特异性鸡卵黄免疫球蛋白（IgY）抗SARS-CoV作用的研究

制备了抗SARS CoVIgY ,探讨了该IgY中和SARS CoV的作用。灭活的SARS CoV免疫产蛋母鸡 ,水稀释法提取IgY。建立ELISA检测IgY结合SARS CoV的效价 ,采用病毒中和试验测定IgY的抗SARS CoV的作用。灭活SARS CoV免疫的母鸡可产生高效价的抗SARS CoVIgY ,该IgY中和SARS CoV的中和效价为 1∶5 12。因此 ,抗SARS CoVIgY可用于预防SARS CoV的感染及阻止SARS病毒的传播。     

马抗SARS-CoV免疫球蛋白对SARS-CoV GZ-01株中和作用的研究

观察马抗SARS-CoV免疫球蛋白对SARS-CoV GZ-01毒株的中和作用,为马抗SARS-CoV免疫球蛋白用于SARS的治疗提供科学的依据。采用CPE、MTT测定马抗SARS-CoV免疫球蛋白对SARS-CoV GZ-01株的中和作用。结果显示,马抗SARS-CoV免疫球蛋白F(ab’)2治疗性抗体对SARS-CoV GZ-01株具有很好的中和作用,三批马抗SARS-CoV免疫球蛋白的CPE和MTT中和效价分别达到1:6400、1:6400、1:12800,且两种方法测得结果一致。     

抗SARS药物设计的靶点--冠状病毒主蛋白酶

严重急性呼吸综合征(severe acute respiratory syndrome,SARS)由SARS冠状病毒(SARS—CoV)感染所引起。SARS—CoV主蛋白酶(M^pro)在冠状病毒复制及转录过程中起重要作用,因而成为直接抗SARS病毒药物设计的一个颇为诱人的靶标。SARS—CoVM^pro的三维结构的阐明、酶与抑制剂间结合方式的确认,为发现直接作用于M^pro的抗SARS药物设计提供了基础。     

肿瘤患者血清中SARS-CoV抗体阳性原因分析

探讨SARS冠状病毒(SARS—CoV)抗体在SARS病原学诊断中的特异性及其在肿瘤患血清中的假阳性问题。应用ELISA和荧光定量RT-PCR技术检测了111例正常对照和40例肿瘤患血清中SARS—CoV抗体的阳性率。在111例正常对照中,IgM抗体均阴性,IgG抗体的阳性率为3．6％(4／111);IgG抗体诊断SARS的特异性为96．4％,两种抗体同时阳性诊断SARS的特异性为100％。40例肿瘤患中,IgM抗体均阴性,IgG抗体阳性率17．5％(7／40)。经RT—PCR检测,上述肿瘤患阳性病例均为阴性。结果表明,同时测定SARS—CoV的两种抗体可降低诊断的假阳性率,提高诊断的特异性。用非纯化SARS—CoV抗原制备的ELISA试剂盒测定肿瘤患的SARS—CoV抗体,可能出现假阳性。在肿瘤患中出现假阳性的原因可能与包被的抗原有关。     

SARS冠状病毒基础研究进展

SARS(severe acute respiratory syndrome,严重急性呼吸综合症)是严重危害人类健康的传染病,现已发现其病原体为正链RNA冠状病毒(coronavirus,CoV),SARS CoV为一类新型的冠状病毒,至今没有有效对抗其感染的药物。本文从SARS CoV的功能受体、蛋白酶、疫苗和RNA干扰技术在SARS CoV研究中的应用等方面综述了其基础研究进展,旨在为抗SARS CoV的药物研制提供一定的理论依据。     

SARS病毒基因组的多态性

对SARS病人粪便样本直接测序,得到SRAS—CoV BJ202全基因组序列（AY864806）。应用比较基因组研究方法对GenBank中公布的115株SARS—CoV基因组序列以及BJ202进行分析。以GZ02序列为参照,发现2个以上基因组中同时存在单核苷酸多态（SNP）位点共278个。多态位点在SARS—CoV基因组中呈偏态分布,大约一半突变位点（50．4％,140／278）发生在基因组3’末端1／3区域。编码Orf10-11、Orf3／4、E蛋白、M蛋白和S蛋白区域突变率较高。克隆并测序含有BJ202基因组12个多态位点的11个cDNA以及4个不含已知多态位点的cDNA片段（15个片段总长度为6．0kb）,结果显示：BJ202特有的3个多态位点（13804、1503l和20792）以及另外3个多态位点（26428、26477和27243）均检出两种不同核苷酸;位点18379虽在已公布的115株SARS—CoV基因组中未发现突变,实际上也是多态位点。14个克隆中有8个克隆该位点为A,6个克隆为G。全部116个SARS—CoV基因组中共有18种缺失类型和2种插入类型。大部分缺失发生在编码ORF9和ORF10-11区域（基因组序列27700—28000bp处）。以邻位连接法（Neighbor-Joining）构建了116株SARS—CoV系统发育树,BJ202与BJ01和LLJ-2004等SARS—CoV的亲缘关系较接近。     

SARS冠状病毒的Spike蛋白以及病毒的细胞侵入机制

严重急性呼吸系统综合征（SARS）是由SARS冠状病毒（SARS—CoV）引起的一种新型人类疾病,具有高致病性、高传染性、高死亡率的特点。Spike蛋白是冠状捅毒膜表面的糖蛋白突出,构成病毒的包膜子粒,在病毒与其受体结合、通过膜融合进入宿主细胞以及诱导机体产生中和性抗体的过程中发挥着重要的作用：目前利用Spike蛋白开发出的一些防治SARS的药物和疫苗在动物和体外实验中有良好的抗病毒作用。本文阐述了SARS—CoV Spike蛋白的结构与功能,为抗SARS药物及疫苗的研发提供一定的理论基础.     

SLE患者血清中SARS—CoV抗体阳性原因分析

为了探讨严重急性呼吸综合征(SARS)冠状病毒(SARS—CoV)抗体测定在系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)患者中的假阳性问题,应用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)和荧光定量RT—PCR技术检测了66例正常对照和31例SLE患者血清中SARS—CoV抗体的阳性率。结果,66例正常对照中,IgM抗体均阴性,IgG抗体的阳性率为3．0％(2／66);31例SLE患者中,IgM抗体和IgG抗体阳性率分别为29％(9／31)和58．1％(18／31),IgG抗体和IgM抗体同时阳性为22．6％(7／31)。经RT—PCR检测,上述阳性病例均为阴性。结论：用非纯化抗原制备的ELISA试剂盒测定SLE患者的SARS—COV抗体,可能出现假阳性,两种抗体同时测定可降低诊断的假阳性率,提高诊断的特异性。在SLE患者中出现假阳性的原因可能与包被的抗原有关。     

SARS-CoV S蛋白基因的克隆及其与VSV-G融合表达载体的构建

为了解重症急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒(SARS—CoV)表面S蛋白的受体结合功能域及其在宿主细胞上的作用受体,应用PCR技术从SARS—CoV cDNA中克隆到S蛋白的全长基因,并构建了S蛋白与疱疹性口腔炎病毒胞膜蛋白(VSV—G)融合表达载体pVSV—G‘-SG,进而为制备含有SARS—CoVS蛋白膜外区的逆转录病毒假毒粒奠定了实验基础。     

广东地区SARS-COV细胞培养模型的建立和初步应用

目的：建立中国广东地区SARS—CoV细胞培养模型。方法：通过将SARS—CoV广东地区分离株GD322在Vero E6细胞中连续传代,检测TCID50,获得稳定的细胞模型。利用此细胞培养模型,对不同温度、紫外线等条件下SARS-CoV的存活时间进行了比较。对重组人复合干扰素α抗病毒效果进行了筛查。结果与结论：SARS—CoV对外界环境抵抗力比普通冠状病毒强,对重组人复合干扰素α有较高的敏感性,抑制指数达4．9。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.