不同诱导处理对番茄叶片营养物质含量及防御酶活性的影响

本文研究了番茄在不同时间下受西花蓟马Frankliniella occidentalis危害(DTF)、机械损伤(MW)、茉莉酸(JA)和水杨酸甲酯(MeSA)外源诱导后,叶片营养物质含量和防御酶活性的变化。结果表明:各种诱导处理24 h和36 h时,番茄叶片可溶性蛋白和可溶性糖含量不同程度的下降,其中虫害处理36 h时,叶片可溶性蛋白和可溶性糖含量下降最明显;在48 h时除水杨酸甲酯处理外,番茄营养物质含量均显著升高。β-1,3葡聚糖酶(PR-2)活性在虫害、机械损伤和茉莉酸处理24 h和36 h后均升高,其中虫害处理的PR-2活性最高。各种处理均能诱导番茄叶片苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)活性明显升高,且均随时间的延长持续升高。所有处理24 h时的番茄叶片多酚氧化酶(PPO)均被激发。各种处理均能导致植株的脂氧合酶(LOX)活性升高,但不同处理诱导的LOX活性升高的时间不同。结果表明,番茄能通过改变营养物质含量和防御酶活性对不同诱导处理作出生理应激反应,但反应程度与诱导方式和时间有关。     

Bt玉米秸秆杀虫蛋白对赤子爱胜蚓酶活性的影响

Bt玉米分泌的Bt蛋白可通过秸秆还田、根系分泌、花粉飘落等途径进入土壤.本文模拟秸秆还田,在土壤中添加5%或7.5%的Bt玉米及其同源常规玉米秸秆饲养赤子爱胜蚓,分别于7、14d后检测蚯蚓总蛋白含量、乙酰胆碱酯酶(AchE)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)的活性.结果表明:同一玉米品种,同一秸秆添加量处理下,与培养7d相比,培养14d的蚯蚓总蛋白含量下降,AchE、CAT和SOD酶活性提高,GSH-PX酶活性降低.同一培养时间、同一秸秆添加量处理下,与常规相比,Bt玉米培养的蚯蚓SOD活性提高,AchE和GSH-PX活性下降,总蛋白含量和CAT活性无显著变化.表明Bt玉米秸秆处理对蚯蚓总蛋白没有抑制作用,能降低AchE和GSH-PX活性,对CAT没有诱导作用,但在短时间内能诱导蚯蚓SOD酶活性.     

花椰菜(Brassica oleracea var botrytis)下胚轴培养过程中过氧化物酶活性及同工酶谱的变化

花椰菜下胚轴外植体在MS+6BA 5 ppm的培养基上能分化出芽,在MS+2,4-D2ppm的培养基上能脱分化而形成愈伤组织。用3种不同的酚类物质(咖啡酸、阿魏酸、愈创木酚及联苯胺)作氢供体发现分化过程中的过氧化物酶活性高于脱分化过程,其中以咖啡酸作氢供体显示的活性最高,阿魏酸及愈创木酚次之,而联苯胺最小。用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分离阴极向及阳极向过氧化物酶同工酶,在分化及脱分化培养过程中均不断出现新的酶带,前者有13条,后者为11条,两者的差别主要在阴极向酶带,在分化过程中多了两条酶带(C_1和C_3),同时C_2带活性也比脱分化的高。阳极向酶带也有差别,A_2和A_2两条酶带在分化过程中逐渐加强,但是在脱分化过程中却逐渐消失。反映了两个过程生理上的差别。     

NaCl胁迫对螺旋藻生长及抗氧化酶活性的影响

在0.1％～5.0％NaCl浓度范围的培养基中培养极大螺旋藻(Spirulina maxima),发现NaCl浓度高于2.0％时螺旋藻生长受到明显抑制。培养7天后测定超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(ASA-POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量。结果表明：在盐胁迫下,SOD酶活性升高;抗坏血酸过氧化物酶和过氧化氢酶活性在低盐胁迫下活性升高,高盐胁迫下抗坏血酸过氧化物酶活性迅速降低,过氧化物酶则完全失活;MDA含量先随盐胁迫程度增加而降低,后随盐胁迫的进一步增强恢复至对照水平。     

寡糖对向日葵叶片细胞病程相关蛋白及细胞壁物质的诱导作用

用寡糖对向日葵叶片进行喷雾,研究了该寡糖对向日葵叶片细胞内几丁质酶和β-1,3-葡聚糖酶2种病程相关蛋白(PRs蛋白)以及木质素、富含羟脯氨酸蛋白(HRGP)2种细胞壁物质含量的影响.结果表明,经寡糖处理后,向日葵叶片中β-1,3-葡聚糖酶和几丁质酶的活性均升高,最高值分别比同期CK增加36.38%和6.35%;木质素及HRGP含量也诱导增加,最高值分别比同期CK显著增加39.15%和47.13%.在寡糖处理后接种病原菌的向日葵叶片中,β-1,3-葡聚糖酶及细胞壁物质被诱导合成,且合成量均较单独寡糖处理与单独接种锈菌处理要高.研究发现,诱导向日葵幼苗叶片的几丁质酶、β-1,3-葡聚糖酶活性增强和细胞壁木质素、HRGP含量增加,可能是寡糖预处理增强向日葵抗锈性的内在机制.     

外源H_2S对NO_3~-胁迫下番茄幼苗生理生化特性的影响

采用营养液水培方法,通过外源施加H2S供体NaHS(100μmol/L),研究了信号分子H2S对100mmol/L NO3-胁迫下番茄幼苗生理生化特性的影响。结果表明:(1)NO3-胁迫下,随着处理时间的延长,番茄幼苗的株高、根长、鲜重和干重显著降低,叶绿素(a、b)含量、净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率均显著降低,而胞间CO2浓度以及丙二醛(MDA)、H2O2含量增加,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)活性显著降低,抗坏血酸(AsA)和还原性谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量显著降低。(2)与NO3-胁迫处理相比,外源NaHS处理1、3、5d后,番茄幼苗的株高、根长、鲜重和干重显著增加,叶绿素(a、b)含量、净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率均显著升高,而胞间CO2浓度显著降低;MDA和H2O2含量降低,SOD、POD、CAT和APX活性显著增强,AsA和GSH含量显著增加,而且幼苗的硝酸还原酶、谷氨酰胺合成酶、谷氨酸合酶的活性显著增强;L-半胱氨酸脱巯基酶活性和内源H2S含量增加。研究认为,外源H2S可能通过提高抗氧化物酶的活性和增加抗氧化物质含量来缓解NO3-对番茄幼苗造成的伤害,从而增强其对NO3-胁迫耐性。     

不同诱导处理番茄植株对西花蓟马保护酶活性的影响

研究了西花蓟马取食茉莉酸、水杨酸甲酯、机械损伤、虫伤处理诱导的番茄植株对其虫体保护酶活性的影响。研究发现,不同处理的番茄植株对西花蓟马过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)3种保护酶的活性有明显的影响。只有西花蓟马取食茉莉酸处理的番茄植株24 h,POD活性明显升高,取食其它处理及在其它时间下,POD活性与对照没有明显的变化或活性受到抑制。取食水杨酸甲酯处理的番茄植株6 h和24 h,西花蓟马CAT活性均受到激发;取食虫害植株的3个时间段下,西花蓟马酶活性一直受到抑制;西花蓟马取食茉莉酸处理及机械损伤处理番茄植株,CAT酶活性在任何时间下都没有明显的变化或受到抑制。取食水杨酸诱导处理的番茄植株,西花蓟马SOD活性在6 h和24 h明显升高,36 h明显下降;但取食其它处理的SOD酶活性均在36 h明显升高。结果说明西花蓟马3种保护酶活性在取食不同处理诱导的番茄植株的不同时间下各不相同,说明保护酶活性的变化与不同诱导处理及时间密切相关。     

黑暗和光照对丹参培养细胞生长和生理生化特性的影响

以丹参(Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge)幼嫩叶片为外植体,在Ms 2,4-D0.5mg/L 6BA1．5mg/L培养基上诱导形成愈伤组织,愈伤组织置于不同条件下培养。探讨丹参细胞培养过程中蛋白质、酶活性的变化与细胞生长周期之间的关系。结果显示黑暗和光照下,培养细胞的生长周期为27天;可溶性蛋白含量和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性均出现两个明显峰值,而过氧化物酶(POD)活性变化较复杂。丹参细胞生长呈“S”形周期性变化,其可溶性蛋白、酶活性也呈相应的周期性变化。     

钙对根际低氧胁迫下黄瓜幼苗活性氧代谢的影响

采用营养液栽培系统,以黄瓜品种中农8号为材料,研究了Ca2 对根际低氧胁迫下黄瓜幼苗体内超氧阴离子(O2?-)、过氧化氢(H2O2)、丙二醛(MDA)含量和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)、谷胱苷肽还原酶(GR)活性的影响.结果表明:低氧胁迫下黄瓜体内活性氧含量和保护酶活性均高于对照;低氧缺钙处理的活性氧含量最高,而保护酶活性却较低;营养液Ca2 浓度提高到8mmol/L后,显著降低了低氧胁迫下黄瓜幼苗体内MDA、H2O2含量和O?2-产生速率,提高了SOD、POD、CAT、APX、GR活性,说明Ca2 可减少低氧胁迫下黄瓜幼苗体内活性氧的产生,提高抗氧化酶的活性、降低膜脂过氧化水平,减缓低氧胁迫对植株的伤害,增强黄瓜幼苗对低氧逆境的适应性.     

外源NO缓解蝴蝶兰低温胁迫伤害的生理机制研究

以蝴蝶兰品种‘台湾黄金’幼苗(苗龄15个月)为试验材料,通过叶面喷施200μmol·L-1的NO供体硝普钠(SNP),低温胁迫(昼/夜:12℃/7℃)处理5d和10d,分别测定叶片电解质渗漏率、丙二醛(MDA)含量、pH、渗透调节物质含量及几种保护酶活性,探讨外源NO缓解蝴蝶兰低温胁迫伤害的生理机制。结果表明:低温胁迫条件下,预施SNP处理可以有效抑制蝴蝶兰叶片电解质渗漏率、MDA含量和pH的上升,显著提高叶片可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白及脯氨酸(Pro)含量,显著延缓超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)等抗氧化酶活性的下降,增强多酚氧化酶(PPO)和苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)的活性。研究认为,外源NO供体SNP可以通过保护蝴蝶兰幼苗的细胞膜系统,增加渗透调节物质含量,提高保护酶活性来减轻低温胁迫对蝴蝶兰幼苗的伤害,提高其抗低温胁迫的能力。     

Development of adventitious shoots from <Emphasis Type="Italic">in vitro</Emphasis> grown <Emphasis Type="Italic">Cydonia oblonga</Emphasis> leaves as influenced by different cytokinins and treatment duration

The effects of three cytokinins, kinetin 4.5 M (Kin), 6-benzylaminopurine 4.5 M (BA) and N-phenyl-N1,2,3- thiadiazol-5-yl-urea 4.5 M (TDZ), and the effects of different treatment duration on the regeneration of adventitious shoots from quince (Cydonia oblonga Mill.) leaves were studied. In a first experiment, leaves treated with Kin for 0, 8, 16 and 24 d were transferred to BA or TDZ-containing growth medium. In a second experiment TDZ applied for 0, 4, 8, 12, 16 and 24 d was followed by BA. All treatments included 0.5 M -naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). In the sequence Kin-BA, the production of adventitious shoots decreased and reddish-coloured nodular structures (RNS) of meristematic appearance increased with increasing duration of Kin treatment, while somatic embryo formation was optimal at 8 d. In the Kin-TDZ sequence, shoot production was initially pronounced, but it declined with increasing duration of the Kin treatment, while the number of roots, somatic embryos and RNS increased. TDZ-BA treatments induced marked shoot production, which gradually increased with increasing duration of TDZ treatment. The presence of TDZ and a long treatment duration appeared to be very important factors in inducing caulogenesis. Kin appeared to be effective in shoot induction but not in shoot development; the results of this work demonstrate that RNS were adventitious shoots blocked at an early developmental stage on account of insufficient cytokinin activity. BA was less effective than TDZ in inducing shoot regeneration. Finally, both Kin and BA applied after 2,4-D treatment promoted somatic embryo induction.     

TDZ和CPPU对红掌快速繁殖的影响

以红掌带主脉叶切片、叶柄切段为外植体,研究TDZ和CPPU对其快速繁殖的影响。结果表明,在愈伤组织诱导上,与6-BA相比,TDZ和CPPU具有更强的诱导外植体脱分化活性;TDZ 1.0mg/L和6-BA0.5mg/L配比是诱导红掌外植体脱分化的最佳配方,与其它培养基比较,愈伤组织诱导率提高50.0%~166.0%。在附加TDZ 0.3mg/L+NAA 0.1~0.4mg/L或CPPU 0.3mg/L+NAA 0.1~0.4mg/L的MS培养基上,愈伤组织均能很好分化,并能长成完整植株。     

Effects of cadmium and kinetin on chlorophyll content,saccharides and dry matter accumulation in sunflower plants

Cadmium (Cd) and kinetin (Kin) significantly affected the growth and contents of chlorophyll (Chl) and of soluble and reserve (hydrolysable) saccharides in sunflower plants. Cd-treated plants had lower contents of Chl and soluble saccharides and produced less dry matter than control (Cd-untreated) plants. Chla stability to heat (CSI) increased at all Cd concentrations. The same was true for Chlb stability (0–10 μM Cd). Spraying sunflower shoots with Kin solutions counteracted the deleterious effects of Cd. Kin application enhanced the Chla andb contents, Chla/b ratio, content of soluble saccharides and dry matter, and to less extent Chl stability. The relative role of Kin in affecting the parameters tested (as indicated by η² values) was predominant while that of Cd was subsidiary except for Chla stability. The role of Cd×Kin interaction was dominant for hydrolysable saccharides. Hence spraying shoots of plants grown under increasing Cd concentration with Kin can partially alleviate inhibitory effects of cadmium.     

Effect of culture medium and illumination on the acid invertase activity in callus of Medicago strasseri

The different acid invertase activity (total, soluble, wall-bound and extracellular) in calli induced on explants (cotyledon, petiole, hypocotyl and leaf) originated from Medicago strasseri seedlings were evaluated. In cultures subjected to 16 h photoperiod, the highest total, soluble and extracellular activities were found in calli from leaves cultured in medium 12 (MS with 0.01 mg·dm⁻³ (0.045 μM) of TDZ), elevated amounts of total and wall-bound invertase being found in calli induced on petioles in 12G medium (MS with 0.01 mg·dm⁻³ (0.045 μM) TDZ and 3.104 mg·dm⁻³ glycerol). In cultures maintained in darkness, the activity detected was lower than that observed in cultures under light conditions. The highest amounts of enzyme was bound in calli cultured on medium 12 (total and extracellular invertase) -leaves- and medium 12D (MS with 0.001 mg·dm⁻³ (0.0045 μM) TDZ) (soluble invertase) -using hypocotyls. In general, the different forms of invertase activity studied seem to appear in greatest amounts in calli induced under light conditions using leaves as explant and TDZ as growth regulator.     

丛枝菌根真菌对盐胁迫下黄瓜幼苗渗透调节物质含量和抗氧化酶活性的影响

以盐敏感型黄瓜品种‘津春2号’为材料,研究了丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)对盐胁迫下黄瓜幼苗生长及叶片、根系中渗透调节物质含量和抗氧化酶活性的影响.结果表明:(1)在盐胁迫条件下,黄瓜幼苗生长受到明显抑制,其株高、地上部、地下部干鲜重均明显减小,同时体内可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖、脯氨酸和MDA含量,以及O2(÷)产生速率和SOD、POD、CAT活性均比对照显著升高.(2)盐胁迫下接种AMF可显著促进黄瓜植株的生长,进一步提高黄瓜幼苗体内可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖和脯氨酸含量及SOD、POD、CAT活性,而显著降低MDA含量和O2(÷)产生速率.研究表明,AMF可通过显著促进盐胁迫下黄瓜幼苗体内渗透调节物质积累和抗氧化酶活性提高,有效降低体内膜脂过氧化水平,从而缓解盐胁迫对植株的伤害,增强黄瓜幼苗对盐胁迫的耐性.     

The effect of thidiazuron level on in vitro regeneration type and peroxidase profile in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Eucalyptus microtheca</Emphasis> F. Muell

The green twigs of 1-year-old Eucalyptus microtheca F. Muell seedlings were cultured on modified MS medium, supplemented with α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and kinetin (Kin) hormones at 12 different concentrations. After 4 weeks, the combination of 1 mg l⁻¹ NAA + 1 mg l⁻¹ Kin induced the highest number of axillary shoots. Meanwhile, embryogenic calli were observed in media containing 4 mg l⁻¹ NAA + 0.5 mg l⁻¹ Kin, without any regeneration. The hormone treatments were followed by subculturing the twigs in different levels of thidiazuron (TDZ). The combination of 1 mg l⁻¹ NAA + 1 mg l⁻¹ Kin together with 0.01 mg l⁻¹ TDZ resulted in an increase of direct shoot, while higher amounts of TDZ led to adventitious shoot induction. Somatic embryogenesis was observed in the treatment containing 0.01 mg l⁻¹ TDZ + 4 mg l⁻¹ NAA + 0.5 mg l⁻¹Kin. The peroxidase (POD) band patterns in regenerated plantlets were investigated in order to determine the effect of different levels of TDZ on loci synthesis. A dimer locus, a tetramer locus and two epigenetic bands (a new band for NAA + Kin and the other for TDZ) were observed in the POD profiles. In case of low (0.01 mg l⁻¹ and 0.1 mg l⁻¹) levels of TDZ, one heterozygote allele was disappeared from dimer locus, while at higher TDZ levels, the dimer locus lost its stability and tetramer locus showed a high activity. Thus, POD allele patterns seems to be a feasible marker for different types of regeneration.     

栓皮栎幼苗对土壤干旱胁迫的生理响应

以栓皮栎一年生盆栽苗为实验材料,采用称重控水的方法,设置不同土壤水分胁迫梯度,系统分析其幼苗在不同干旱胁迫条件下的生理生化响应特征,以探索栓皮栎耐旱特性.结果显示:(1)栓皮栎幼苗叶片中3种保护酶(SOD、POD、CAT)活性在对照(CK,土壤相对含水量19.5％～21.5％)条件下保持稳定,而中度干旱(T2,9.5％～11.5％)和重度干旱(T3,5.5％～7.5％)条件下,随着胁迫时间的延长呈先增高后降低的趋势,且变化的幅度在不同胁迫强度下存在差异.(2)在整个干旱胁迫过程中,各胁迫处理叶片丙二醛(MDA)含量均呈上升趋势,不同胁迫强度的变化幅度不同;叶片中的可溶性蛋白含量和根系活力随着干旱胁迫程度的增强呈先增高后降低的趋势.(3)栓皮栎幼苗叶片的脯氨酸含量随着干旱胁迫时间的延长表现出先增加后降低的趋势;叶片叶绿素a、叶绿素b、总叶绿素含量以及叶绿素a/b值均呈逐渐降低的趋势.研究表明,栓皮栎幼苗在短期和轻度干旱胁迫下通过提高自身的保护酶活性、增加可溶性蛋白和脯氨酸含量、提高根系活力等来抵御干旱环境的伤害,从而表现出较强的耐旱特性;而在重度干旱胁迫条件下,栓皮栎幼苗自我调节能力丧失,体内代谢紊乱,导致保护酶活性、可溶性蛋白、脯氨酸含量和根系活力等下降,从而受到干旱伤害.     

Role of kinetin in alleviation of copper and zinc toxicity in Lupinus termis plants

The effect of exogenous kinetin application on the growth and some physiological processes of Lupinus termis plants growing in metal containing solutions with excess concentrations of Cu and Zn ion were studied. Generally, plants growing in these solutions had a lower chlorophyll (Chl.) content, leaf relative water content (RWC) and produced less biomass than the control plants. Proline content was higher in metal-treated plants than in untreated controls. Chromatography of cell-free-extracts of roots and shoots indicated three main protein peaks with molecular weights about 170, 75--70 and 5--45 kDa. These peaks were coincident with Cu or Zn maxima. Addition of kinetin reduced the decline in Chl. content in metal-treated plants, improved water status of the plants and enhanced growth of the shoots and roots. The Cu or Zn content expressed on a per mg protein basis was raised when kinetin was applied to the growing shoots. Kinetin (Kin), Cu and Zn, singly and in the presence of kinetin (Cu × Kin and Zn × Kin), significantly affected the parameters tested. Only the effects of Cu × Kin and Zn × Kin interactions on shoot fresh weight and Cu × Kin on root length were statistically insignificant. Based on the calculated coefficient of determination ( ²) the roles of Cu and Zn in affecting Chl. content and growth were dominant in comparison to kinetin. Kinetin effect was dominant for root length and proline content, but the role of the interaction was subdominant. The results of this study indicate that kinetin can alleviate the harmful effects of Cu and Zn on the growth of lupin plants through stimulation of Cu and Zn incorporation into metal-binding proteins.     

Impacts of freeze-thaw processes on antioxidant activities and osmolyte contents of Syntrichia caninervis under different desert microhabitats

 齿肋赤藓(Syntrichia caninervis)作为典型的耐旱藓类, 广泛分布于世界干旱和半干旱荒漠地区, 是古尔班通古特沙漠生物土壤结皮中的优势藓类植物。该沙漠冬季具有稳定的降雪, 初春的积雪融化为植物的生长提供了良好的水热条件。荒漠藓类植物叶片仅具一层细胞, 对外界环境的变化十分敏感, 有关荒漠藓类植物在冬季和早春地表冻融交替过程中如何适应环境剧烈变化的研究鲜见报道。该研究探讨了生长于3种不同微生境(活灌丛、枯死灌丛和裸露地)下的齿肋赤藓, 经由冬季低温冻结到早春融雪复水再到春季中旬自然干燥过程中的生理生化变化特征。结果表明: 不同冻融期、微生境及二者的交互作用能够显著影响齿肋赤藓的渗透调节物质(游离脯氨酸、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白)含量、丙二醛(MDA)含量、抗氧化酶活性(过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性)。冬季低温冻结期的极端低温和春季中旬的干燥环境使得齿肋赤藓可溶性糖和MDA含量, 以及3种抗氧化酶活性均显著高于早春融雪期, 可溶性蛋白含量显著低于融雪期。同时, 在融雪期灌丛遮阴所形成的“冷岛效应”使得生长于灌丛下的齿肋赤藓植株可溶性糖和MDA含量显著高于枯死灌丛和裸露地。但灌丛的存在也为春季中旬干旱无雨期齿肋赤藓提供了一个相对良好(含水量高)的生活环境, 其下齿肋赤藓的渗透调节物含量和抗氧化酶活性均显著低于其他两个生境。在整个冻融过程中裸露地齿肋赤藓的3种抗氧化酶活性均显著高于灌丛下, 这可能是由于生活于裸露地的苔藓有更强的耐胁迫特性。     

春兰ב寒香梅’试管开花诱导及其生理基础

以春兰×寒香梅杂交种(Cymbidium goeringii×Cymbidium ‘Han Xiang Mei’)为材料,MS+琼脂4 g·L-1+蔗糖20 g·L-1+椰汁100 mL·L-1为基础培养基,通过单因素试验,探讨细胞分裂素(TDZ/6-BA)和无机盐浓度(P、K)对其试管花诱导的影响,测定花芽诱导的蛋白质、可溶性总糖含量与超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性及激素水平(IAA、ABA)。结果表明,添加0.2 mg·L-1 TDZ和2 mg·L-1 6-BA的花芽诱导率最高,分别为14.33%和14.00%;无机盐浓度3P/3K和3P/5K的培养基花芽诱导率较高,分别达16.67%和11.33%;花芽诱导最佳培养基为MS(3P, 3K)+TDZ 0.2 mg·L-1+椰汁100 mL·L-1+琼脂 4 g·L-1+蔗糖20 g·L-1,花芽诱导率可达34%左右。生理生化指标检测显示,可溶性蛋白、可溶性总糖含量及SOD活性与花芽诱导率呈正相关;稳定的内源激素IAA和ABA含量对花芽诱导有一定的积极作用,含量过高对花芽诱导有抑制作用。