一种快速提取真菌染色体DNA的方法

介绍了一种适用于多种真菌染色体DNA的快速提取方法。该方法用石英砂振荡破壁 ,快速便捷地提取真菌染色体DNA ,提取时间仅用 1～ 2h。作者应用该方法成功地提取了粗糙脉胞菌 (Neurosporacrassa)、米曲霉 (Aspergillusoryzae)、羊肚菌 (Morchellaesculcnta)、酿酒酵母 (Saccharomycescervisae)等 4种不同真菌的染色体DNA ,所提DNA片段均大于2 0kb ,可直接用于限制性内     

一种快速简便提取真菌染色体DNA的方法

本文描述一种快速、简便提取真菌嗜松青霉菌染色体DNA的方法,包括液体培养菌体,Tris-EDTA缓冲液中破碎菌体,通过酚、氯仿导戊醇和乙醚提取染色体DNA。用此法提取的嗜松青霉菌染色体DNA分子长度可达50     

一种改进的丝状真菌DNA提取方法

以丝状真菌雅致枝霉(Thamnidium elegans)和深黄伞形霉(Umbelopsis isabellina)为材料, 使用优化的CTAB法提取基因组DNA。改进后的方法使用液氮冻融以及玻璃珠振荡的方法代替了传统的液氮研磨, 所需菌体量少, 而得到的基因组DNA比用传统的CTAB法得到的基因组DNA产率高、纯度好、且步骤简单, 适用于一次微量提取多个样品的基因组DNA。这种方法得到的基因组DNA可用于大部分分子生物学基本实验如PCR和DNA的酶切等。     

一种适用于PCR反应的酵母菌、无绿藻及丝状真菌DNA提取方法

目的 介绍一种从酵母、无绿藻及丝状真菌中提取DNA以用于PCR反应的方法。方法 所用菌种包括临床分离的未知菌株和保藏菌株共23株：未知酵母菌（5株）、真皮毛孢子菌（1株）、糠秕马拉色菌（1株）、季也蒙念珠菌（5株）、未知丝状真菌（6株）、无绿藻（1株）、烟曲霉（2株）、拟青霉菌（1株）、茎点霉（1株）。用溶细胞酶（lyticase）结合Biospin真菌基因组DNA提取试剂盒提取基因组DNA,A260／A280检测纯度并计算质量浓度,用真菌通用引物ITS1／ITS4扩增真菌核糖体基因（rDNA）内转录间区ITS基因,经PCR扩增检验所提取的DNA质量。结果 成功提取所有23株真菌基因组DNA,其纯度及质量浓度能满足PCR反应的要求。结论 用溶细胞酶结合Biospin真菌基因组DNA提取试剂盒从酵母菌、无绿藻及丝状真菌提取的DNA可用于PCR反应。     

一种用于PCR扩增的丝状真菌DNA快速提取方法

丝状真菌在工业、农业、医药以及基础生物学研究中具有重要作用。利用遗传转化技术对丝状真菌进行菌株改良和基因功能分析, 也越来越受到重视。然而, 丝状真菌DNA提取方法繁琐、费时, 难以满足利用PCR技术高通量筛选转化子的需要。本文以曲霉菌为例建立了一种快速提取丝状真菌DNA的实验方法, 微波处理置于10 × TE buffer中的菌丝即可得到DNA。RAPD试验和PCR扩增证明, 该方法提取的DNA能够达到PCR扩增的要求。研究结果为高通量快速筛选丝状真菌转化子奠定了基础。     

利用TLS提取染色体DNA

本文报告利用三乙醇、胺月桂基硫酸盐代替蛋白酶提取组织、细胞及外周血DNA。方法简便、快速、经济。DNA产率、纯度、分子量等标准均不低于蛋白酶水解法,可以满足基因分析的要求。     

一种快速高效提取病原真菌DNA作为PCR模板的方法

真菌rDNA-ITS序列分析适合于较高等级水平的生物群体间的系统分析。真菌DNA的提取采用传统的方法,步骤繁琐,需要较长时间。采用Chelex-100法提取真菌DNA,使用PCR扩增rDNA-ITS序列评价提取核酸的质量。结果显示,该方法具有经济、简便、快速、高效的特点,是一种比较理想的提取真菌基因组DNA作为PCR模板的方法。     

一种简单、快速提取DNA的方法

随着分子生物学研究的迅速发展,提取ＤＮＡ已成为一项常规实验。用经典方法提取ＤＮＡ［１］,先用蛋白酶Ｋ、ＳＤＳ消化,然后用酚、氯仿抽提,乙醇沉淀,耗时较多,提取液需要多次转移,易引起交叉污染和ＤＮＡ丢失。本文利用硅藻（ｄｉａｔｏｍ）能够特异性吸附核酸的...     

一种适于丝状真菌基因RNA干扰方法的研究

目的：获得一种适于丝状真菌基因研究用的、由根癌农杆菌介导的RNA干扰方法。方法采用基因重组及菌株干扰体系筛选的方法。结果获得适于根癌农杆菌转染的重组载体PCB309?pfgrt,并将其成功用于对孢子丝菌双组份信号组氨酸蛋白激酶DRK1基因的干扰中。结论该方法优化了根癌农杆菌的转化体系,解决了丝状真菌RNA干扰载体构建困难及干扰效率低下的难题,在丝状真菌基因功能及遗传转化研究方面具有广泛的应用前景。     

DNA extraction and PCR amplification method suitable for fresh, herbarium-stored, lichenized, and other fungi

This paper presents a DNA extraction method suitable for fresh, herbarium-stored, lichenized and other fungal specimens. The method is fast and reliable, comparatively inexpensive and is suitable for obtaining PCR amplification quality DNA from large numbers of samples in a short time. The method has been tested with over 300 samples ofAscochyta, Phyllosticta, Ramalina, Parmelia andPhysconia. Amplifiable fungal DNA was extracted from pure cultures, leaf lesions, whole thalli and dissected only-fungal sections of lichenized fungi. In addition, the method has proved suitable for use with herbarium specimens of both lichenized and non-lichenized fungi, stored as dried pure cultures or dried infected plant material.     

FTA-DNA直接提取法在病原真菌分子鉴定中的应用

目的建立并评价FTA-DNA直接提取法在病原真菌分子鉴定中的应用。方法采用whatman FTA-DNA直接提取法从25个不同种属的45株培养的菌株和6例临床标本中提取病原真菌DNA,用于病原真菌的测序鉴定。配制不同浓度的孢子悬液探索该方法的检测限和安全性。结果 45株菌株扩增后均能得到1条清晰的DNA扩增片段,并成功测序。应用该方法亦成功从腹水、胸水、口腔拭子、宫颈拭子来源的临床标本中直接提取DNA并成功鉴定病原真菌。该DNA提取方法联合降落PCR能检测到1.0×103个cell/mL的孢子悬液,1.0×104个cell/mL及以下浓度的孢子悬液可以被FTA卡完全灭活。结论 FTA-DNA直接提取法可快速有效地从培养的菌株及部分临床标本中提取并保存病原真菌DNA,用于病原真菌的测序鉴定。     

A rapid and simple method for DNA extraction from yeasts and fungi isolated from Agave fourcroydes

A simple and easy protocol for extracting high-quality DNA from different yeast and filamentous fungal species is described. This method involves two important steps: first, the disruption of cell walls by mechanical means and freezing; and second, the extraction, isolation, and precipitation of genomic DNA. The absorbance ratios (A₂₆₀/A₂₈₀) obtained ranged from 1.6 to 2.0. The main objective of this procedure is to extract pure DNA from yeast and filamentous fungi, including those with high contents of proteins, polysaccharides, and other complex compounds in their cell walls. The yield and quality of the DNAs obtained were suitable for micro/minisatellite primer-polymerase chain reaction (MSP-PCR) fingerprinting as well as for the sequence of the D1/D2 domain of the 26S rDNA.     

A rapid method for harvesting and immobilization of oleaginous microalgae using pellet-forming filamentous fungi and the application in phytoremediation of secondary effluent

A rapid method for harvesting and immobilization of oleaginous microalgae using pellet-forming filamentous fungi was developed. The suitable conditions for pellet formation by filamentous fungi were determined. Among the strains tested, Trichoderma reesei QM 9414 showed superior pellet forming ability. Its pellets were used to harvest oleaginous microalga Scenedesmus sp. With increasing volume ratio of fungal pellets to microalgae culture up to 1:2, >94% of microalgal cells were rapidly harvested within 10 min. The ratio of fungal pellets could manipulate both harvesting time and initial concentration of microalgal cells in the pellets. The microalgae–fungal pellets were successfully used as immobilized cells for effective phytoremediation of secondary effluent from seafood processing plants under nonsterile condition. The chemical oxygen demand, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus removal were >74%, >44%, and >93%, respectively. The scanning electron microscopy showed that the microalgal cells were not only entrapped in the pellets but also got attached to the fungal hyphae with sticky exopolysaccharides, possibly secreted by the fungi. The extracted lipids from the pellets were mainly composed of C16–C18 (>83%) with their suitability as biodiesel feedstocks. This study has shown the promising strategy to rapidly harvest and immobilize microalgal cells and the possible application in phytoremediation of industrial effluent.     

Improved methods for the preparation of high molecular weight DNA from large and small scale cultures of filamentous fungi

Improved methods are described for the isolation of pure, high molecular weight DNA from small and large scale cultures of filamentous fungi. The methods depend on the extraction of DNA under conditions which prevent nuclease activity and contamination by carbohydrate. The small scale method depends on enzymatic digestion of the wall whereas the large scale method uses partial damage followed by autolysis. High yields of DNA are obtained by both methods and the DNA is suitable for restriction analysis. Southern Blotting, RFLP analysis, dot blotting and the production of gene libraries. The small scale method can be used for the simultaneous analysis of multiple cultures.     

丝状真菌中纤维素酶与半纤维素酶的合成调控简

综述了丝状真菌合成纤维素酶和半纤维素酶的相关调控研究进展。对最近研究文章分析发现：细胞外信号分子（C源、光信号）,转录因子以及染色质重建等对丝状真菌合成调控纤维素酶及半纤维素酶有重要影响。同时解析丝状真菌合成纤维素酶和半纤维素酶调控网络,以期为利用基因工程改造纤维素酶和半纤维素酶生产工业菌株提供理论指导。     

丝状真菌胞吐体的研究进展

胞吐体(Exocyst)是真核生物细胞内由8个亚基组成的复合体,在后高尔基体产生的分泌囊泡与细胞膜特定位置的定向与拴系过程中发挥重要作用。一些小G蛋白通过直接与胞吐体的亚基相互作用,对极性胞外分泌进行精确的时空调节。丝状真菌的生长是通过菌丝顶端的极性生长来完成的,并且具有极强的分泌蛋白质能力,是研究胞吐体的理想系统。胞吐体对丝状真菌的形态发生和致病性都有极大的影响。本文综述了当前在丝状真菌中胞吐体的研究进展,包括它的组成、亚基定位、相关功能和调控。     

Extracellular proteinases of filamentous fungi as potential markers of phytopathogenesis

he presence of proteins in the culture liquid of filamentous fungi under study was found to induce the secretion of proteinases. The inhibitory analysis of the major extracellular proteinases of the saprotrophic fungus Trichoderma harzianum and the phytopathogenic fungus Alternaria alternata showed that they both belong to the group of serine proteinases. The substrate specificity of these proteinases and their sensitivity to inhibitors suggest that the enzyme of T. harzianum is a subtilisin-like proteinase and the enzyme of A. alternata is a trypsin-like proteinase. This difference between the proteinases may reflect the physiological difference between their producers (saprotroph and phytopathogen).