《微生物学杂志》1989年总目录

研究报告鹅))))页 1 6 1(H 了之、护砚、矛‘、了.、作者姓名孙志敏等周崇莲等马秀贞等李宪臻等卷期9卷1期9卷l期9卷1期9卷1期、刃产‘、产、、了、Z‘、‘工、1产‘、尹、.产只︺通‘,人L}月脸004引公段19卜州公了‘,了r‘、r、2.‘、尹r.、产‘产﹄产‘、了、,尹、J产、、产‘、了、、声、.声,30 35 1 3 7 1215矛‘Z‘、了‘、了‘、︸了、了‘、尹r、高东等向世华等谷安筑等黄海华等孙志敏等唐欣均等周东坡等解思泌等赵福林等戴祥鹏等张忠泽等鲁志新等张道海等9卷工期9卷1期9卷1期9卷2期9卷2期9卷2期9卷2期9卷2期9卷2期9卷2期g卷3期9卷…     

白马雪山自然保护区滇金丝猴数量分布及种群结构的初步观察

滇金丝猴(Rhinopithecus bieti)属于世界珍稀灵长类动物,对它的研究报道仅限于分类地位(彭鸿绶等,1962;彭燕章等,1985;陈服官等,1981)、形态解剖(陈宜峰,1981;彭燕章等,1983;张耀平等,1983)、地理分布及生活习性(李致祥等,1981;木文伟等,1982)等。其分布、数量以及进化地位、生态学等方面的资料甚少。1985年笔者在白马雪山自然保护区对滇金丝猴的数量、分布及种群结构进行了观察。     

吉林省鸟类血吸虫的一新种——肺澳毕吸虫

关于我国的鸟类血吸虫,以往有过Faust(1924)、大礒(1927)、吴光(wu,1937)、唐仲璋(Tang,1951)、包鼎成等(1957)、龚建章等(1960,1963)、唐仲璋等(1962)、蔡尚达等(1962,1965)、刘兆铭等(1963)、白功懋等(1963)、易道善等(1963)、黄舜毅等(1965)、吴海林等(1965)、罗汉超等(1965)的报告。 鸟类血吸虫的尾蚴能引起人的皮炎,已是众所周知。我们在进行吉林省稻田皮炎病原调查时,曾在各地的螺中多次发现具眼点的无咽短尾叉叉尾尾蚴。考虑到鸟类血吸虫的尾蚴可能是稻田皮炎病原体,曾检查了经常出入稻田的野鸭,发现野鸭(特别是斑嘴鸭     

药物作用靶点研究最新进展

通过对我国学者近2年在国内外发表的相关论文进行检索和整理,分类综述针对神经退行性疾病（如阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病等）、心血管疾病（如高血压、心律失常、心衰、冠心病、心肌梗死、动脉粥样硬化等）、脑血管疾病、代谢类疾病（如肥胖症、血脂异常、脂肪肝、糖尿病等）、感染性疾病（如艾滋病、流感、结核病等）、恶性肿瘤、自身免疫性疾病等多种疾病的药物作用靶点研究最新进展。     

贝类上诱发的三倍体及其应用前景

近几年来,利用染色体工程在贝类上进行育种的研究有了很快的进展(Stanley等,1981、1984;Allen等,1982、1986、1988;Tabarini,1984;Quillet等,1986;Downing等,1987;Arai等,1986;Standish等,1986;古丸明,1987;Komaru等,1988;和田克彦,1987;姜卫国等,1987;Fujino等,1987;藤野和男,     

树鼩(Tupaia belangeri chinensis)的脊神经丛

由于树鼩在系统发育方面所具的特殊性,以及当今实验动物的小型化趋向,树鼩正在被开发成为新型的实验动物,其生物学特性的研究随之蓬勃开展,如对染色体(陈宜峰等,1981)、神经生理(刘世熠等,1982)、血象(邹如金等,1983)、骨髓象(张耀平等,1986)、血液生化(彭燕章等,1986;陈保生等,1983)、皮纹(Haines,1955;张耀平等,1984)、解剖(Le Gros Clark,1924、1926;George,1977)、     

江西鹰潭发现长尾鸭

正长尾鸭(Clangula hyemalis)是鸭科(Anatidae)鸟类,繁殖在北极地区,越冬在北美洲太平洋沿岸、日本、朝鲜、欧洲西部沿海、波罗的海、里海、纽芬兰岛等地。长尾鸭在我国比较少见,属冬候鸟或旅鸟,在中国东北(刘伯文1992,韩晓东1994)、华北(刘阳等2005,张月侠等2014)和华东(鲁长虎等2010)、四川(朱磊等2012)、新疆(马鸣等2007)等地有记录。     

利用细胞培养技术提高次生代谢物的产量

次生代谢物是植物体代谢的最终产物,由糖类、脂肪和氨基酸等有机物代谢衍生而来,储存在液泡或细胞壁中。我们知道的吲哚乙酸、赤霉素等植物激素,胡萝卜素、花青素等色素,奎宁碱、小檗碱、皂甙等药物以及橡胶等工业原料,都是重要的次生代谢物质。４０年代后期,Ｂｏｎ...     

植物药镇痛作用的研究进展

综述延胡索、白芷等植物药以及皂苷类、总生物碱、黄酮类等活性成分和植物药复方天麻制剂、都梁丸等的镇痛作用及其机制.     

水生生物学集刊1959年作者索引

戈敏生:(觅E、B.波鲁茨基、王乾麟等)戈敏生:(见E.B.波鲁茨基、伍献文等)戈敏生:(兑王乾麟、戈敏生等)王士达:(见E.B.波鲁茨基、王乾麟等)王士达:(兑E.B.波鲁茨基、伍献文等)王士达:(见王乾麟、戈敏生等)王立美:(见黎尚豪、叶清泉等)王立美:(同上)王立美:(见叶清泉、王立美等)王立美:(兑曾鞋棉、叶清泉等)王立美(及刘富瑞、叶清泉、崔希摹、黎尚豪、曾继棉、俞家碌、石赶洁):几种农薪对固氮蓝藻生长的影响···……仔,分王昌燮:长江中游“野焦苗”的种类据定····································…     

The anterior glands of adult Necator americanus (Nematoda: Strongyloidea)—I Ultrastructural studies

The ultrastructure of the amphidial, oesophageal and excretory glands of N. americanus is described. There are two amphidial glands, and each is attached to a lateral hypodermal cord. Anteriorly the glands become associated with the amphidial sense organs. The amphidial glands synthesize complex secretion granules which appear to release their contents into the sense organ. Secretions thus pass over the amphidial cilia and exit via the amphidial pore. It is suggested that the secretory activity of these glands is under direct nervous control. There are three oesophageal glands, and each synthesizes dense secretion granules. The secretions of the oesophageal glands are released into the lumen of the oesophagus and into the buccal capsule. The two excretory glands are ventral in position and connected to the tubular excretory system. These glands synthesize secretion granules of varying density. Secretions from the excretory glands may exit via the excretory pore, or pass back into the tubular excretory system, or both.     

Foregut glands of Solenogastres (mollusca): anatomy and revised terminology

In the molluscan class Solenogastres, different types of foregut glands vary in number, structure, and location within the foregut. The present article describes their anatomy and cytology and intends to clarify their confused terminology. Pharyngeal glands, esophageal glands, and the more complex dorsal and ventrolateral foregut glands can be distinguished. The ventrolateral foregut glands (ventral foregut glandular organs, ventral salivary glands of auct.), in the literature subdivided previously into four types, are revisited here in the context of current vertebrate gland terminology. The results of recent investigations are added to earlier ones, and a classification system for these multicellular glands is proposed. This system is based on cytological characters of glandular cells (intra- or extraepithelial), characters of the associated musculature (inner or outer musculature), location of the gland relative to the pharynx epithelium (endoepithelial or exoepithelial), characters of the gland openings (paired or unpaired), morphology of the gland duct (simple or branched), and some additional features like the arrangement of glandular cells along the gland ducts. Gross morphology and anatomy of ventrolateral foregut glands constitute useful taxonomic characters in determining higher taxa (family level), and finer details of the anatomy and cytology are useful in determining lower levels (genus and species). Possible pathways for the evolution of the different gland types of Solenogastres in relation to foregut glands present in the other molluscan clades are presented. The importance of ventrolateral foregut gland characters for phylogenetic considerations within the Solenogastres is discussed.     

The evolution of sweat glands

Mammals have two kinds of sweat glands, apocrine and eccrine, which provide for thermal cooling. In this paper we describe the distribution and characteristics of these glands in selected mammals, especially primates, and reject the suggested development of the eccrine gland from the apocrine gland during the Tertiary geological period. The evidence strongly suggests that the two glands, depending on the presence or absence of fur, have equal and similar functions among mammals; apocrine glands are not primitive. However, there is a unique and remarkable thermal eccrine system in humans; we suggest that this system evolved in concert with bipedalism and a smooth hairless skin.Iowa Quaternary Studies Contribution No. 47     

The aminergic control of cockroach salivary glands

The acinar salivary glands of cockroaches receive a dual innervation from the subesophageal ganglion and the stomatogastric nervous system. Acinar cells are surrounded by a plexus of dopaminergic and serotonergic varicose fibers. In addition, serotonergic terminals lie deep in the extracellular spaces between acinar cells. Excitation-secretion coupling in cockroach salivary glands is stimulated by both dopamine and serotonin. These monoamines cause increases in the intracellular concentrations of cAMP and Ca(2+). Stimulation of the glands by serotonin results in the production of a protein-rich saliva, whereas stimulation by dopamine results in saliva that is protein-free. Thus, two elementary secretory processes, namely electrolyte/water secretion and protein secretion, are triggered by different aminergic transmitters. Because of its simplicity and experimental accessibility, cockroach salivary glands have been used extensively as a model system to study the cellular actions of biogenic amines and to examine the pharmacological properties of biogenic amine receptors. In this review, we summarize current knowledge concerning the aminergic control of cockroach salivary glands and discuss our efforts to characterize Periplaneta biogenic amine receptors molecularly.     

Ultrastructural investigations of the salivary glands in adults of the microtrombidiid mite Platytrombidium fasciatum (C. L. Koch, 1836) (Acariformes: Microtrombidiidae)

The organization of the salivary glands in ad libitum-fed adult females of the microtrombidiid mite Platytrombidium fasciatum (C. L. Koch, 1836) was observed using transmission electron microscopy. In all, four pairs of large simple alveolar salivary glands were determined, which have been named due to their position as posterior, ventral, medial and dorsal. These glands occupy a body cavity behind, around the base and partly inside the gnathosoma. The posterior glands are largest and possess large nuclei with greatly folded nuclear envelope. Secretory granules are electron-light, containing fine granular material and are partly provided with various lamellar inclusions inside the granules. The latter tend to be placed predominantly in the middle parts of the gland around the central (intra-alveolar) cavity. The remaining glands, conversely, are typically filled with tightly packed electron-dense secretory granules, except for the ventral glands, the granules of which may show a compound organization. The nuclei of all these glands occupy a peripheral position and are mostly pressed between the granules. No prominent endoplasmic reticulum or conspicuous Golgi bodies were observed within the salivary glands. The salivary glands are provided with a complex apparatus of the intra-alveolar cavity (acinar lumen) with the excretory duct base provided by a system of branched special cells producing the duct walls. The ventral glands open by separate ducts into the most posterior part of the subcheliceral space. Ducts of the posterior glands immediately fuse with the ducts of the tubular (coxal) glands. The common duct of each side of the body joins with the ducts of the medial and dorsal glands respectively, and opens into the subcheliceral space far anterior to that of the ventral glands.     

Morphological, micromorphological and histochemical studies on the parotid salivary glands of the one-humped camel (Camelus dromedarius).

The morphology, blood and nerve supply of the parotid salivary glands of the one-humped camel were studied in detail. The intraglandular portion of the duct system was also examined. The histological and histochemical studies showed that the parotid salivary glands of the camel are of the tubuloacinar type and are serumocoid in nature. The secretory acini and tubules show themselves in 3 different forms according to the different phases of their secretory cycle. The duct system of the gland contains goblet cells between its lining epithelium. The intercalated ducts show ampullation followed by narrowing that help in mixing the secretion. Intraepithelial glands are found in the terminal part of the parotid duct.     

Participation of the lacrimal glands in wound healing processes

A hypothesis is advanced that nociceptive stimulation activates the functional system of wound healing. Experiments were made to investigate whether the lacrimal glands, which are activated due to pain, are involved in the system of healing. Rat experiments have demonstrated that nociceptive stimulation of the lacrimal glands accelerates the repair of cutaneous wounds by 26 to 30%. Lacrimectomy accompanied by distension of wound rims (up to 26% by the 3d-4th hour) inhibits the rate of healing by 18 to 20%. Intraperitoneal injection of a lacrimal gland extract activates healing in lacrimectomized rats. The data obtained suggest that the lacrimal glands are involved in wound healing.     

Immunohistochemical evidence for the presence of progesterone receptor in rat submandibular glands.

Immunohistochemical analysis of progesterone receptor was carried out in rat submandibular glands. Immunoreactivity to progesterone receptors was found in cell nuclei of the intralobular duct system within male and female rat submandibular glands. The female glands contained more immunoreactive cells than the male glands. In ovariectomized rats progesterone receptor-containing cells decreased in number while testectomized glands revealed an increase. When estradiol was administered to gonadectomized rats of both sexes, the immunoreactivity in cells of the intralobular duct system markedly increased. These results suggest the possibility that progesterone may modulate various metabolic functions in the rat submandibular glands.     

A photosensitive circadian oscillator in an insect endocrine gland: photic induction of rhythmic steroidogenesis in vitro

The paired prothoracic glands of the insect Rhodnius prolixus each comprise a group of about 200 structurally identical cells. The synthesis (and release) of steroid moulting hormones (ecdysteroids) by these glands is under circadian control in vivo. We monitored ecdysteroid synthesis by single glands during long-term incubations in vitro. Synthesis is rhythmic in vitro and persists in continuous darkness. Glands which are arrhythmic (from prolonged continuous light) respond to transfer to darkness in vitro with the initiation of a free-running circadian rhythm of ecdysteroid synthesis. Therefore, the glands possess a light-sensitive circadian oscillator. These properties are conventionally associated with nervous tissue of animals. It is suggested that rhythmicity is synchronized within the gland by the known structural and electrical coupling between its component cells. The glands share properties with known pacemakers such as the avian pineal. However, the glands in vivo receive input from both light cues and the cerebral neuropeptide, prothoracicotropic hormone. Rhythmic release of this neuropeptide is controlled by a second oscillator located in the brain. We conclude that the pacemaker in the endocrine system of R. prolixus comprises at least three oscillators, one in each prothoracic gland and one in the brain, which are coupled hormonally. We conclude that the prothoracic gland is an important component of the circadian system controlling development in R. prolixus and that peripheral endocrine glands may play a more active role in the generation of animal circadian organization than has been thought. Accepted: 30 August 1997