蜂胶中的黄酮类化合物

黄酮类化合物是蜂胶中最重要的组成成分和生物活性物质.本文对国内外从蜂胶中鉴定出的黄酮类化合物进行了分类总结,给出每种成分的中英文名称及化学名称,以避免同物异名或同名异物现象的出现.本文共列出黄酮类化合物135种,其中黄酮及黄酮醇类化合物46种,二氢黄酮及二氢黄酮醇类36种,异黄酮类11种,查耳酮和二氢查耳酮类17种,以及最近几年从蜂胶中鉴定出的新黄酮类似物25种.     

蜂胶中的萜类化合物

本文根据萜类成分结构所属的基本骨架对蜂胶中已发现的萜类化合物进行分类汇总,并给出蜂胶的地理来源,旨在为蜂胶化学成分的的研究提供有价值的化学依据,为全面评价蜂胶的药用价值提供参考。     

蜂胶的降血糖作用及其分子机制研究进展

蜂胶具有广泛的生物学活性和保健功能,降血糖作用是其最主要的生物学活性之一。本文综述了蜂胶及蜂胶中主要黄酮类化合物、酚酸类化合物等活性成分的降血糖作用,以及蜂胶的IRS-PI3K通路、PPARs转录因子、AMPK通路和抗氧化等4种可能的降血糖分子机制,旨在为蜂胶生物学活性的研究提供思路,为蜂胶产品的进一步开发提供参考。     

紫芝的化学成分研究进展

通过查阅、整理和分析国内外文献对紫芝的化学成分进行了综述。研究表明从紫芝中已经发现18个多糖类化合物、39个三萜类化合物、14个甾体类化合物、9种生物碱及苷类、80余种脂肪族类化合物、1个芳香族类化合物、3个杂环族化合物、1个环肽类化合物及多种酶类等蛋白质成分。本文为进一步研究紫芝提供了化学成分方面的基础资料。     

蜂胶抗肿瘤活性及其机制的研究进展

蜂胶是蜜蜂采集植物树脂等分泌物与其上颚腺、蜡腺等分泌物混合形成的胶粘性物质,化学成分复杂,生物学活性广泛。本文对不同地理来源蜂胶的抗肿瘤活性、蜂胶中黄酮类、萜烯类、酚酸类单体成分的抗肿瘤活性,以及蜂胶及其有效活性成分在诱导细胞凋亡、抑制肿瘤细胞增殖、抗血管增生、抑制信号转导通路的活化、抗肿瘤转移、对致癌因素的防治等抗肿瘤作用机制方面的研究进展进行综述,以期为蜂胶抗肿瘤活性的进一步研究以及在抗肿瘤药物中的开发利用提供参考。     

无刺蜂蜂胶化学成分及生物学活性的研究进展

无刺蜂蜂胶化学组成复杂,具有丰富而突出的生物学活性,但目前有关其研究相对较少。本文以国内外研究文献为基础,系统归纳了无刺蜂蜂胶已探明的包括35种黄酮类、13种酚酸类和53种萜烯类化合物在内的主要化学成分,并阐述了其在抗菌、抗氧化、抗炎、抗癌等方面的生物学活性,以期为无刺蜂蜂胶化学标准化及质量控制的研究提供依据,并为全面评价无刺蜂蜂胶的药用价值及其开发利用提供参考。     

防风挥发油的GC—MS分析

用气相色谱-质谱联用、气相色谱以及柱层析方法分析、分离了防风挥发油的化学成分,鉴定了38个化合物,主成分为人参醇(panaxynol)。     

巴西蜂胶化学成分的研究进展

巴西蜂胶植物来源广泛,化学组成复杂,具有丰富而突出的生物学活性。本文对巴西蜂胶中已发现的362种化学成分进行分类汇总,并给出相应的蜂胶来源,旨在为巴西蜂胶化学标准化及质量控制的研究提供有价值的化学依据,并为全面评价蜂胶的药用价值以及开发利用提供参考。     

蜂胶在食品保鲜中的应用及机理

蜂胶是一种由蜜蜂分泌加工的具有多种生物活性成分的树脂状物质。它不仅具有抑菌、抑病毒、抗氧化的特性,而且有良好的成膜性,可以抑制有害微生物对食物的侵害及在食品表面形成保护膜,发挥保鲜剂的作用。本文综述了国内外应用蜂胶进行食品保鲜的研究现状,介绍了蜂胶作为食品保鲜剂的作用机理,同时展望了蜂胶在食品保鲜上应用的方向和前景。     

匹诺塞林的活性研究

匹诺塞林是重要的黄烷酮类化合物,是蜂胶等提取物的主要成分,本文综述了其多种生物活性,以期对其后续研究发展提供依据。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.