivity of the ligand-receptor interaction. Finally, aromatic residues which allow the modulation of the efficacy of agonists have been identified. 相似文献
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Jun Yang Lu Lu Hong-Chang Wang He-Qin Zhan Guang-Fan Hai Yan-Juan Pan Qiong-Qing Lv Da-Xin Wang Yu-Quan Wu Ren-Ren Li Lei Xue Xin-Hua Wang Xiao-Ming Deng Xin-Feng Liu Yan-Ning Qian Zhi-Kuan Deng Zhi-Jian Zhang Xin-Huan Zhan Xin-Jian Zhou Guo-Liang Wang Jian-Xin Zhai Jing-Cheng Wang 《Peptides》2012
Arginine vasopressin (AVP), a nonapeptide hormone of posterior pituitary, reaches the central nervous system from systemic blood circulation with a difficulty because of the blood–brain barrier (BBB). The interest has been expressed in the use of the nasal route for delivery of AVP to the brain directly, exploiting the olfactory pathway. Our previous study has demonstrated that AVP in the brain rather than the spinal cord and blood circulation plays an important role in rat pain modulation. For understanding the role of AVP on pain modulation in human, the communication tried to investigate the effect of intranasal AVP on human headache. The results showed that (1) AVP concentration in both plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) increased significantly in headache patients, who related with the headache level; (2) there was a positive relationship between plasma and CSF AVP concentration in headache patients; and (3) intranasal AVP could relieve the human headache in a dose-dependent manner. The data suggested that intranasal AVP, which was delivered to the brain through olfactory region, could treat human headache and AVP might be a potential drug of pain relief by intranasal administration. 相似文献
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Light and electron microscopic analysis of murine lungs or isolated pulmonary cells was performed three days after intranasal administration of the bacterial immunostimulant, Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes). Our observations indicated that pulmonary alveolar and airway macrophages (PAMs) were the only cells with P. acnes bacilli in their cytoplasm. Bacilli were not observed in pulmonary interstitial macrophages, granulocytes, lymphocytes or pulmonary parenchymal cells such as type I and type II pneumocytes. Because of the morphological heterogeneity of PAMs observed in control and experimental animals, it was not possible from these studies to be certain about the relative abundance or complexity of lysosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi and other organelles in the two groups. However, we noted that it was not uncommon to observe in the same PAM, profiles of P. acnes and a well developed Golgi complex and endoplasmic reticulum. These P. acnes--associated morphological alterations occurred at a time when functional activities (e.g., phagocytosis, cytostasis) of PAMs were enhanced. 相似文献
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Dutil J Moujahidine M Lemieux C Jankowski M Gutkowska J Deng AY 《Cytogenetics and cell genetics》2001,93(1-2):57-59
Oxytocin and its receptor are potentially important for cardiovascular functions. In the present paper, we report their chromosome locations in the rat and their comparative mapping with the mouse and human. They are located in chromosome regions previously known to contain quantitative trait loci for blood pressure in various genetic crosses. Thus, they have become valid candidate genes for genetic hypertension. 相似文献
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A Rydzewski M Rowiński M My?liwiec 《Folia haematologica (Leipzig, Germany : 1928)》1986,113(6):823-830
1-deamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin (DDAVP) was administered intranasally in a dose of 2 micrograms/kg BW to 17 uremic patients (16 maintained on chronic hemodialysis and 1 treated conservatively). The bleeding time was significantly shortened 120 minutes after DDAVP administration (from 18.1 +/- 7.5 minutes to 12.3 +/- 6.4 minutes p less than 0.001). Factor VIII related antigen (VIII: Ag) did not change. Factor VIII ristocetin cofactor activity (VIII: RCof) significantly increased (from 251.2 +/- 162.0 to 336.5 +/- 167.2 p less than 0.025). Platelet count decreased significantly after DDAVP (from 174.9 +/- 43.8 X 10(9)/l to 155.6 +/- 45.9 X 10(9)/l 30 minutes p less than 0.01 and 129.8 +/- 45.2 X 10(9)/l p less than 0.005 120 minutes after DDAVP). Antithrombin III concentration, and hematocrit did not change. Our data indicate that further clinical studies of intranasal DDAVP in uremic patients during episodes of bleeding are warranted. 相似文献
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Distribution of vasopressin and oxytocin in rat brain 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Arginine-vasopressin and oxytocin in various portions of rat brain were determined by radioimmunoassays. The hormones were extracted from tissue samples into 0.1 N HCl and then purified partially with acetone-petroleum ether extraction. The non-equilibration method was used for the assays. In this method recovery rates of arginine-vasopressin and oxytocin were 73.0 +/- 4.4% and 75.0 +/- 3.8%, respectively. Sensitivities of the assays were 1 pg of arginine-vasopressin and 0.75 pg (0.3 microU) of oxytocin per assay tube. The higher concentrations of arginine-vasopressin and oxytocin were confirmed in the hypothalamo-neurohypophyseal system, where these hormones are synthesized, transported and stored. Relatively high concentrations of these hormones, especially oxytocin, were detected in spinal cord. Amygdala, hippocampus, limbic forebrain and pineal body contained a certain amount of arginine-vasopressin (2-20 pg/mg protein). Oxytocin (1-7 pg/mg protein) was also detected in amygdala, pons and medulla oblongata, pineal body and midbrain. The low concentrations of these hormones were also found in cerebral cortex and cerebellum. 相似文献
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Fate of vasopressin and oxytocin in the pulmonary circulation 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2