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1.
Sugar acts as a signal molecule and plays a pivotal role in plant development and stress response. Neutral/alkaline invertases found only in photosynthetic bacteria and plants is sucrose-specific enzymes cleave sucrose into glucose and fructose. We have identified a gene for neutral/alkaline invertase in Arabidopsis designated as AtCYT-INV1 which is involved in sugar/ABA signaling and plays multiple roles in plant development and osmotic stress-induced inhibition on lateral root growth.Key Words: Arabidopsis thaliana, AtCTY-INV1, sugar signaling 相似文献
2.
BREVIS RADIX is involved in cytokinin-mediated inhibition of lateral root initiation in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Arabidopsis</Emphasis> 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Jing Li Xiaorong Mo Jirong Wang Nannan Chen Huan Fan Chunyan Dai Ping Wu 《Planta》2009,229(3):593-603
In contrast to auxin, relatively little is known about the molecular mechanism of cytokinin (CTK) inhibition of lateral root
initiation. Previous studies demonstrated that BREVIS RADIX (BRX), a protein of unknown biochemical function, maintains a
rate-limiting brassinosteroid biosynthesis enzyme expression to keep brassinosteroid biosynthesis above a critical threshold.
Here, we show that the brx-2 mutant is insensitive to exogenous CTK-induced inhibition of lateral root initiation and that this can be restored by embryonic
brassinosteroid treatment. However post-embryonic brassinosteroid treatment can not rescue brx-2 mutant phenotype in the presence of CTK. Meanwhile the brassinosteroid receptor defective mutant bri1-6 shows normal CTK-mediated inhibition on LR growth. These results suggest the CTK-mediated inhibition of LR initiation is
not directly dependent on brassinosteroid level. Furthermore, compared with wild type, brx-2 exhibits altered auxin response in presumptive founder cells, lateral root primodia and primary root tip in the presence
of exogenous CTK. We concluded that CTK inhibition on lateral root initiation depend on specific auxin response loss in presumptive
founder cell. The aberrant primary root growth caused by the embryonic brassinosteroid shortage can indirectly result in the
lateral root phenotype of brx-2 in presence of CTK.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
3.
Ruud A. Korver Thea van den Berg A. Jessica Meyer Carlos S. Galvan-Ampudia Kirsten H.W.J. ten Tusscher Christa Testerink 《Plant, cell & environment》2020,43(1):143-158
Endocytosis and relocalization of auxin carriers represent important mechanisms for adaptive plant growth and developmental responses. Both root gravitropism and halotropism have been shown to be dependent on relocalization of auxin transporters. Following their homology to mammalian phospholipase Ds (PLDs), plant PLDζ-type enzymes are likely candidates to regulate auxin carrier endocytosis. We investigated root tropic responses for an Arabidopsis pldζ1-KO mutant and its effect on the dynamics of two auxin transporters during salt stress, that is, PIN2 and AUX1. We found altered root growth and halotropic and gravitropic responses in the absence of PLDζ1 and report a role for PLDζ1 in the polar localization of PIN2. Additionally, irrespective of the genetic background, salt stress induced changes in AUX1 polarity. Utilizing our previous computational model, we found that these novel salt-induced AUX1 changes contribute to halotropic auxin asymmetry. We also report the formation of “osmotic stress-induced membrane structures.” These large membrane structures are formed at the plasma membrane shortly after NaCl or sorbitol treatment and have a prolonged presence in a pldζ1 mutant. Taken together, these results show a crucial role for PLDζ1 in both ionic and osmotic stress-induced auxin carrier dynamics during salt stress. 相似文献
4.
Jianhua Zhu Byeong‐Ha Lee Mike Dellinger Xinping Cui Changqing Zhang Shang Wu Eugene A. Nothnagel Jian‐Kang Zhu 《The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology》2010,63(1):128-140
Osmotic stress imposed by soil salinity and drought stress significantly affects plant growth and development, but osmotic stress sensing and tolerance mechanisms are not well understood. Forward genetic screens using a root‐bending assay have previously identified salt overly sensitive (sos) mutants of Arabidopsis that fall into five loci, SOS1 to SOS5. These loci are required for the regulation of ion homeostasis or cell expansion under salt stress, but do not play a major role in plant tolerance to the osmotic stress component of soil salinity or drought. Here we report an additional sos mutant, sos6‐1, which defines a locus essential for osmotic stress tolerance. sos6‐1 plants are hypersensitive to salt stress and osmotic stress imposed by mannitol or polyethylene glycol in culture media or by water deficit in the soil. SOS6 encodes a cellulose synthase‐like protein, AtCSLD5. Only modest differences in cell wall chemical composition could be detected, but we found that sos6‐1 mutant plants accumulate high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) under osmotic stress and are hypersensitive to the oxidative stress reagent methyl viologen. The results suggest that SOS6/AtCSLD5 is not required for normal plant growth and development but has a critical role in osmotic stress tolerance and this function likely involves its regulation of ROS under stress. 相似文献
5.
An Auxin-Inducible F-Box Protein CEGENDUO Negatively Regulates Auxin-Mediated Lateral Root Formation in Arabidopsis 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Previously, we characterized 92 Arabidopsis genes (AtSFLs) similar to the S-locus F-box genes involved in S-RNase-based self-incompatibility and found that they likely play diverse roles in Arabidopsis. In this study, we investigated the role of one of these genes, CEGENDUO (CEG, AtSFL61), in the lateral root formation. A T-DNA insertion in CEG led to an increased lateral root production, which was complemented by transformation of the wild-type gene. Its downregulation
by RNAi also produced more lateral roots in transformed Arabidopsis plants whereas its overexpression generated less lateral roots compared to wild-type, indicating that CEG acts as a negative
regulator for the lateral root formation. It was found that CEG was expressed abundantly in vascular tissues of the primary root, but not in newly formed lateral root primordia and the
root meristem, and induced by exogenous auxin NAA (α-naphthalene acetic acid). In addition, the ceg mutant was hyposensitive to NAA, IAA (indole-3-acetic acid) and 2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid), as well as the auxin
transport inhibitor TIBA (3,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid), showing that CEG is an auxin-inducible gene. Taken together, our results show that CEG is a novel F-box protein negatively regulating the
auxin-mediated lateral root formation in Arabidopsis.
Electronic supplementary material Electronic supplementary material is available for this article at
and accessible for authorised users. 相似文献
6.
Previously it has been shown that the floral scent of snapdragon flowers consists of a relatively simple mixture of volatile
organic compounds (VOCs). These compounds are thought to be involved in the attraction of pollinators; however, little is
known about their effect on other organisms, such as neighboring plants. Here, we report that VOCs from snapdragon flowers
inhibit Arabidopsis root growth. Out of the three major snapdragon floral volatiles, myrcene, (E)-β-ocimene, and methyl benzoate (MB), MB was found to be primarily responsible for the inhibition of root growth. Ten micromoles
MB reduced root length by 72.6%. We employed a microarray approach to identify the MB target genes in Arabidopsis that were responsible for the root growth inhibition phenotype in response to MB. These analyses showed that MB treatment
affected 1.33% of global gene expression, including cytokinin, auxin and other plant-hormone-related genes, and genes related
to seed germination processes in Arabidopsis. Accordingly, the root growth of cytokinin (cre1) and auxin (axr1) response mutants was less affected than that of the wild type by the volatile compound: roots of the treated mutants were
reduced by 45.1 and 56.2%, respectively, relative to untreated control mutants.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
7.
The RNA helicase,eIF4A‐1, is required for ovule development and cell size homeostasis in Arabidopsis
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Maxwell S. Bush Natalie Crowe Tao Zheng John H. Doonan 《The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology》2015,84(5):989-1004
eIF4A is a highly conserved RNA‐stimulated ATPase and helicase involved in the initiation of mRNA translation. The Arabidopsis genome encodes two isoforms, one of which (eIF4A‐1) is required for the coordination between cell cycle progression and cell size. A T‐DNA mutant eif4a1 line, with reduced eIF4A protein levels, displays slow growth, reduced lateral root formation, delayed flowering and abnormal ovule development. Loss of eIF4A‐1 reduces the proportion of mitotic cells in the root meristem and perturbs the relationship between cell size and cell cycle progression. Several cell cycle reporter proteins, particularly those expressed at G2/M, have reduced expression in eif4a1 mutant meristems. Single eif4a1 mutants are semisterile and show aberrant ovule growth, whereas double eif4a1 eif4a2 homozygous mutants could not be recovered, indicating that eIF4A function is essential for plant growth and development. 相似文献
8.
9.
The changes in external K+ concentration affect plant root growth. However, the molecular mechanism for perceiving a K+ signal to modulate root growth remains unknown. It is hypothesized that the K+ channel AKT1 is involved in low K+ sensing in the Arabidopsis root and subsequent regulation of root growth. Along with the decline of external K+ concentration, the primary root growth of wild‐type plants was gradually inhibited. However, the primary root of the akt1 mutant could still grow under low K+ (LK) conditions. Application of NAA inhibited akt1 root growth, but promoted wild‐type root growth under LK conditions. By using the ProDR5:GFP and ProPIN1:PIN1‐GFP lines, we found that LK treatment reduced auxin accumulation in wild‐type root tips by degrading PIN1 proteins, which did not occur in the akt1 mutant. The LK‐induced PIN1 degradation may be due to the inhibition of vesicle trafficking of PIN1 proteins. In conclusion, our findings indicate that AKT1 is required for an Arabidopsis response to changes in external K+, and subsequent regulation of K+‐dependent root growth by modulating PIN1 degradation and auxin redistribution in the root. 相似文献
10.
Kenji Komatsu Yuri Nishikawa Tomohito Ohtsuka Teruaki Taji Ralph S. Quatrano Shigeo Tanaka Yoichi Sakata 《Plant molecular biology》2009,70(3):327-340
We employed a comparative genomic approach to understand protein phosphatase 2C (PP2C)-mediated abscisic acid (ABA) signaling
in the moss Physcomitrella patens. Ectopic expression of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) abi1-1, a dominant mutant allele of ABI1 encoding a PP2C involved in the negative regulation of ABA signaling, caused ABA insensitivity of P. patens both in gene expression of late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) genes and in ABA-induced protonemal growth inhibition. The transgenic
abi1-1 plants showed decreased ABA-induced freezing tolerance, and decreased tolerance to osmotic stress. Analyses of the P. patens genome revealed that only two (PpABI1A and PpABI1B) PP2C genes were related to ABI1. In the ppabi1a null mutants, ABA-induced expression of LEA genes was elevated, and protonemal growth was inhibited with lower ABA concentration compared to the wild type. Moreover,
ABA-induced freezing tolerance of the ppabi1a mutants was markedly enhanced. We provide the genetic evidence that PP2C-mediated ABA signaling is evolutionarily conserved
between Arabidopsis and P. patens.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Accession Numbers: PpABI1A-AB369256, PpABI1B-AB369255, pphn39k21-AB369257. 相似文献
11.
The tomato res mutant which accumulates JA in roots in non‐stressed conditions restores cell structure alterations under salinity
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José O. Garcia‐Abellan Nieves Fernandez‐Garcia Carmen Lopez‐Berenguer Isabel Egea Francisco B. Flores Trinidad Angosto Juan Capel Rafael Lozano Benito Pineda Vicente Moreno Enrique Olmos Maria C. Bolarin 《Physiologia plantarum》2015,155(3):296-314
12.
Georgina Hernández-Mata María Elena Mellado-Rojas Alan Richards-Lewis José López-Bucio Elda Beltrán-Peña Eva Luz Soriano-Bello 《Journal of Plant Growth Regulation》2010,29(4):441-454
Plants adapt to challenging environmental factors by modulating morphogenetic processes. Although it has been speculated that
activation of defense responses against pathogens leads to plant growth adjustment, little is known about developmental and
architectural responses to defense stimulators. In this report we evaluated the activity of oligogalacturonides (OGs), a class
of molecules directly involved in plant immunity, to modulate root system architecture in Arabidopsis thaliana. We show that OGs induce PAD3 expression and camalexin synthesis, two well-known markers of defense responses. These effects were related to primary root
growth inhibition and increased lateral root and root hair formation, which are reminiscent of altered auxin responses. Cellular
analysis showed that the effect of these compounds on primary root growth was due to changes in cell elongation and increased
flavonoid accumulation at the root elongation region. Moreover, the observations that similar changes in primary root growth
were induced by naphthylphthalamic acid supply and that auxin- or flavonoid-related mutants tir1, doc1, pgp1, pgp4, pgp19, and tt4-1 show differential responses to primary root growth inhibition by OGs suggest that auxin homeostasis plays a role in the oligogalacturonide-induced
alteration of root cell patterning. Our results suggest that OGs might play a dual function in adaptation of plants to pathogen
challenge by inducing defense responses and plant architecture adjustment. 相似文献
13.
Kinya Akashi Kazuya Yoshimura Masataka Kajikawa Kouhei Hanada Rina Kosaka Atsushi Kato 《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2016,80(10):1907-1916
Enhanced root growth is known as the survival strategy of plants under drought. Previous proteome analysis in drought-resistant wild watermelon has shown that Ran GTPase, an essential regulator of cell division and proliferation, was induced in the roots under drought. In this study, two cDNAs were isolated from wild watermelon, CLRan1 and CLRan2, which showed a high degree of structural similarity with those of other plant Ran GTPases. Quantitative RT-PCR and promoter-GUS assays suggested that CLRan1 was expressed mainly in the root apex and lateral root primordia, whereas CLRan2 was more broadly expressed in other part of the roots. Immunoblotting analysis confirmed that the abundance of CLRan proteins was elevated in the root apex region under drought stress. Transgenic Arabidopsis overexpressing CLRan1 showed enhanced primary root growth, and the growth was maintained under osmotic stress, indicating that CLRan1 functions as a positive factor for maintaining root growth under stress conditions. 相似文献
14.
Ethylene mediates dichromate‐induced inhibition of primary root growth by altering AUX1 expression and auxin accumulation in Arabidopsis thaliana
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Abdul Wakeel Imran Ali Sakila Upreti Azizullah Azizullah Bohan Liu Ali Raza Khan Linli Huang Minjie Wu Yinbo Gan 《Plant, cell & environment》2018,41(6):1453-1467
The hexavalent form of chromium [Cr(VI)] causes a major reduction in yield and quality of crops worldwide. The root is the first plant organ that interacts with Cr(VI) toxicity, which inhibits primary root elongation, but the underlying mechanisms of this inhibition remain elusive. In this study, we investigate the possibility that Cr(VI) reduces primary root growth of Arabidopsis by modulating the cell cycle‐related genes and that ethylene signalling contributes to this process. We show that Cr(VI)‐mediated inhibition of primary root elongation was alleviated by the ethylene perception and biosynthesis antagonists silver and cobalt, respectively. Furthermore, the ethylene signalling defective mutants (ein2‐1 and etr1‐3) were insensitive, whereas the overproducer mutant (eto1‐1) was hypersensitive to Cr(VI). We also report that high levels of Cr(VI) significantly induce the distribution and accumulation of auxin in the primary root tips, but this increase was significantly suppressed in seedlings exposed to silver or cobalt. In addition, genetic and physiological investigations show that AUXIN‐RESISTANT1 (AUX1) participates in Cr(VI)‐induced inhibition of primary root growth. Taken together, our results indicate that ethylene mediates Cr(VI)‐induced inhibition of primary root elongation by increasing auxin accumulation and polar transport by stimulating the expression of AUX1. 相似文献
15.
16.
Monosaccharide transporter (MST) genes of Lupinus polyphyllus and L. albus were cloned, expressed and characterised. The isolation and functional characterisation of a cDNA clone and its corresponding
genomic clone of a sugar transporter from L. polyphyllus (LpSTP1) is reported. Phylogenetic comparison of the nucleic and amino acid sequences showed the highest similarity to the
AtSTP1 gene from Arabidopsis thaliana, which encodes a high affinity sugar transporter. The similar topology as well as the substrate specificity and expression
pattern of LpSTP1 encoded protein additionally support the high similarity to the AtSTP1 gene product. The 1,590 bp LpSTP1 cDNA clone was heterologously expressed in yeast resulting in a fully functional specific sugar transporter. This transformation
restored the viability of a yeast deletion mutant, which is devoid of all intrinsic MSTs and thus unable to take up and grow
on hexose-containing media. The LpSTP1 protein is postulated to be a high-affinity MST since it supported growth best on media
containing 0.2% hexose. Tissue-specific expression of LaSTP1 in L. albus was assayed by real-time PCR, which revealed that the lupin STP1 is mainly expressed in flower buds, flowers and young leaves. The results suggest that the main role of LaSTP1 is to catalyse
monosaccharide import in sink tissues to meet increased carbohydrate demand during plant development.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
17.
Daniel A. Coury Changqing Zhang Ara Ko Megan I. Skaggs Cory A. Christensen Gary N. Drews Kenneth A. Feldmann Ramin Yadegari 《Sexual plant reproduction》2007,20(2):87-97
The female and male gametophytes are critical components of the angiosperm life cycle and are essential for the reproductive
process. The gametophytes share many essential cellular processes with each other and with the sporophyte generation. As a
consequence, these processes can only be analyzed genetically in the gametophyte generation. Here, we report the characterization
of the gametophytic factor 1 (gfa1) mutant. The gfa1 mutation exhibits reduced transmission through both the female and male gametophytes. Reduced transmission through the female
gametophyte is due to an effect on female gametophyte development. By contrast, development of the pollen grain is not affected
in gfa1; rather, reduced transmission is likely due to an effect on pollen tube growth. We have identified multiple T-DNA-insertion
alleles of gfa1 in a gene encoding a protein with high similarity to Snu114/U5-116 kD proteins from yeast and animals required for normal
pre-mRNA splicing. Consistent with its predicted function, the GFA1 gene (At1g06220) is expressed throughout the plant. Together, these data suggest that GFA1 functions in mRNA splicing during
the plant life cycle.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
18.
Four Arabidopsis AREB/ABF transcription factors function predominantly in gene expression downstream of SnRK2 kinases in abscisic acid signalling in response to osmotic stress
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TAKUYA YOSHIDA YASUNARI FUJITA KYONOSHIN MARUYAMA JUNRO MOGAMI DAISUKE TODAKA KAZUO SHINOZAKI KAZUKO YAMAGUCHI‐SHINOZAKI 《Plant, cell & environment》2015,38(1):35-49
19.
von Rad U Klein I Dobrev PI Kottova J Zazimalova E Fekete A Hartmann A Schmitt-Kopplin P Durner J 《Planta》2008,229(1):73-85
20.
Céline Contesto Sandrine Milesi Sophie Mantelin Anouk Zancarini Guilhem Desbrosses Fabrice Varoquaux Catherine Bellini Mariusz Kowalczyk Bruno Touraine 《Planta》2010,232(6):1455-1470
Plant root development is highly responsive both to changes in nitrate availability and beneficial microorganisms in the rhizosphere.
We previously showed that Phyllobacterium brassicacearum STM196, a plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria strain isolated from rapeseed roots, alleviates the inhibition exerted by
high nitrate supply on lateral root growth. Since soil-borne bacteria can produce IAA and since this plant hormone may be
implicated in the high nitrate-dependent control of lateral root development, we investigated its role in the root development
response of Arabidopsis thaliana to STM196. Inoculation with STM196 resulted in a 50% increase of lateral root growth in Arabidopsis wild-type seedlings.
This effect was completely abolished in aux1 and axr1 mutants, altered in IAA transport and signaling, respectively, indicating that these pathways are required. The STM196 strain,
however, appeared to be a very low IAA producer when compared with the high-IAA-producing Azospirillum brasilense sp245 strain and its low-IAA-producing ipdc mutant. Consistent with the hypothesis that STM196 does not release significant amounts of IAA to the host roots, inoculation
with this strain failed to increase root IAA content. Inoculation with STM196 led to increased expression levels of several
IAA biosynthesis genes in shoots, increased Trp concentration in shoots, and increased auxin-dependent GUS staining in the
root apices of DR5::GUS transgenic plants. All together, our results suggest that STM196 inoculation triggers changes in IAA distribution and homeostasis
independently from IAA release by the bacteria. 相似文献