Plagiomnium guizhouense Y.-J.Yi & S.He sp. nov. (Mniaceae) found in southwestern China

A new species of Plagiomnium (Mniaceae), P. guizhouense Y.-J.Yi & S.He from Guizhou, China is described and illustrated. The new species is similar to P. affine in having spinosely serrate leaf margins with teeth consisting of up to 4 or more cells, a broadly elliptic leaf shape, and a decurrent leaf base, but is distinguished from the latter species by having a cuspidate leaf apex, broader marginal differentiation with borders consisting of 4–5 rows of linear, thick-walled cells, strongly ciliate marginal teeth that are sometimes branched and up to 7 cells long in upper fertile stem leaves and perichaetial leaves, and a much shorter leaf costa that ends just above mid-leaf in the lower leaves.     

Fissidens viridulus Wahlenb. and F. minutulus Sull.

Abstract

A new species of Pseudocrossidium R.S.Williams, P. exiguum M.J.Cano &; J.A.Jiménez, is described from South America (Argentina, Brazil and Peru). The species is distinguished morphologically by its lingulate to oblong-ovate leaves, leaf marginal cells not or scarcely differentiated from inner, costa ending below apex or percurrent, and semicircular to elliptical in cross-section with two guide cells, scarcely differentiated perichaetial leaves and peristome of short and straight teeth. Drawings and light microscope photographs of the new species are provided. The principal distinctive characters that separate it from the nearest species of Pseudocrossidium and related genera are discussed.     

Bryoerythrophyllum neimonggolicum X.-L.Bai & C.Feng (Pottiaceae), a new species from Inner Mongolia,China

Abstract

A new Inner Mongolian endemic species, Bryoerythrophyllum neimonggolicum X.-L.Bai & C.Feng is described and illustrated from China. It is characterized by lingulate to broad-lanceolate leaves with obtuse or rounded apex, leaf margins broadly recurved to revolute to near the apex, bulging laminal cells, basal cells with thickened walls and the absence of lax and enlarged basal cells. This species is compared with closely related species and its ecology is discussed.     

Ephemerum hibernicum sp. nov. (Bryopsida: Ephemeraceae) from Ireland

Abstract

Ephemerum hibernicum sp. nov. is described from inundation zones of two lakes and a river in north-central Ireland and a river in western Ireland. It is most similar to E. crassinervium and E. sessile, but differs from both of these in several characters of the leaves. In particular, papillae on the upper lamina are much lower than in most E. crassinervium, while the leaves are longer and wider than in E. sessile, with a wider lamina towards the leaf apex, less well-defined costa and sometimes with large spinose marginal teeth. Ephemerum hibernicum is a rare species and its specialized habitat merits conservation.     

Didymodon kunlunensis D.P.Zhao,S.Mamtimin & S.He (Pottiaceae), a new species from Xinjiang,China

Didymodon kunlunensis D.P.Zhao, S.Mamtimin & S.He is described as a new species found in Xinjiang, China. The new species is characterised by a combination of the following characters: ovate leaves with laminal cells always smooth, red colour in KOH, recurved leaf margins from base to apex, a percurrent costa without dorsal and ventral stereid bands in cross section, a distinct stem central strand and the presence of gemmae in the leaf axils. Light microscope photographs of the significant characters are provided and its distinctions from closely related taxa are discussed. A key to Chinese Didymodon species with smooth laminal cell is provided.     

Scapania mucronata Buch in Scotland

Abstract

Regeneration from detached leaves at 20°C in 12 h days was studied in six species. Of the four species of Polytrichum and two of Pogonatum studied, only Pogonatum aloides did not regenerate from leaves. This result could be related to the fact that in nature only this species possesses persistent primary protonemata. Polytrichum commune, P. formosum and P. juniperinum developed long, muchbranched secondary protonemata which produced buds at intervals. Pogonatum urnigerum developed buds without an initial protonema, and Polytrichum piliferum short, unbranched protonemal threads, each bearing a single terminal bud. In all cases regenerants arose from either the large cells at the bases of lamellae, or less often, basal cells of the lamellae themselves. In Pogonatum urnigerum the amount of regeneration tended to decrease from apex to base of leaf, while in the Polytrichum species the reverse occurred. No definite conclusions could be drawn with regard to the effect, if any, of leaf age on regeneration. Possibly the temperature experienced beforehand or some other seasonal factor, affects regeneration, but the question needs further investigation.     

LEAVES OF ARCHAEOSIGILLARIA VANUXEMII,A DEVONIAN LYCOPOD FROM NEW YORK

The leaf of mid Devonian Archaeosigillaria vanuxemii from Gilboa, N.Y. is known to have a thick conical base. This study demonstrates by the uncovering technique the attachment of leaves to the stem, the flattened lamina that is deltoid in outline with a toothed margin, and an apex prolonged into a hair. Comparisons are made with specimens from Kazakhstan. The morphology of leaves of other species of Archaeosigillaria and the slowly accumulating data on leaves of Devonian lycopods are discussed.     

Plagiochila killarniensis Pears. in the British Isles

Abstract

Plagioehila killarniensis Pears. is reinstated as a species. It differs from P. spinulosa in many characters including its more patent leaves with a sharply defmed vitta, and the dentate antical margin of its female bracts. P. spinulosa var. inermis Carr. is shown to be a synonym of P. killarniensis, and P. punetata var. owenii (Steph.) Macv. of var. punctata. Both sexes of P. killarniensis occur in the British Isles, but male plants of P. spinulosa have not been detected, and those of P. punctata have been seen only once. P. killarniensis tolerates more exposure than P. spinulosa, but does not extend so far north.     

The cultivation of mosses and liverworts

Abstract

Rhynchostegium confusum, a new species from Spain and the Iberian Peninsula is described. It is closely related to R. confertum, from which it differs in its noticeably wider stem leaves with wider and apically spurred costa, more flexuous branch leaves, and shorter seta. It also differs in its habit and habitat: the plants are tightly attached to siliceous rocks just over the water level in rivulets that dry out during the summer in the Mediterranean region. Molecular data show that the new species derives from R. confertum, but is clearly differentiated from the studied populations of the latter in a number of missing haplotypes.     

靖西长喙木兰，广西木兰科一新种（英文）

描述了产自广西木兰科一新种：靖西长喙木兰(Lirianthe jingxiensis Y. H. Tong&N. H. Xia)。本种形态上与绢毛木兰[L. albosericea(Chun&C. H. Tsoong)N. H. Xia&C. Y. Wu]接近,但区别在于该种植株较矮,幼枝、叶柄和幼叶被黄棕色绢毛,叶柄较宽,叶片较宽,倒卵形或倒卵状椭圆形,先端钝或短渐尖,花被片较大,心皮数目较多,被黄棕色绢毛。     

香港桦木科一新种——香港鹅耳枥(英文)

报道了桦木科(Betulaceae)鹅耳枥属(Carpinus L.)一新种——香港鹅耳枥(C.insularis N.H.Xia,K.S.PangY.H.Tong)。香港鹅耳枥与太鲁阁鹅耳枥(C.hebestroma Yamamoto)及多脉鹅耳枥(C.polyneura Franch.)相似,但习性灌木状,叶具13~16对侧脉,先端锐尖,边缘锯齿的芒尖较短,果苞宽半卵形或半卵形,长8~14 mm,小坚果顶端密被长柔毛且疏具树脂状腺体,与后两者易于区别。     

Ptychomitrium subcrispatum Thér. & P.de la Varde,an east southern African species excluded from the Cape Verde bryoflora

Abstract

Pictolejeunea levis, a new species of Lejeuneaceae found in N.E. Cuba, is described and illustrated. The species stands out within Pictolejeunea on account of its smooth leaf cells and the presence of ocelli on dorsal and ventral epidermal cells of the stem. Differences between this and the other four known species in the genus are discussed.     

乌鲁木齐乌头, 新疆毛茛科一新种

该文描述了发现自中国新疆天山北部的毛茛科乌头属一新种,即乌鲁木齐乌头(Aconitm urumqiense),此新种与新疆乌头(A. sinchiangense)近缘。两者的区别在于此新种(乌鲁木齐乌头)的茎无毛,不存在基生叶,总状花序轴和花梗被黄色腺毛,萼片背面疏被柔毛、边缘被缘毛,上萼片较宽,花瓣唇在顶端啮蚀状,子房幼时疏被柔毛。     

中国新记录种——摩拉维采真藓(新拟)

该文首次报道了摩拉维采真藓(新拟)在中国的分布。研究表明:(1)摩拉维采真藓的主要识别特征为:叶常聚集在茎顶成莲座状,叶倒卵状披针形至匙形,具长毛尖,具分化边缘,中肋消失于叶尖下,叶细胞长菱形至六边形,叶腋处着生大量单列细胞构成的分枝或不分枝的丝状芽胞。(2)通过对摩拉维采真藓的命名和系统位置的讨论,确认该种是真藓属细叶真藓组的有效种。(3)摩拉维采真藓与近缘种细叶真藓和幽美真藓有诸多相似特征:莲座状的茎顶、有分化边和菱形至六边形中上部细胞的倒卵形叶,但该种以具有大量叶腋生丝状芽胞和叶中肋不及顶等特征区别于细叶真藓的无腋生芽胞、叶中肋突出叶尖成长芒状,以具有叶湿时平展、干时卷曲和叶腋有芽胞等特征区别于幽美真藓的叶湿时内凹、干时紧贴于茎和无腋生芽胞;拟三列真藓、圆叶真藓和灰黄真藓的部分种群都曾报道有与摩拉维采真藓相似的腋生丝状芽胞,但摩拉维采真藓的假根集生于植株基部、叶有狭分化边、叶缘平直、中肋消失于叶尖下而区别于拟三列真藓的茎中下部密被假根、叶有宽分化边、叶缘背卷、中肋及顶或短出,摩拉维采真藓有分化边和长毛尖的倒卵状披针形区别于圆叶真藓叶有无分化边和圆钝叶尖的卵圆形叶,区别于灰黄真藓有中肋及顶和短尖的卵状披针形叶;柔叶真藓有与摩拉维采真藓相似、中肋不及顶的叶,但无芽胞而易与新记录种区分。(4)该种在北温带有较广泛分布,形成欧洲-北亚-中亚-西亚和北美两个主要分布区;作者在四川和新疆等地的发现可以推测摩拉维采真藓在中国可能有更广泛的分布。     

Frullania larjiana (Jungermanniopsida: Frullaniaceae), a new species from India

Abstract

Frullania larjiana Sushil K. Singh & Singh is described as a new species from the Western Himalaya, India. The species is characterized by ovate-suborbicular leaf lobes that are truncate at their antical bases; uniformly lanceolate–explanate lobules, 0.15?0.17 × 0.0?0.09 mm with a vestigial stylus 1–2 cells long; small underleaves, 0.16?0.3 × 0.1?0.15 mm; obovate to oblong-obovate female bract lobes; triangular lanceolate bract lobules without a stylar tooth and an obovoid, smoothly 5-keeled, shortly beaked perianth.     

Studies on the genus Mastigolejeunea (Marchantiophyta: Lejeuneaceae): Mastigolejeunea gradsteinii Sukkharak sp. nov.

Abstract

The liverwort Mastigolejeunea gradsteinii Sukkharak sp. nov. (Lejeuneaceae) is described from Malaysia. The new species is characterised by (1) rigid stem with epidermal cells as large as medullary cells, (2) apiculate leaf apex, (3) curved lobules without teeth, and (4) perianths with 7–8 keels.     

Studies in Brazilian Passifloraceae III. A new species of Passiflora

A new species ofPassiflora from Minas Gerais, Brazil, is described and namedP. saccoi. This species belongs to subgenusPassiflora seriesLobatae harms because of its lobed leaves, foliaceous, semi-ovate to semi-oblong stipules that are attached on one side above base and, hence, often appear sub-reniform, and foliaceous, verticillate bracts borne near the apex of the peduncle.     

四花球兰,云南球兰属(夹竹桃科萝藦亚科)一新种

描述了产自云南的球兰属一新种四花球兰(Hoya tetrantha J.F.Zhang,Y.H.Tong&N.H.Xia).该种为附生灌木,具有一年生的顶生花序和小型叶片,而与产自缅甸的狄克森球兰(H.dickasoniana P.T.Li)相似,但该种叶片卵形至阔卵形,先端锐尖,具短尖头,花序通常具4朵花,萼片线形且...     

INDETERMINATE GROWTH OF LEAVES IN GUAREA (MELIACEAE): A TWIG ANALOGUE

Leaves of seed plants are generally characterized as organs of determinate growth. In this regard, Guarea and related genera seem unusual in that the pinnately compound leaves of these plants contain a bud at their tip from which new pinnae expand from time to time. Previous studies (based upon superficial examinations of leaf-tip buds) have produced contradictory conclusions regarding how long the leaf apex remains meristematic and produces new pinna primordia. In order to determine whether leaf development in Guarea is truly indeterminate, we microscopically examined leaf-tip buds of G. guidonia and G. glabra. In both species, the leaf apex remains meristematic and continues to produce new pinna primordia as the leaf ages. Unexpanded leaves of G. guidonia contained an average of 23 pinna primordia, while the oldest leaves we examined had initiated an average of 44 total pinnae. In G. glabra, unexpanded leaves contained 8 pinnae, whereas an average of 28 pinnae had been initiated on the oldest leaves. These results indicate that leaf development in Guarea is truly indeterminate. Periodic examination of individual intact leaves indicated that the leaves commonly continue their growth for 2 or more years (observed maximum = 51 months). As new leaflets are initiated at the shoot apex (and subsequently expand in rhythmic flushes), older (basal) leaflets may abscise. In addition, the petiole and rachis of the leaf thicken and become woody as a result of the activity of a vascular cambium. Guarea leaves therefore seem to function as the analogue of a typical twig (stem) in general habit as well as in their indeterminate apical growth and secondary thickening.