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1.
The 8 days old seedlings of pea (cv. Ilowiecki) and maize (cv. Alma F1) were subjected to differentiated aeration conditions (control — with pore water tension about 15 kPa and flooded
treatment) for 12 days at three soil temperatures (7, 15 and 25 °C). The shoots were grown at 25 °C while the soil temperature
was differentiated by keeping the cylinders with the soil in thermostated water bath of the appropriate temperature.
Lowering the root temperature with respect to the shoot temperature caused under control (oxic) conditions a decrease of the
root penetration depth, their mass and porosity as well as a decrease of shoot height, their mass and chlorophyll content;
the changes being more pronounced in maize as compared to the pea plants. Flooding the soil diminished the effect of temperature
on the investigated parameters; the temperature effect remaining significant only in the case of shoot biomass and root porosity
of pea plants. Root porosity of pea plants ranged from 2 to 4 % and that of maize plants — from 4 to 6 % of the root volume.
Flooding the soil caused an increase in the root porosity of the pea plants in the entire temperature range and in maize roots
at lower temperatures by about 1 % of the root volume. Flooding the soil caused a decrease of root mass and penetration depth
as well as a decrease of plant height, biomass and leaf chlorophyll content. 相似文献
2.
The effects of different water regimes on the pathogenicity of Meloidogyne graminicola on six rice cultivars were determined in two soil types in three greenhouse experiments. Two water regimes, simulating continuous flooding and intermittent flooding, were used with five of the cultivars. All cultivars were susceptible to the nematode, but IR72 and IR74 were more tolerant than IR20 and IR29 under intermittent flooding. All were tolerant under continuous flooding. UPLRi-5 was grown under multiple water regimes: no flooding; continuous flooding; flooding starting at maximum tillering, panicle initiation, or booting stage; and flooding from sowing until maximum tillering or booting. In sandy loam soil, M. graminicola reduced stem and leaf dry weight, root dry weight, and grain weight under all water regimes. In clay loam soil, the nematode reduced root weight when the soil was not flooded or flooded only for a short time, from panicle initiation, or booting to maturity, and from sowing to maximum tillering. In clay loam soil, stem and leaf dry weight, as well as grain weight, were reduced by the nematode under all water regimes except continuous flooding or when the soil was flooded from sowing to booting stage. These results indicate that rice cultivar tolerance of M. graminicola varies with water regime and that yield losses due to M. graminicola may be prevented or minimized when the rice crop is flooded early and kept flooded until a late stage of development. 相似文献
3.
The increased frequency of heavy rains as a result of global climate change can lead to flooding and changes in light availability
caused by the presence of thick clouds. To test the hypothesis that reduction in light availability can alleviate the harmful
effects of soil flooding on photosynthesis, the authors studied the effects of soil flooding and acclimation from high to
low light on the photosynthetic performance of Eugenia uniflora. Seedlings acclimated to full sunlight (about 35 mol m−2 d−1) for 5 months were transferred to partial sunlight (about 10 mol m−2 d−1) and were either subjected to soil flooding or not flooded. Chlorophyll fluorescence was measured throughout the flooding
period and leaf gas exchange was measured 16 days after flooding was initiated. Minimal fluorescence yield (Fo) was significantly
higher and the quantum efficiency of open PSII centres (Fv/Fm) was significantly lower in flooded than in non-flooded plants
in full sunlight. Sixteen days after flooding was initiated, stomatal conductance (gssat) and net photosyntheses expressed on a leaf area (Asat-area), weight (Asat-wt) and chlorophyll (Asat-Chl) basis decreased in response to soil flooding. Flooding decreased stomatal conductance by similar amounts in full and partial
sunlight, but Asat-area in partial and full sunlight was 3.4 and 16.8 times lower, respectively, in flooded than in non-flooded plants. These results
indicate that changes from full to partial sunlight during soil flooding can alleviate the effects of flooding stress on photosynthesis
in E. uniflora seedlings acclimated to full sunlight. The responses of photosynthesis in trees to flooding stress may be dependent on changes
in light environment during heavy rains. 相似文献
4.
Early physiological flood tolerance is followed by slow post‐flooding root recovery in the dryland riparian tree Eucalyptus camaldulensis subsp. refulgens 下载免费PDF全文
We investigated physiological and morphological responses to flooding and recovery in Eucalyptus camaldulensis subsp. refulgens, a riparian tree species from a dryland region prone to intense episodic floods. Seedlings in soil flooded for 88 d produced extensive adventitious roots, displayed stem hypertrophy (stem diameter increased by 93%) and increased root porosity owing to aerenchyma formation. Net photosynthesis (Pn) and stomatal conductance (gs) were maintained for at least 2 weeks of soil flooding, contrasting with previous studies of other subspecies of E. camaldulensis. Gradual declines followed in both gs (30% less than controls) and Pn (19% less). Total leaf soluble sugars did not differ between flooded and control plants. Root mass did not recover 32 d after flooding ceased, but gs was not lower than controls, suggesting the root system was able to functionally compensate. However, the limited root growth during recovery after flooding was surprising given the importance of extensive root systems in dryland environments. We conclude that early flood tolerance could be an adaptation to capitalize on scarce water resources in a water‐limited environment. Overall, our findings highlight the need to assess flooding responses in relation to a species' fitness for particular flood regimes or ecological niches. 相似文献
5.
Effects of flood pre-conditioning on responses of three bottomland tree species to soil waterlogging
The potential for improving the performance of seedlings of woody species under flood stress was evaluated. Seedlings of baldcypress (Taxodium distichum), nuttall oak (Quercus nuttallii), and swamp chestnut oak (Quercus michauxii) were subjected to a two-phase study in which soil moisture regime was controlled. During Phase I, plants were randomly assigned to either: Control, well-watered and drained conditions; or intermittent flooding, alternating flooding and drained conditions. Following completion of Phase I, seedlings in each treatment were assigned randomly to one of two treatments: well-watered but drained or continuously flooded. Thus during Phase II, plants were divided into four groups: Control (A), intermittent flooding during Phase I and draining during Phase II (B), control during Phase I and continuously flooding during Phase II (C), and intermittently flooded during Phase I and continuously flooded during Phase II (D). Stomatal conductance (gw) in baldcypress increased in flooded treatments ranging from 112 to 128 percnt; of controls. Net photosynthesis (Pn) in baldcypress was not significantly affected by flooding while in oaks, Pn and gw decreased significantly in response to flooding. In oaks, flood pre-conditioning did not affect growth or physiological responses during phase II significantly. However, stomatal conductance of flood-hardened baldcypress was increased compared to seedlings that were not hardened. The study species developed significantly higher root porosity under flooded conditions compared to controls. Flood pre-conditioning did not appear to increase root porosity although it may have accelerated the process. 相似文献
6.
Ordas B Butron A Alvarez A Revilla P Malvar RA 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2012,124(7):1183-1191
Reciprocal recurrent selection (RRS) was proposed for simultaneously improving two populations and their cross. A modification
of the classical full-sib RRS (FS-RRS) was proposed in which the performance of full-sibs and S2 families is combined in a selection index (FS-S2-RRS). The Mediterranean corn borer (MCB) is the main corn borer species in the Mediterranean and adjacent areas and produces
important yield losses. We started two RRS programs (FS-RRS and FS-S2-RRS) from the same maize population in which the selection criterion was grain yield under artificial infestation with MCB
eggs. Original populations, two cycles of selection derived from them by both RRS methods, and population crosses were evaluated
under MCB attack and under insecticide treatment in three different environments. The objective was to compare the efficiency
of the FS-RRS and the FS-S2-RRS methods for improving grain yield. We found that the FS-S2-RRS method was successful for improving the yield of the population cross under optimum conditions (the regression coefficient
over cycles was b = 0.87** Mg ha−1 cycle−1) without losing yield under high pressure of MCB attack (b = 0.07). On the contrary, FS-RRS failed to improve the yield of the population cross under optimum conditions (b = 0.65) and tended to decrease the yield under high levels of MCB attack (b = −0.26). We conclude that for developing high yielding and stable varieties, FS-S2-RRS is more efficient than the classical FS-RRS method. 相似文献
7.
Flooding is a major problem in many areas of the world and soybean is susceptible to the stress. Understanding the morphological mechanisms of flooding tolerance is important for developing flood-tolerant genotypes. We investigated secondary aerenchyma formation and function in soybean (Glycine max) seedlings grown under flooded conditions. Secondary aerenchyma, a white and spongy tissue, was formed in the hypocotyl, tap root, adventitious roots and root nodules after 3 weeks of flooding. Under irrigated conditions aerenchyma development was either absent or rare and phellem was formed in the hypocotyl, tap root, adventitious roots and root nodules. Secondary meristem partially appeared at the outer parts of the interfascicular cambium and girdled the stele, and then cells differentiated to construct secondary aerenchyma in the flooded hypocotyl. These morphological changes proceeded for 4 days after the initiation of the flooding. After 14 days of treatment, porosity exceeded 30% in flooded hypocotyl with well-developed secondary aerenchyma, while it was below 10% in hypocotyl of irrigated plants that had no aerenchyma. When Vaseline was applied to the hypocotyl of plants from a flooded treatment to prevent the entry of atmospheric oxygen into secondary aerenchyma, plant growth, especially that of roots, was sharply inhibited. Thus secondary aerenchyma might be an adaptive response to flooding. 相似文献
8.
Black spruce [ Picea mariana (Mill.) B.S.P.] and tamarack [ Larix laricina (Du Roi) K. Koch] are the predominant tree species in boreal peatlands. The effects of 34 days of flooding on morphological and physiological responses were investigated in the greenhouse for black spruce and tamarack seedlings in their second growing season (18 months old). Flooding resulted in reduced root hydraulic conductance, net assimilation rate and stomatal conductance and increased needle electrolyte leakage in both species. Flooded tamarack seedlings maintained a higher net assimilation rate and stomatal conductance compared to flooded black spruce. Flooded tamarack seedlings were also able to maintain higher root hydraulic conductance compared to flooded black spruce seedlings at a comparable time period of flooding. Root respiration declined in both species under flooding. Sugar concentration increased in shoots while decreasing in roots in both species under flooding. Needles of flooded black spruce appeared necrotic and electrolyte leakage increased over time with flooding and remained significantly higher than in flooded tamarack seedlings. No visible damage symptoms were observed in flooded tamarack seedlings. Flooded tamarack seedlings developed adventitious roots beginning 16 days after the start of flooding treatment. Adventitious roots exhibited significantly higher root hydraulic conductivity than similarly sized flooded tamarack roots. Flooded black spruce lacked any such morphological adaptation. These results suggest that tamarack is better able to adjust both morphologically and physiologically to prolonged soil flooding than black spruce seedlings. 相似文献
9.
N. Rama Rao 《Plant and Soil》1986,96(1):125-131
Summary Potassium requirements for growth—dry matter (DM) and leaf area (LA) and related processes — relative leaf growth rate (RLGR),
relative growth rate (RGR), net assimilation rate (NAR) and crop growth rate (CGR) were determined by plant analysis during
the entogeny of wheat. Wheat (Triticum aestivum cv. HD 2329) plants were supplied with different amounts of K from deficient to adequate through nutrient solution. Samples
were taken at specific stages for K determinations. The DM and LA were recorded at 45d, 75d and 105d. The growth related processes
RGR, NAR and CGR were estimated between 30–45d, 45–75d and 75–105d. In case of RLGR the observations were carried out between
15–30d, 30–45d and 45–75d. These physiological processes and grain yield were correlated with K concentration in whole plant
at 30 and 45d and top two leaves at 75 and 105d.
The results indicated that k status in plants influences growth mostly through leaf area formation which inturn influences
successively RLGR, RGR and CGR and finally grain yield. For vegetative growth the optimum concentration required in plants
was always lower than the optimum for grain production. 相似文献
10.
From Flooded to Aerobic Conditions in Rice Cultivation: Consequences for Zinc Uptake 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Scarcity of water causes a shift from flooded to aerobic conditions for rice production in zinc deficient areas in Northern
China. This shift alters soil conditions that affect zinc availability to the crop. This paper concerns the effect of aerobic
compared to flooded conditions on crop biomass production, grain yield and zinc content. A field experiment was done with
six rice genotypes (Oryza sativa L.) grown on a calcareous soil, both with (23 kg Zn ha−1) and without Zn fertilization. Sampling was conducted at tillering and physiological mature stage. Zn concentration in the
shoots was significantly lower at both stages in plants grown in the aerobic field. At maturity, Zn uptake, biomass production,
grain yield and Zn-harvest index [grain Zn/(shoot + grain Zn)] were lower under aerobic cultivation. Rice genotypes including
aerobic rice and lowland rice differ in degree of response to low Zn supply. A twofold difference was found among aerobic
genotypes in grain yield and Zn uptake. Also Zn-harvest index varied significantly. Zn application affected neither grain
yield nor grain Zn content, although it significantly improved biomass production in both systems in most genotypes. These
results demonstrate that introduction of aerobic rice systems on calcareous soils may increase Zn deficiency problems. 相似文献
11.
Kuchel H Williams KJ Langridge P Eagles HA Jefferies SP 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2007,115(8):1029-1041
Grain yield forms one of the key economic drivers behind a successful wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cropping enterprise and is consequently a major target for wheat breeding programmes. However, due to its complex nature,
little is known regarding the genetic control of grain yield. A doubled-haploid population, comprising 182 individuals, produced
from a cross between two cultivars ‘Trident’ and ‘Molineux’, was used to construct a linkage map based largely on microsatellite
molecular makers. ‘Trident’ represents a lineage of wheat varieties from southern Australia that has achieved consistently
high relative grain yield across a range of environments. In comparison, ‘Molineux’ would be rated as a variety with low to
moderate grain yield. The doubled-haploid population was grown from 2002 to 2005 in replicated field experiments at a range
of environments across the southern Australian wheat belt. In total, grain yield data were recorded for the population at
18 site-year combinations. Grain yield components were also measured at three of these environments. Many loci previously
found to be involved in the control of plant height, rust resistance and ear-emergence were found to influence grain yield
and grain yield components in this population. An additional nine QTL, apparently unrelated to these traits, were also associated
with grain yield. A QTL associated with grain yield on chromosome 1B, with no significant relationship with plant height,
ear-emergence or rust resistance, was detected (LOD ≥2) at eight of the 18 environments. The mean yield, across 18 environments,
of individuals carrying the ‘Molineux’ allele at the 1B locus was 4.8% higher than the mean grain yield of those lines carrying
the ‘Trident’ allele at this locus. Another QTL identified on chromosome 4D was also associated with overall gain yield at
six of the 18 environments. Of the nine grain yield QTL not shown to be associated with plant height, phenology or rust resistance,
two were located near QTL associated with grain yield components. A third QTL, associated with grain yield components at each
of the environments used for testing, was located on chromosome 7D. However, this QTL was not associated with grain yield
at any of the environments. The implications of these findings on marker-assisted selection for grain yield are discussed. 相似文献
12.
To investigate the effects of the simultaneous occurrence of salt stress and tidal sea-level rise on mangroves, potted Kandelia candel seedlings were treated under deep flooding (flooded 40 cm above the soil surface for 16 h per day, inundating the entire
plant) and shallow flooding (flooded just above the soil surface for 8 h per day) at salinity levels of 5, 15, and 25 ppt
over 14 months. Deep flooding enhanced stem elongations at all salinity levels but increased stem biomass only at 5 ppt. Deep
flooding increased both leaf production and leaf fall; leaf biomass increased at 5 ppt, but decreased at 15 and 25 ppt. Biomass
ratios of root/shoot (R/S) of deep flooding treatments were significantly lower than those of shallow flooding treatments.
Under deep flooding, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities did not show significant change between 5 and 15 ppt, but increased
at 25 ppt. With increasing salinity level, peroxidase (POD) activities increased, and the difference between shallow and deep
flooding was enhanced. Malonaldehyde (MDA) content significantly decreased at 25 ppt with 40 cm flooding, but was not affected
by other treatments. These results demonstrated that the growth and physiological responses of K. candel seedlings under deep flooding conditions varied with salinity level; growth was enhanced at low salinity level but inhibited
at high salinity level. It is therefore probable that K. candel will shift from downstream to upstream, where the influence of fresher river water resources will ameliorate the effects
of increased salinities that accompany deeper tidal flooding in these mangrove ecosystems. 相似文献
13.
Haydn Kuchel Rebecca Fox Jason Reinheimer Lee Mosionek Nicholas Willey Harbans Bariana Stephen Jefferies 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》2007,20(4):295-308
A number of useful marker-trait associations have been reported for wheat. However the number of publications detailing the
integrated and pragmatic use of molecular markers in wheat breeding is limited. A previous report by some of these authors
showed how marker-assisted selection could increase the genetic gain and economic efficiency of a specific breeding strategy.
Here, we present a practical validation of that study. The target of this breeding strategy was to produce wheat lines derived
from an elite Australian cultivar ‘Stylet’, with superior dough properties and durable rust resistance donated from ‘Annuello’.
Molecular markers were used to screen a BC1F1 population produced from a cross between the recurrent parent ‘Stylet’ and the donor parent ‘Annuello’ for the presence of
rust resistance genes Lr34/Yr18 and Lr46/Yr29. Following this, marker-assisted selection was applied to haploid plants, prior to chromosome doubling with cochicine, for
the rust resistance genes Lr24/Sr24, Lr34/Yr18, height reducing genes, and for the grain protein genes Glu-D1 and Glu-A3. In general, results from this study agreed with those of the simulation study. Genetic improvement for rust resistance was
greatest when marker selection was applied on BC1F1 individuals. Introgression of both the Lr34/Yr18 and Lr46/Yr29 loci into the susceptible recurrent parent background resulted in substantial improvement in leaf rust and stripe rust resistance
levels. Selection for favourable glutenin alleles significantly improved dough resistance and dough extensibility. Marker-assisted
selection for improved grain yield, through the selection of recurrent parent genome using anonymous markers, only marginally
improved grain yield at one of the five sites used for grain yield assessment. In summary, the integration of marker-assisted
selection for specific target genes, particularly at the early stages of a breeding programme, is likely to substantially
increase genetic improvement in wheat. 相似文献
14.
Frank P. Day Jr. 《American journal of botany》1987,74(10):1541-1554
A greenhouse experiment was conducted on Acer rubrum seedlings to evaluate the effects of flood frequency on production and allocation of biomass and to test the effects of N and P fertilization on production and allocation. Seedlings from the Dismal Swamp were subjected to three flood treatments (no flooding, intermittent flooding, and continuous flooding) and four enrichment treatments (no enrichment, N additions, P additions, and N + P additions). More continuous flooding resulted in less biomass production. Biomass increased during the study in all treatments except for root mass in the continuously flooded treatment. However, production of abundant adventitious roots compensated for the lack of normal root growth. Root/shoot ratios exhibited the greatest decreases in the continuously flooded plants. Plants with N + P added had significantly more leaf, stem, and total mass than the nonenriched plants four months into the study. The N + P additions had apparently compensated for the effects of flood stress in the continuously flooded plants by the end of the study. The fertilized seedlings accumulated higher concentrations of N and P, but their nutrient use efficiency (biomass production per unit nutrient absorbed) was lower than in the nonenriched plants. Acer rubrum seedlings survive flooded conditions through several adaptations; however, theirgrowth is slowed by continuous flooding. 相似文献
15.
Induction of shoots is possible from cotyledonary node of Vigna radiata seedlings by culturing them on a low concentration of thidiazuron (TDZ 1.0 μM). Interestingly, flooding the seedlings with the same concentration of TDZ considerably enhanced this effect and also led to the induction of shoots from the epicotyl – an unexpected and significant finding. Even plain mineral medium evoked this response on flooding. But seedlings raised on TDZ and flooding with mineral medium was not so effective. Instead seedlings raised on TDZ (1.0 μM) medium as well as flooding with it had synergistic effect. In a comparative study TDZ (1.0 μM) was found to be more effective than BAP (10 μM). Marked repression of root formation and expansion of shoot–apex were noted in seedlings raised on TDZ or BAP, particularly in cultures that were flooded. 相似文献
16.
Carbon isotope discrimination has been proposed as a criterion for the indirect selection to improve transpiration efficiency and grain yield in bread wheat and barley. Less attention has been devoted to durumwheat (Triticum durumDesf.) despite its economic importance in the Mediterranean basin. The Δ genetic variation and its relationships to dry matter production and harvest index in durum wheat were investigated in this study. For this purpose, field experiments were conducted on 144 durum wheat accessions under Mediterranean conditions (South of France) during three consecutive years with contrasting climatic conditions. Grain yield, above-ground biomass, harvest index, and carbon isotope discrimination of flag leaf and kernel were measured. Differences between years, noted for both leaf and kernel carbon isotope discrimination, were probably related to the variation in water availability from year to year. A large genotypic variation was also noticed for both leaf and kernel carbon isotope discrimination. The two traits were found to be positively correlated with grain yield within and across years, which confirms the interest in carbon isotope discrimination for selection for grain yield improvement under Mediterranean conditions. Both kernel and leaf carbon isotope discrimination correlated better with harvest index than with grain yield, suggesting that carbon isotope discrimination could reflect the efficiency of carbon partitioning to the kernel. The lack of correlation between leaf carbon isotope discrimination and both harvest index and grain yield in favourable water conditions (1996) was probably due to the difference in water availability between the period until flag leaves sampling (favourable conditions) and the strong water stress which accompanied the grain filling. Kernel carbon isotope discrimination correlated better with both harvest index and grain yield than did leaf carbon isotope discrimination. Moreover, a higher broad-sense heritability was obtained for kernel carbon isotope discrimination than for leaf carbon isotope discrimination. As a result, kernel carbon isotope discrimination appeared to be a better predictive criterion for efficiency of the carbon partitioning to the kernel (harvest index), and hence for grain yield, than did flag leaf carbon isotope discrimination. 相似文献
17.
18.
The effect of short-term flooding on the sap flow, gas exchange and hydraulic conductivity of young apricot trees 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Emilio Nicolás Arturo Torrecillas José Dell’Amico Juan José Alarcón 《Trees - Structure and Function》2005,19(1):51-57
The effect of short-term flooding was examined in 2-year-old apricot trees (Prunus armeniaca cv. Búlida). Six apricot trees of similar appearance were submitted to two treatments: three were irrigated daily, while the others were flooded for a period of 50 h by submerging the pots in plastic water tanks. The trees were removed from the water, drained and then placed in the same conditions as the control plants. A decrease in transpiration in the flooded trees with respect to the control plants was evident. The daily pattern of soil O2 concentration and plant hydraulic resistance followed a similar trend during the flooding. However, this relationship was not maintained throughout the experiment, since the O2 values increased rapidly when the waterlogging ceased, while plant hydraulic resistance only recovered at the end of the experiment when the original root system, damaged by flooded conditions, was replaced with new roots. In flooded trees, the midday leaf water potential decreased progressively from the beginning of flooding, but gradually recovered when the waterlogging ceased. Leaf conductance values of treated plants were slow to recover, reaching values of the control plants 8 days after the leaf water potential had recovered. The close relationship observed during most of the experiment between the leaf water parameters, leaf conductance and plant hydraulic conductance indicate that hydraulic messages are likely to play a dominant role in co-ordinating the observed responses of the shoot. 相似文献
19.
Mitsuhiro Obara Wataru Tamura Takeshi Ebitani Masahiro Yano Tadashi Sato Tomoyuki Yamaya 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2010,121(3):535-547
Root system development is an important target for improving yield in cereal crops. Active root systems that can take up nutrients
more efficiently are essential for enhancing grain yield. In this study, we attempted to identify quantitative trait loci
(QTL) involved in root system development by measuring root length of rice seedlings grown in hydroponic culture. Reliable
growth conditions for estimating the root length were first established to renew nutrient solutions daily and supply NH4
+ as a single nitrogen source. Thirty-eight chromosome segment substitution lines derived from a cross between ‘Koshihikari’,
a japonica variety, and ‘Kasalath’, an indica variety, were used to detect QTL for seminal root length of seedlings grown in 5 or 500 μM NH4
+. Eight chromosomal regions were found to be involved in root elongation. Among them, the most effective QTL was detected
on a ‘Kasalath’ segment of SL-218, which was localized to the long-arm of chromosome 6. The ‘Kasalath’ allele at this QTL,
qRL6.1, greatly promoted root elongation under all NH4
+ concentrations tested. The genetic effect of this QTL was confirmed by analysis of the near-isogenic line (NIL) qRL6.1. The seminal root length of the NIL was 13.5–21.1% longer than that of ‘Koshihikari’ under different NH4
+ concentrations. Toward our goal of applying qRL6.1 in a molecular breeding program to enhance rice yield, a candidate genomic region of qRL6.1 was delimited within a 337 kb region in the ‘Nipponbare’ genome by means of progeny testing of F2 plants/F3 lines derived from a cross between SL-218 and ‘Koshihikari’. 相似文献
20.