组织因子对肝癌细胞侵袭能力的影响

组织因子（Tissue Factor,TF）是机体外源性凝血途径的启动因子,发挥生理性止血的重要作用.近来研究表明,TF除凝血功能外尚与多种恶性肿瘤的血管生成,侵袭转移及预后密切相关.为了探讨TF对人类肝癌细胞的影响,将成功构建带有正义/反义TF cDNA的真核细胞表达质粒pcDNA3.1-TF(+)/(-)转染人肝癌细胞系HepG2,经药物筛选后获得稳定细胞克隆;应用RT-PCR和Western blot检测内源性TF mRNA及蛋白质表达水平的变化;通过体外侵袭实验进一步分析对细胞侵袭能力所造成的影响.结果显示,转染pcDNA3.1-TF(+)质粒的细胞TF表达水平明显升高,相应的其侵袭能力明显增强,而转染pcDNA3.1-TF(-)质粒的细胞TF表达水平,及体外侵袭能力显著下降.研究结果表明,TF可以增强人类肝癌细胞体外侵袭和转移能力,与肝癌的进展相关,可作为原发性肝癌治疗的一个新靶点进行研究.     

针对Oct-4和Survivin基因的双靶向shRNA腺病毒载体的构建及其对肝癌细胞的抑制作用

转录因子Oct-4和Survivin是细胞增殖的关键调控因子,构建针对Oct-4和Survivin基因的双靶向shRNA腺病毒载体Ad5-Dual-shRNA,并研究其对肝癌细胞及移植瘤的生长抑制作用。合成Oct-4和Survivin基因的shRNA序列,插入腺病毒穿梭载体pDC312,含有shRNA的穿梭载体与腺病毒骨架载体pBHGloxdeltaE13Cre共转染HEK293细胞,经Cre/LoxP位点特异性重组获得重组腺病毒Ad5-Dual-shRNA;腺病毒Ad5-Dual-shRNA感染肝癌细胞系EHBH-H1,经Western blotting检测Oct-4和Survivin基因的表达情况,用3-(4,5-二甲基噻唑-2)-2,5-二苯基四氮唑溴盐染色法(MTT实验)和裸鼠荷瘤实验检测对肿瘤细胞生长的影响。研究结果显示,双靶向重组腺病毒Ad5-Dual-shRNA感染肝癌细胞系EHBH-H1能够有效沉默Oct-4与Survivin基因的表达,并且在MTT实验和裸鼠荷瘤试验中都显示出较单一靶向的shRNA腺病毒载体Ad5-Surv-shRNA、Ad5-Oct4-shRNA具有更为明显的肿瘤细胞生长抑制作用。实验结果表明,特异性双靶向shRNA腺病毒载体Ad5-Dual-shRNA是一种更为高效的靶向肿瘤基因治疗载体。     

DLC-1基因表达对结肠癌细胞侵袭转移能力的影响

目的:研究DLC-1基因对结肠癌细胞侵袭迁移能力的影响.方法:将DLC-1 shRNA(短发夹状RNA,short hairpin RNA)序列克隆到质粒pGCsi-U6/Neo载体,采用脂质体介导的转染方法将构建的DLC-1 shRNA表达质粒转入结肠癌细胞系LoVo细胞.采用RT-PCR技术和Western Blot技术分别检测LoVo细胞中DLC-1mRNA和蛋白表达水平的变化.Transwell小室人工重组基底膜侵袭转移实验观察LoVo细胞侵袭迁移能力的改变.结果:结肠癌细胞系LoVo细胞表达DLC-1分子.所构建质粒表达载体能有效地干扰LoVo细胞DLC-1 mRNA和蛋白质表达水平;Transwell小室人工重组基底膜侵袭转移实验结果显示,转染后LoVo细胞侵袭转移能力明显增强(p＜0.05).结论:结肠癌细胞系LoVo细胞表达DLC-1基因,应用RNAi技术可特异性降低其表达.DLC-1的表达水平与结肠癌细胞侵袭转移相关.     

表达双功能融合蛋白（sCAR-EGF）腺病毒载体的构建及其活性检测

为了提高腺病毒载体用于基因治疗的靶向性,采用PCR和体外连接的方法构建了柯萨奇病毒-腺病毒受体(Coxsackievirus-AdenovirusReceptor)胞外段sCAR和表皮生长因子(Epidermalgrowthfactor)EGF融合基因,然后将此融合基因插入穿梭质粒pDC315。利用Ad-MAX腺病毒系统,将重组质粒pDC315-sCAR-EGF与腺病毒骨架质粒pBHGloxΔE13cre共同转染AD-293细胞,成功包装出一种复制缺陷型腺病毒Ad5-CMV-sCAR-EGF。经PCR鉴定该病毒含有sCAR-EGF融合基因片段,Westernblotting证实该病毒能表达sCAR-EGF融合蛋白。体外试验证实该病毒感染细胞所产生的融合蛋白能够引导携带报告基因的腺病毒Ad5-CMV-luc高水平感染肿瘤细胞,为高水平表达EGFR的肿瘤的靶向性基因治疗提供了新的手段。     

一种更有效的肝癌靶向性条件复制型腺病毒的构建及体外抑瘤作用

目的:分别构建以甲胎蛋白(alpha fetoprotein,AFP)300bp启动子和800bp增强子-300bp启动子调控复制的条件复制型腺病毒(CRAd),对两种病毒的务件复制性以及溶瘤作用进行比较,为肝癌靶向性治疗提供更优良的载体.方法:以HepG2基因组DNA为模板,PCR扩增AFP基因启动子(AFPp)和增强子(AFPe),构建表达质粒pAFPp-EGFPluc和pAFPep-EGFPluc,通过检测报告基因EGFP和luciferase的表达鉴定启动子和增强子的活性后,构建穿梭质粒pDC311-AFPp-E1A,pDC311-AFPep-E1A并包装出腺病毒Ad.AFPp-E1A和Ad.AFPep-E1A.利用Western blot、病毒增殖、细胞病变、细胞活力等鉴定并比较两种病毒的复制能力和溶瘤作用.结果:Ad.AFep-E1A和Ad.AFPep-E1A均可在AFP阳性细胞中选择性复制并且具有一定的溶瘤作用,以后者的选择复制性和溶瘤性更为明显.感染病毒Ad.AFPp-E1A后的HepG2、Hep3B细胞的存活率分别为(54.23±7.13)%、(61.18±12.63)%;感染病毒Ad.AFPep-E1A后的HepG2、Hep3B细胞存活率分别为(26.65±5.43)%、(24.49+3.31)%.结论:被截短的800bp增强子片断,在对AFP启动子起到增强作用的同时,可以为腺病毒包装进更多的治疗基因提供空间,从而为肝癌靶向治疗提供更为良好的条件复制型病毒载体.     

ppGalNac-T10对人结直肠癌细胞株LoVo的生物学特性的影响

探讨多肽N-乙酰氨基半乳糖转移酶10(ppGalNAc-T10)对人结直肠癌细胞株LoVo细胞特性的影响.ppGalNAc-T10正义真核表达载体pcDNA3.1-T10(+)、反义真核表达载体pcDNA3.1-T10(-)与空载体pcDNA3.1分别转染LoVo细胞,Western blot检测ppGalNAc-T10蛋白水平表达的变化,确定转染效果.CCK8法检测转染后各实验组细胞增殖的变化,细胞划痕实验检测细胞迁移能力的变化,穿膜实验检测细胞侵袭能力的变化.Western blot证明各实验组经转染不同ppGalNAc-T10载体后,ppGalNAc-T10蛋白表达量发生变化,转染pp-GalNAc-T10正义真核表达载体的LoVo细胞,ppGalNAc-T10的蛋白表达量增加,同时细胞的增殖受到抑制,迁移能力和侵袭能力降低;而转染ppGalNAc-T10反义真核表达载体的LoVo细胞,ppGalNAc-T10的蛋白表达量降低,细胞生长加快,迁移能力和侵袭能力增强.ppGalNAc-T10可能影响人结直肠癌细胞株LoVo细胞的增殖、迁移能力和侵袭能力.     

NLS-RARα蛋白在重组腺病毒Ad-NE感染的NB4中定位的验证

该实验主要验证重组腺病毒Ad．NE感染NB4细胞后,NLS-RARa蛋白的表达及其定位。用重组腺病毒Ad-NE感染NB4细胞,检测感染效率,分别用RT-PCR和Westernblot法在mRNA水平和蛋白水平验证转染成功：提取转染成功的NB4细胞的核蛋白,Westernblot法检测细胞核中NLS—RARα蛋白的表达;FITC—AnnexinV／DAPI双染色免疫荧光法检测转染成功的NB4细胞NLS-RARα的表达及定位;FITC—AnnexinV／PI双染色激光共聚焦法检测转染成功的NB4细胞中PNLS-RARα的表达及定位。结果显示,重组腺病毒Ad—NE和阴性对照腺病毒Ad-KZ对NB4细胞的感染效率可达70％～80％。RT-PCR和Westernblot结果显示,感染了重组腺病毒Ad—NLS-RAR的NB4细胞成功表龇基因和NE蛋白,且有NLS．RARa的蛋白表达。用细胞免疫荧光法、激光共聚焦法检测出已感染的NB4细胞中NLS—RARer蛋白的表达,并推测其主要定位于胞核。综上所述,该文成功用重组腺病毒Ad-NE感染NB4细胞,并用Westernblot法、免疫荧光法、激光共聚焦法验证了NLS-RARα蛋白的存在并推测其定位,为进一步研究急性早幼粒细胞白血病的早期诊断及复发监测提供了新的思路。     

人CUIAA重组腺病毒载体的构建及其在PC-12细胞中的表达特点

目的构建并鉴定带有绿色荧光蛋白（green fluorescence protein,GFP）报告基因的人源CUL4A（hCUIAA）基因腺病毒表达载体Ad—hCUIAA—GFP,探求bCUIAA在PC-12细胞中的表达特点。方法扩增hCUIAA基因,并通过In—FusionPCR克隆技术构建穿梭质粒pDC315-EGFP—hCUIAA,利用AdMaxTM腺病毒包装系统将该穿梭质粒与腺病毒表达载体骨架质粒pBHGloxAEl,E3Cre共转染HEK293细胞,经GFP荧光检测和Western印迹检测确认hCUIAA的表达后,进一步通过病毒扩增及纯化得到hCUL4A重组腺病毒载体Ad—hCUIAA—GFP。将该载体转染Pc—12细胞,观察hCUIAA—GFP融合蛋白在Pc-12细胞中的表达情况。结果成功获得了较高滴度的腺病毒载体Ad—hCUIAA—GFP（1．6×10^12pfu／m1）。荧光检测表明,Ad—hCUIAA—GFP转染Pc-12细胞后72h内,病毒转染率随着时间和病毒转染滴度的增加而增加。DAPI细胞核荧光染色结果表明,hCUIAA—GFP的表达主要集中在细胞质部分。GFP荧光检测及Western印迹检测结果显示,hCUIAA—GFP在Pc-12细胞中的表达量随时间和病毒转染滴度的增加而增加。结论带GFP的hCUIAA重组腺病毒载体Ad—hCUIAA—GFP构建成功,掌握了其转染Pc-12细胞的最佳滴度及其在Pc-12细胞中的时空表达特点,为今后对hCUIAA在PC-12细胞中的功能性研究奠定了基础。     

ODC, AdoMetDC双反义腺病毒对肺癌增殖和侵袭抑制作用的体外和体内研究

鸟氨酸脱羧酶(ODC)和S-甲硫氨酸脱羧酶(AdoMetDC)是多胺体内合成的2个关键酶.研究腺病毒Ad-ODC-AdoMetDCas介导的ODC和AdoMetDC反义RNA对肺癌多胺合成,细胞增殖以及侵袭的抑制作用.用活细胞计数和流式细胞术分别检测Ad-ODCas和Ad-ODC-AdoMetDCas对肺癌A-549细胞增殖的影响,蛋白质印迹和HPLC方法分别检测腺病毒对肺癌A-549细胞中ODC和AdoMetDC蛋白表达以及胞内多胺含量的抑制作用,TUNEL标记检测法观察Ad-ODC-AdoMetDCas对肺癌细胞凋亡的影响,Matrigel侵袭实验分析腺病毒对肺癌A-549细胞侵袭活性的改变,裸鼠皮下移植瘤模型研究Ad-ODC-AdoMetDCas对体内肺癌生长的抑制作用.实验结果显示,Ad-ODC-AdoMetDCas明显抑制肺癌A-549细胞的增殖,导致细胞凋亡,显著降低肺癌A-549细胞的体外侵袭能力,肺癌A-549细胞感染Ad-ODC-AdoMetDCas后细胞内3种多胺含量都明显降低,Ad-ODC-AdoMetDCas对已形成的裸鼠皮下移植瘤具有明显的抑制作用.实验表明,ODC和AdoMetDC双反义腺病毒具有显著抑制肺癌增殖和侵袭的作用,对于肺癌的防治研究具有一定的前景.     

ODC,AdoMetDC双反义腺病毒对肺癌增殖和侵袭制作用的体外和体内研究

鸟氨酸脱羧酶(ODC)和S-甲硫氨酸脱羧酶(AdoMetDC)是多胺体内合成的2个关键酶.研究腺病毒Ad-ODC-AdoMetDCas介导的ODC和AdoMetDC反义RNA对肺癌多胺合成,细胞增殖以及侵袭的抑制作用.用活细胞计数和流式细胞术分别检测Ad-ODCas和Ad-ODC-AdoMetDCas对肺癌A-549细胞增殖的影响,蛋白质印迹和HPLC方法分别检测腺病毒对肺癌A-549细胞中ODC和AdoMetDC蛋白表达以及胞内多胺含量的抑制作用,TUNEL标记检测法观察Ad-ODC-AdoMetDCas对肺癌细胞凋亡的影响,Matrigel侵袭实验分析腺病毒对肺癌A-549细胞侵袭活性的改变,裸鼠皮下移植瘤模型研究Ad-ODC-AdoMetDCas对体内肺癌生长的抑制作用.实验结果显示,Ad-ODC-AdoMetDCas明显抑制肺癌A-549细胞的增殖,导致细胞凋亡,显著降低肺癌A-549细胞的体外侵袭能力,肺癌A-549细胞感染Ad-ODC-AdoMetDCas后细胞内3种多胺含量都明显降低,Ad-ODC-AdoMetDCas对已形成的裸鼠皮下移植瘤具有明显的抑制作用.实验表明,ODC和AdoMetDC双反义腺病毒具有显著抑制肺癌增殖和侵袭的作用,对于肺癌的防治研究具有一定的前景.     

结缔组织生长因子基因RNA干扰复制缺陷型腺病毒载体的构建及鉴定

目的：构建能介导结缔组织生长因子（CTGF）基因RNA干扰的复制缺陷型腺病毒表达载体。方法：以大鼠CTGF基因为靶序列,设计并合成含编码短发夹RNA序列的寡核苷酸,构建腺病毒穿梭质粒P-shuttle-CTGF,酶切及测序分析正确后,与腺病毒骨架质粒pAdEasy-1共转染AD-293细胞,进行病毒包装,得到腺病毒载体Ad．H1-CTGF,用该载体感染HSC-T6细胞,观察其对CTGF基因表达抑制的效果。结果：构建的腺病毒穿梭质粒p-shuttle-CTGF经酶切、测序分析证实正确;包装的病毒载体滴度为4×1010PFU／mL,感染HSC-T6细胞后,Western印迹证实CTGF表达显著减少。结论：构建的腺病毒载体Ad．H1-CTGF可有效抑制HSC-T6中CTGF的表达,为抗纤维化研究提供了有力的工具。     

Isolation and analysis of adenovirus type 5 mutants containing deletions in the gene encoding the DNA-binding protein.

A genetic system is described which allows the isolation and propagation of adenovirus mutants containing lesions in early region 2A (E2A), the gene encoding the multifunctional adenovirus DNA-binding protein (DBP). A cloned E2A gene was first mutagenized in vitro and then was introduced into the viral genome by in vivo recombination. The E2A mutants were propagated by growth in human cell lines which express an integrated copy of the DBP gene under the control of a dexamethasone-inducible promoter (D. F. Klessig, D. E. Brough, and V. Cleghon, Mol. Cell. Biol. 4:1354-1362, 1984). The protocol was used to construct five adenovirus mutants, Ad5d1801 through Ad5d1805, which contained deletions in E2A. One of the mutants, Ad5d1802, made no detectable DBP and thus represents the first DBP-negative adenovirus mutant, while the four other mutants made truncated DBP-related polypeptides. All five mutants were completely defective for growth and plaque formation on HeLa cell monolayers. Furthermore, the two mutants which were tested, Ad5d1801 and Ad5d1802, did not replicate their DNA in HeLa cells. The mutant Ad5d1804 encoded a truncated DBP-related protein which contained an entire amino-terminal domain derived from the host range mutant Ad5hr404, a variant of Ad5 which multiplies efficiently in monkey cells. While results of a previous study suggest that the amino-terminal domain of DBP could act independently of the carboxyl-terminal domain to enhance late gene expression in monkey cells, the Ad5d1804 polypeptide failed to relieve the block to late viral protein synthesis in monkey cells. The mutant Ad5d1802 was used to study the role of DBP in the regulation of early adenovirus gene expression in infected HeLa cells. These experiments show that E2A mRNA levels are consistently reduced approximately fivefold in Ad5d1802-infected cells, suggesting either a role for DBP in the expression of its own gene or a cis-acting defect caused by the E2A deletion. DBP does not appear to play a significant role in the regulation of adenovirus early regions 1A, 1B, 3, or 4 mRNA levels in infected HeLa cell monolayers since wild-type Ad5- and Ad5d1802-infected cells showed very little difference in the patterns of expression of these genes.     

Infection with Host-Range Mutant Adenovirus 5 Suppresses Innate Immunity and Induces Systemic CD4+ T Cell Activation in Rhesus Macaques

Ad5 is a common cause of respiratory disease and an occasional cause of gastroenteritis and conjunctivitis, and seroconversion before adolescence is common in humans. To gain some insight into how Ad5 infection affects the immune system of rhesus macaques (RM) 18 RM were infected with a host-range mutant Ad5 (Ad5hr) by 3 mucosal inoculations. There was a delay of 2 to 6 weeks after the first inoculation before plasmacytoid dendritic cell (pDC) frequency and function increased in peripheral blood. Primary Ad5hr infection suppressed IFN-γ mRNA expression, but the second Ad5hr exposure induced a rapid increase in IFN-gamma mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Primary Ad5hr infection suppressed CCL20, TNF and IL-1 mRNA expression in PBMC, and subsequent virus exposures further dampened expression of these pro-inflammatory cytokines. Primary, but not secondary, Ad5hr inoculation increased the frequency of CXCR3+ CD4+ T cells in blood, while secondary, but not primary, Ad5hr infection transiently increased the frequencies of Ki67+, HLADR+ and CD95+/CCR5+ CD4+ T cells in blood. Ad5hr infection induced polyfunctional CD4 and CD8+ T cells specific for the Ad5 hexon protein in all of the animals. Thus, infection with Ad5hr induced a complex pattern of innate and adaptive immunity in RM that included transient systemic CD4+ T cell activation and suppressed innate immunity on re-exposure to the virus. The complex effects of adenovirus infection on the immune system may help to explain the unexpected results of testing Ad5 vector expressing HIV antigens in Ad5 seropositive people.     

The adenovirus E3 14.7-kilodalton protein which inhibits cytolysis by tumor necrosis factor increases the virulence of vaccinia virus in a murine pneumonia model.

The 14.7-kilodalton protein (14.7K protein) encoded by the adenovirus (Ad) E3 region inhibits tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha)-mediated lysis of cells in tissue culture experiments, but the relevance of this effect in vivo is incompletely understood. To examine the effect of the ability of the Ad 14.7K protein to block TNF lysis upon viral pathogenesis in a murine model, we cloned the 14.7K protein-encoding gene into vaccinia virus (VV), permitting its study in isolation from other Ad E3 immunomodulatory proteins. The gene for murine TNF-alpha was inserted into the same VV containing the 14.7K gene to ensure that each cell infected with the VV recombinant would express both the agonist (TNF) and its antagonist (14.7K). VV was utilized as the vector because it accommodates large and multiple inserts of foreign DNA with faithful, high-level expression of the protein products. In addition, infection of mice with VV induces disease with quantifiable morbidity, mortality, and virus replication. The results of intranasal infections of BALB/c mice with these VV recombinants indicate that the Ad 14.7K protein increases the virulence of VV carrying the TNF-alpha gene by reversing the attenuating effect of TNF-alpha on VV pathogenicity. This was demonstrated by increased mortality, pulmonary pathology, and viral titers in lung tissue following infection with VV coexpressing the 14.7K protein and TNF-alpha, compared with the control virus expressing TNF-alpha alone. These results suggest that the 14.7K protein, which is nonessential for Ad replication in tissue culture, is an immunoregulatory protein which functions in vivo to help counteract the antiviral effects of TNF-alpha.     

Adenovirus proteins associated with mRNA and hnRNA in infected HeLa cells.

The proteins that interact with cytoplasmic and nuclear polyadenylated RNA in adenovirus type 5 (Ad5) infection of HeLa cells were examined by UV-induced RNA-protein cross-linking in intact cells. The Ad5 100-kilodalton late nonvirion protein (100K protein) was cross-linked to both host and viral polyadenylated cytoplasmic RNA (mRNA). The cross-linking of the 100K protein to mRNA appears to correlate with productive infection, because the protein is not cross-linked to mRNA in abortive infection of wild-type Ad5 in monkey cells (CV-1) even though normal amounts of it are produced. However, when CV-1 cells are infected with Ad5 hr404, and Ad5 mutant which overcomes the host restriction to wild-type Ad5 infection in these cells, the 100K protein is cross-linked to mRNA. To identify and obtain antibodies to RNA-contacting proteins, a mouse was immunized with oligo(dT)-selected cross-linked RNA-protein complexes from Ad5-infected cells and the serum was used for immunoblotting experiments. It was found that in addition to the 100K protein, the Ad5 72K DNA-binding protein is also associated with RNA in the infected cells. The 72K DNA-binding protein is cross-linked to polyadenylated nuclear RNA sequences. These findings indicate that adenovirus proteins interact with RNAs in the infected cell and suggest possible mechanisms for the effects of the virus on mRNA metabolism.