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1.
Stacey R Dillon Brandon Harder Kenneth B Lewis Margaret D Moore Hong Liu Thomas R Bukowski Nels B Hamacher Megan M Lantry Mark Maurer Cecile M Krejsa Jeff L Ellsworth Susan Pederson Keith B Elkon Mark H Wener Maria Dall'Era Jane A Gross 《Arthritis research & therapy》2010,12(2):1-14
Introduction
B-lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS) and a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) are members of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family that regulate B-cell maturation, survival, and function. They are overexpressed in a variety of autoimmune diseases and reportedly exist in vivo not only as homotrimers, but also as BLyS/APRIL heterotrimers.Methods
A proprietary N-terminal trimerization domain was used to produce recombinant BLyS/APRIL heterotrimers. Heterotrimer biologic activity was compared with that of BLyS and APRIL in a 4-hour signaling assay by using transmembrane activator and CAML interactor (TACI)-transfected Jurkat cells and in a 4-day primary human B-cell proliferation assay. A bead-based immunoassay was developed to quantify native heterotrimers in human sera from healthy donors (n = 89) and patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE; n = 89) or rheumatoid arthritis (RA; n = 30). Heterotrimer levels were compared with BLyS and APRIL homotrimer levels in a subset of these samples.Results
The recombinant heterotrimers consisted mostly of one BLyS and two APRIL molecules. Heterotrimer signaling did not show any significant difference compared with APRIL in the TACI-Jurkat assay. Heterotrimers were less-potent inducers of B-cell proliferation than were homotrimeric BLyS or APRIL (EC50, nMol/L: BLyS, 0.02; APRIL, 0.17; heterotrimers, 4.06). The soluble receptor fusion proteins atacicept and B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA)-immunoglobulin (Ig) neutralized the activity of BLyS, APRIL, and heterotrimers in both cellular assays, whereas B-cell activating factor belonging to the TNF family receptor (BAFF-R)-Ig neutralized only the activity of BLyS. In human sera, significantly more patients with SLE had detectable BLyS (67% versus 18%; P < 0.0001), APRIL (38% versus 3%; P < 0.0002), and heterotrimer (27% versus 8%; P = 0.0013) levels compared with healthy donors. Significantly more patients with RA had detectable APRIL, but not BLyS or heterotrimer, levels compared with healthy donors (83% versus 3%; P < 0.0001). Heterotrimer levels weakly correlated with BLyS, but not APRIL, levels.Conclusions
Recombinant BLyS/APRIL heterotrimers have biologic activity and are inhibited by atacicept and BCMA-Ig, but not by BAFF-R-Ig. A novel immunoassay demonstrated that native BLyS/APRIL heterotrimers, as well as BLyS and APRIL homotrimers, are elevated in patients with autoimmune diseases. 相似文献2.
Ellen M Ginzler Stephen Wax Anand Rajeswaran Samuel Copt Jan Hillson Eleanor Ramos Nora G Singer 《Arthritis research & therapy》2012,14(1):R33-7
Introduction
Atacicept is a soluble, fully human, recombinant fusion protein that inhibits B cell-stimulating factors APRIL (a proliferation-inducing ligand) and BLyS (B-lymphocyte stimulator). The APRIL- LN study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of atacicept in patients with active lupus nephritis (LN), receiving newly initiated corticosteroids (CS) and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF). 相似文献3.
Brief report: Lactobacillus bulgaricus GLB44 (Proviotic™) plus esomeprazole for Helicobacter pylori eradication: A pilot study 下载免费PDF全文
Background
Recent studies of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus GLB44 plus a proton‐pump inhibitor (PPI) reported cures of more than 90% of patients with active Helicobacter pylori infections.Aim
To confirm the high H. pylori cure rates reported previously.Method
A pilot study was done in healthy H. pylori‐infected volunteers using 3‐gram sachet (3 billion cells) of L. delbrueckii GLB44 plus 22.3 mg of esomeprazole b.i.d., for 14 days. The result was determined by urea breath testing 4 weeks after therapy. Stopping rules required for ending enrollment if less than 3 of the first 10 subjects were cured.Results
Nine subjects were entered and because all failed to achieve negative urea breath test, the stopping rule required the study to end.Conclusion
We were unable to confirm reports of achieving a high H. pylori cure rate with L. delbrueckii GLB44 plus a PPI. 相似文献4.
Considerable evidence points to a role for B lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS) overproduction in murine and human systemic lupus
erythematosus (SLE). Nevertheless, the correlation between circulating levels of BLyS protein and disease activity in human
SLE is modest at best. This may be due to an inadequacy of the former to reflect endogenous BLyS overproduction faithfully,
in that steady-state protein levels are affected not just by production rates but also by rates of peripheral utilization
and excretion. Increased levels of BLyS mRNA may better reflect increased in vivo BLyS production, and therefore they may correlate better with biologic and clinical sequelae of BLyS overexpression than
do circulating levels of BLyS protein. Accordingly, we assessed peripheral blood leukocyte levels of BLyS mRNA isoforms (full-length
BLyS and ΔBLyS) and plasma BLyS protein levels in patients with SLE, and correlated these levels with laboratory and clinical
features. BLyS protein, full-length BLyS mRNA, and ΔBLyS mRNA levels were greater in SLE patients (n = 60) than in rheumatoid arthritis patients (n = 60) or normal control individuals (n = 30). Although full-length BLyS and ΔBLyS mRNA levels correlated significantly with BLyS protein levels in the SLE cohort,
BLyS mRNA levels were more closely associated with serum immunoglobulin levels and SLE Disease Activity Index scores than
were BLyS protein levels. Moreover, changes in SLE Disease Activity Index scores were more closely associated with changes
in BLyS mRNA levels than with changes in BLyS protein levels among the 37 SLE patients from whom repeat blood samples were
obtained. Thus, full-length BLyS and ΔBLyS mRNA levels are elevated in SLE and are more closely associated with disease activity
than are BLyS protein levels. BLyS mRNA levels may be a helpful biomarker in the clinical monitoring of SLE patients. 相似文献
5.
Cortical beta EEG oscillations related to changes in muscle tone activity during sleep in spider monkey (Ateles geoffroyi) 下载免费PDF全文
Manuel Alejandro Cruz‐Aguilar Miguel Angel Guevara Marisela Hernández‐González Ignacio Ramírez‐Salado Enrique Hernández‐Arteaga Fructuoso Ayala‐Guerrero 《Journal of medical primatology》2018,47(1):67-74
Background
The physiological mechanisms that allow for sleeping in a vertical position, which is primordial for arboreal primates, have not been studied yet.Methods
A non‐invasive polysomnographic study of 6 spider monkeys (Ateles geoffroyi) was conducted. The relative beta power of the motor cortex and its linear relation with muscle tone in the facial mentalis muscle and the abductor caudae medialis muscle of the tail during wakefulness and sleep stages were calculated.Results
A strong negative linear relationship (r = ?.8, P = .03) was found between the relative power of the beta2 band in the left motor cortex and abductor caudae medialis muscle tone during delta sleep.Conclusions
The left motor cortex, through beta2 band activity, interacts with abductor caudae medialis muscle tonicity during delta sleep. This interaction takes part in the mechanisms that regulate the sleep postures. 相似文献6.
Benjamin GH Choo Igor Kondrichin Sergey Parinov Alexander Emelyanov William Go Wei-chang Toh Vladimir Korzh 《BMC developmental biology》2006,6(1):5-7
Background
The zebrafish, Danio rerio, is used as a model organism to study vertebrate genetics and development. An effective enhancer trap (ET) in zebrafish using the Tol2 transposon has been demonstrated. This approach could be used to study embryogenesis of a vertebrate species in real time and with high resolution. 相似文献7.
A meta‐analysis of the association between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and hyperemesis gravidarum 下载免费PDF全文
Qin Xiang Ng Nandini Venkatanarayanan Michelle Lee Zhi Qing De Deyn Collin Yih Xian Ho Yin Mo Wee‐Song Yeo 《Helicobacter》2018,23(1)
Background
Hyperemesis gravidarum remains a common, distressing, and significant yet poorly understood disorder during pregnancy. The association between maternal Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and hyperemesis gravidarum has been increasingly recognized and investigated. This study thus aimed to provide an updated review and meta‐analysis of the topic.Methods
Using the search terms (H. pyloriOR Helicobacter ORHelicobacter pyloriOR infection) AND (pregnancy OR emesis OR hyperemesis gravidarum OR nausea OR vomiting), a preliminary search on the PubMed, Ovid, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and WanFang database yielded 372 papers published in English between January 1st, 1960 and June 1st, 2017.Results
A total of 38 cross‐sectional and case‐control studies, with a total of 10 289 patients were eligible for review. Meta‐analysis revealed a significant association between H. pylori infection and hyperemesis gravidarum during pregnancy, with a pooled odds ratio of 1.348 (95% CI: 1.156‐1.539, P < .001). Subgroup analysis found that serologic and stool antigen tests were comparable methods of detecting H. pylori as they yielded similar odds ratios.Limitations
Although the studies did not have high heterogeneity (I2 = 28%), publication bias was observed, and interstudy discrepancies in the diagnostic criteria adopted for hyperemesis gravidarum limit the reliability of findings. Also, 15 of the included studies were from the same country (Turkey), which could limit the generalizability of current findings. The prevalence of H. pylori infection varies throughout the world, and there may also be pathogenic differences as most strains of H. pylori in East Asia carry the cytotoxin‐associated gene A gene.Conclusion
H. pylori infection was associated with an increased likelihood of hyperemesis gravidarum during pregnancy. Given the high prevalence of H. pylori infections worldwide, detecting H. pylori infection and the eradication of maternal H. pylori infection could be part of maternal hyperemesis gravidarum management. Further confirmation with robust longitudinal studies and mechanistic investigations are needed. 相似文献8.
B淋巴细胞刺激因子(BLyS)研究进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
B淋巴细胞刺激因子(BLyS)是1999年新发现的一种重要的细胞因子,属于肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)超家族成员.在体液免疫调控中起重要作用.它能强烈地刺激B淋巴细胞的增殖和分化并分泌大量免疫球蛋白(主要为IgM);在体外其过量表达能促进多种B系肿瘤细胞的生长.BLyS转基因小鼠出现严重的红斑狼疮样症状.对BLyS的基因和蛋白质结构、免疫调控功能、受体和信号通路及其在自身免疫性疾病和恶性肿瘤中的作用进行了综述. 相似文献
9.
Aims
This study aimed to examine heat curing effect (30–100°C) on antifungal activities of lime oil and its components (limonene, p‐cymene, β‐pinene and α‐pinene) at concentrations ranging from 100 to 300 μl ml?1 against Aspergillus niger in microbiological medium and to optimize heat curing of lime oil for efficient mould control on sedge (Lepironia articulata).Methods and Results
Broth dilution method was employed to determine lime oil minimum inhibitory concentration, which was at 90 μl ml?1 with heat curing at 70°C. Limonene, a main component of lime oil, was an agent responsible for temperature dependencies of lime oil activities observed. Response surface methodology was used to construct the mathematical model describing a time period of zero mould growth on sedge as functions of heat curing temperature and lime oil concentration. Heat curing of 90 μl ml?1 lime oil at 70°C extended a period of zero mould growth on sedge to 18 weeks under moist conditions.Conclusions
Heat curing at 70°C best enhanced antifungal activity of lime oil against A. niger both in medium and on sedge.Significance and Impact of the Study
Heat curing of lime oil has potential to be used to enhance the antifungal safety of sedge products. 相似文献10.
Aims
Bioflocculant production potential of an actinobacteria isolated from a freshwater environment was evaluated and the bioflocculant characterized.Methods and Results
16S rDNA nucleotide sequence and BLAST analysis was used to identify the actinobacteria and fermentation conditions, and nutritional requirements were evaluated for optimal bioflocculant production. Chemical analyses, FTIR, 1H NMR spectrometry and SEM imaging of the purified bioflocculant were carried out. The 16S rDNA nucleotide sequences showed 93% similarities to three Cellulomonas species (strain 794, Cellulomonas flavigena DSM 20109 and Cellulomonas flavigena NCIMB 8073), and the sequences was deposited in GenBank as Cellulomonas sp. Okoh (accession number HQ537132 ). Bioflocculant was optimally produced at an initial pH 7, incubation temperature 30°C, agitation speed of 160 rpm and an inoculum size of 2% (vol/vol) of cell density 1·5 × 108 cfu ml?1. Glucose (88·09% flocculating activity; yield: 4·04 ± 0·33 g l?1), (NH4)2NO3 (82·74% flocculating activity; yield: 4·47 ± 0·55 g l?1) and MgCl2 (90·40% flocculating activity; yield: 4·41 g l?1) were the preferred nutritional source. Bioflocculant chemical analyses showed carbohydrate, protein and uronic acids in the proportion of 28·9, 19·3 and 18·7% in CPB and 31·4, 18·7 and 32·1% in PPB, respectively. FTIR and 1H NMR indicated the presence of carboxyl, hydroxyl and amino groups amongst others typical of glycosaminoglycan. SEM imaging revealed horizontal pleats of membranous sheets closely packed.Conclusion
Cellulomonas sp. produces bioflocculant predominantly composed of glycosaminoglycan polysaccharides with high flocculation activity.Significance and Impact of the Study
High flocculation activity suggests suitability for industrial applications; hence, it may serve to replace the hazardous flocculant used in water treatment. 相似文献11.
Morphometric and morphologic parameters of the heart in healthy Alouatta guariba clamitans (Cabrera, 1940) 下载免费PDF全文
Murilo Gomes de Soutello Charlier Maurício Gianfrancesco Filippi Carolina Hagy Girotto Vanessa Lanes Ribeiro Carlos Roberto Teixeira Maria Lúcia Gomes Lourenço Luiz Carlos Vulcano 《Journal of medical primatology》2018,47(1):60-66
Background
This study aimed at assessing the heart function of one neotropical primate (Alouatta guariba clamitans) kept in captivity using radiography, electrocardiogram (ECG) and Doppler echocardiography.Methods
Ten adult healthy howler monkeys (A. g. clamitans) were evaluated under general anaesthesia. Vertebral Heart Scores (VHS) were obtained from radiographic studies. Ejection fraction, shortening fraction of left ventricle, left atrial/aortic root ratio, ascending aortic diameter, peak velocity of pulmonary, mitral, tricuspid and aortic blood flow and other values were measured by Doppler echocardiography. Heart rate, mean electrical axis of QRS complex, P, Q, R, S, T amplitude, P, PR interval, QRS, QT interval duration and ST segment unbalancing were measured by ECG.Results and conclusions
Exam techniques were akin the ones used in humans. Doppler echocardiographic, radiographic, electrocardiographic and clinical parameters for howler monkey were described and correlated. The results have shown profiles of cardiovascular function and structure of A. g. clamitans. 相似文献12.
Joyce Y Tung Mitchell P Rosen Lawrence M Nelson Paul J Turek John S Witte Daniel W Cramer Marcelle I Cedars Renee A Reijo-Pera 《Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E》2006,4(1):40-6
Background
TheDeleted-in-AZoospermia-Like (DAZL) gene has homologs required for germ cell development in many organisms. Recently, we showed that there are several common polymorphisms within theDAZL gene that are associated with age at ovarian failure/menopause and sperm count. 相似文献13.
Soil moisture effect on bacterial and fungal community in Beilu River (Tibetan Plateau) permafrost soils with different vegetation types 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
X.F. Zhang L. Zhao S.J. Xu Jr Y.Z. Liu H.Y. Liu G.D. Cheng 《Journal of applied microbiology》2013,114(4):1054-1065
Aim
This study investigated the effects of environmental variables on the bacterial and fungal communities of the Beilu River (on the Tibetan Plateau) permafrost soils with different vegetation types.Methods and Results
Microbial communities were sampled from meadow, steppe and desert steppe permafrost soils during May, June, August and November, and they were analysed by both pyrosequencing and the use of Biolog EcoPlates. The dominant bacterial and fungal phyla in meadow and steppe soils were Proteobacteria and Ascomycota, whereas Actinobacteria and Basidiomycota predominated in desert steppe soils. The bacterial communities in meadow soils degraded amines and amino acids very rapidly, while polymers were degraded rapidly by steppe communities. The RDA patterns showed that the microbial communities differed greatly between meadow, steppe and desert steppe, and they were related to variations in the soil moisture, C/N ratio and pH. A UniFrac analysis detected clear differences between the desert steppe bacterial community and others, and seasonal shifts were observed. The fungal UniFrac patterns differed significantly between meadow and steppe soils. There were significant correlations between the bacterial diversity (H′) and soil moisture (r = 0·506) and C/N (r = 0·527). The fungal diversity (Hf′) was significantly correlated with the soil pH (r = 0·541).Conclusion
The soil moisture, C/N ratio and pH were important determinants of the microbial community structure in Beilu River permafrost soils.Significance and Impact of the Study
These results may provide a useful baseline for predicting the variation in microbial communities in response to climate changes. 相似文献14.
Background
In vitro cultivation of cells allows novel investigation of in vivo- mechanisms and is a helpful tool in developmental biology, biochemistry and functional genomics. Numerous cell lines of insect species, e.g., silkworm and mosquito, have been reported. However, this is not the case for successful long-term cultivation of cells in honeybees. 相似文献15.
Vesa P Hytönen Juha AE Määttä Einari A Niskanen Juhani Huuskonen Kaisa J Helttunen Katrin K Halling Henri R Nordlund Kari Rissanen Mark S Johnson Tiina A Salminen Markku S Kulomaa Olli H Laitinen Tomi T Airenne 《BMC structural biology》2007,7(1):8
Background
The chicken genome contains a BBP-A gene showing similar characteristics to avidin family genes. In a previous study we reported that the BBP-A gene may encode a biotin-binding protein due to the high sequence similarity with chicken avidin, especially at regions encoding residues known to be located at the ligand-binding site of avidin. 相似文献16.
MIF‐173G/C (rs755622) polymorphism as a risk factor for acute lymphoblastic leukemia development in children 下载免费PDF全文
Background
Macrophage inhibitory factor (MIF) is a pro‐inflammatory cytokine modulating monocyte motility and a pleiotropic regulator of different biological and cellular processes. The MIF‐173G/C (rs755622) polymorphism is found in the promoter region and affects its activity. The present study investigated the MIF polymorphism as a risk factor for the development of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in Egyptian children.Methods
We analyzed the MIF‐173G/C (rs755622) polymorphism in 180 ALL cases and 150 healthy control children by amplification of the gene using a polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction endonuclease digestion and running on an agarose gel for visualization of the product.Results
We found a significant incidence of the homozygous polymorphic (CC) genotype and the combined polymorphic genotypes (GC + CC) in ALL patients compared to healthy controls (p = 0.001 and p = 0.007, respectively), whereas the wild‐type genotype (GG) was more common in healthy controls (p = 0.006). Multivariate logistic regression analysis adjustment for MIF different genotypes and other potential risk factors such as age, sex and parental smoking indicated that the CC genotype is the only significant risk factor for the test (p = 0.02). We also noted that, by increasing the C‐allele representation within the gene [GC, CC], there was an increase in total leukocytic count (p = 0.09 and p = 0.001, respectively) that may reflect the bad prognostic impact of the polymorphic allele, although further studies are needed.Conclusions
The results of the present study indicate that the MIF‐173G/C (rs755622) polymorphism is a risk factor for childhood ALL development with respect to both homozygous and combined polymorphic genotypes. In addition, the increased leukocytic count in synchronization with the increased representation of the polymorphic C‐allele may reflect its bad prognostic impact. 相似文献17.
Background
The mitochondrial genome of Metazoa is usually a compact molecule without introns. Exceptions to this rule have been reported only in corals and sea anemones (Cnidaria), in which group I introns have been discovered in the cox1 and nad5 genes. Here we show several lines of evidence demonstrating that introns can also be found in the mitochondria of sponges (Porifera). 相似文献18.
Barbro Lindmark Pramod Kumar Rompikuntal Karolis Vaitkevicius Tianyan Song Yoshimitsu Mizunoe Bernt Eric Uhlin Patricia Guerry Sun Nyunt Wai 《BMC microbiology》2009,9(1):220
Background
Background: Cytolethal distending toxin (CDT) is one of the well-characterized virulence factors of Campylobacter jejuni, but it is unknown how CDT becomes surface-exposed or is released from the bacterium to the surrounding environment. 相似文献19.
M. Storari R. von Rohr I. Pertot C. Gessler G.A.L. Broggini 《Journal of applied microbiology》2013,114(4):1193-1200
Aims
To develop two assays based on the loop‐mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) of DNA for the quick and specific identification of Aspergillus carbonarius and ochratoxigenic strains of the Aspergillus niger clade isolated from grapes.Methods and Results
Two sets of primers were designed based on the polyketide synthase genes involved or putatively involved in ochratoxin A (OTA) biosynthesis in A. carbonarius and A. niger clade. Hydroxynaphthol blue was used as indirect method to indicate DNA amplification. The limit of detection of both assays was comparable to that of a PCR reaction. Specificities of the reactions were tested using DNA from different black aspergilli isolated from grapes. The two LAMP assays were then used to identify A. carbonarius and ochratoxigenic A. niger and A. awamori grown in pure cultures without a prior DNA extraction.Conclusions
The two LAMP assays permitted to quickly and specifically identify DNA from OTA‐producing black aspergilli, as well as isolates grown in pure culture.Significance and Impact of the Study
Monitoring vineyards for the presence of OTA‐producing strains is part of the measures to minimize the occurrence of OTA in grape products. The two LAMP assays developed here could be potentially used to speed the screening process of vineyards for the presence of OTA‐producing black aspergilli. 相似文献20.