共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
SRY和SRY盒基因比较树 总被引:4,自引:2,他引:2
性别决定区Y(SRY)基因是人类和哺乳动物睾丸决定因子(TDF)的最佳候选基因。本文基于SRY/Sry和SRY盒基因保守区氨基酸序列相似性,采用聚类分析方法,将该基因家族聚类为四个亚族,即SOXS1,SOXS2,SOXS3和SOXS4,各亚族间同源性小于60%。所有哺乳动物和人类SRY/Sry都聚在SOXS1亚族内。该亚族由SOXS11和SOXS12两组组成,真兽亚纲哺乳动物和人类SRY/Sry基因都集中在SOXS12组内。 相似文献
2.
大熊猫SRY基因的PCR扩增和克隆 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
本文采用人SRY基因的一对引物,通过PCR扩增获得了雄性大熊猫SRY基因片段。表明大熊猫存在与人SRY基因同源的相应基因,将PCR产物与载体pUC-Eco-T连接后,用以转化JM109菌,经过与人SRY基因探针菌落杂交筛选获得了大熊猫SRY苈在克隆,命名为pAMY0.6,其插入片段为相应于人SRY基因保守区在内的一段约609bpDNA。此外,还制作和比较分析了人和大熊猫基因片段的限制酶图谱。 相似文献
3.
高等植物的性别表型具多态性,这与植物性别决定的遗传基础有关,高等植的性别与性别决定基因,性染色体及常染色体有关,其性别决定系统有性别决定基因决定性别、性染色体决定性别及X染色体与常染色体间的基因平衡决定性别等多种方式。 相似文献
4.
人的性别究竟是由什么来决定?过去人们常认为:人的性别由性染色体决定,且主要由Y染色体所决定,即在人体的体细胞内,除了含有成对的常染色体以外,凡含有x和Y染色体的为男性,凡含有两个x染色体的为女性。但是也有性染色体组成为XX的男性。据估计,具有XX性染色体的男性约在两万个男性中就有一个。为什么体细胞含有XX染色体的个体是男 相似文献
5.
6.
7.
是什么决定了胎儿的性别张康德昌达Gulangyu(厦门大学1374信箱)☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆这是笔者多年的研究成果。提出了一种非同于以往的新学说,并经过124例测试,有96例准确,准确率为77.4%。这一学说概括为:男性(或女性)在“统一体”(胎儿)中起... 相似文献
8.
9.
10.
虽然人们已经鉴定出了线虫、果蝇和哺乳动物的性别决定基因,但直到最近才首次在非哺乳类脊椎动物中发现了性别决定基因DMY.介绍了在青鳉中发现DMY基因的经过,发现DMY基因的意义和DMY基因在其他鱼类中的分布,最后对未来的研究进行了展望. 相似文献
11.
早期胚胎的发育选择:性别决定 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
性别决定是一个复杂的发育调控过程, 早期胚胎发育过程中, 雌雄二者必居其一的发育选择是胚胎性腺形成必须的发育决定。文章综述了动物性别决定的遗传系统、性腺发生、性别决定关键基因及其作用机制, 从分子进化的角度分析了性染色体与性别决定形成机制, 提示性别决定基因在进化中总是趋向异配性染色体。 相似文献
12.
植物性别决定的研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过回顾近年来以多种植物为材料进行的性染色体观察,性别决定基因及调控方式的研究,对植物性别决定的机制进行了初步探讨,从而可以看出不同植物具有不同的性别决定机制:对于有性染色体的植物而言,目前已经从Y染色体上分离和鉴定了许多与雄性发育紧密相关的基因;部分性别决定基因和调控序列已利用构建减法文库,诱导突变体等方法从一些植物中获得。此外,还有研究表明,DNA脱甲基化,以及某些激素(如赤霉素、乙烯、Ace)都对植物的性别决定有重要作用。 相似文献
13.
Genetic evidence for co-occurrence of chromosomal and thermal sex-determining systems in a lizard 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
An individual's sex depends upon its genes (genotypic sex determination or GSD) in birds and mammals, but reptiles are more complex: some species have GSD whereas in others, nest temperatures determine offspring sex (temperature-dependent sex determination). Previous studies suggested that montane scincid lizards (Bassiana duperreyi, Scincidae) possess both of these systems simultaneously: offspring sex is determined by heteromorphic sex chromosomes (XX-XY system) in most natural nests, but sex ratio shifts suggest that temperatures override chromosomal sex in cool nests to generate phenotypically male offspring even from XX eggs. We now provide direct evidence that incubation temperatures can sex-reverse genotypically female offspring, using a DNA sex marker. Application of exogenous hormone to eggs also can sex-reverse offspring (oestradiol application produces XY as well as XX females). In conjunction with recent work on a distantly related lizard taxon, our study challenges the notion of a fundamental dichotomy between genetic and thermally determined sex determination, and hence the validity of current classification schemes for sex-determining systems in reptiles. 相似文献
14.
16.
17.
A workshop on ‘The evolution of sex determination systems’ was held at a remote place in the Swiss Alps from 17 to 20 June 2009. It brought together theoreticians and empiricists, the latter ranging from molecular geneticists to evolutionary ecologists, all trying to understand key aspects of sex determination. The topics discussed included the evolutionary origins of sex determination, the diversity of sex determination mechanisms in different taxa, and the transition from genotypic to environmental sex determination and vice versa. 相似文献
18.
19.
Wen‐Juan Ma Nicolas Rodrigues Roberto Sermier Alan Brelsford Nicolas Perrin 《Ecology and evolution》2016,6(15):5107-5117
Patterns of sex‐chromosome differentiation and gonadal development have been shown to vary among populations of Rana temporaria along a latitudinal transect in Sweden. Frogs from the northern‐boreal population of Ammarnäs displayed well‐differentiated X and Y haplotypes, early gonadal differentiation, and a perfect match between phenotypic and genotypic sex. In contrast, no differentiated Y haplotypes could be detected in the southern population of Tvedöra, where juveniles furthermore showed delayed gonadal differentiation. Here, we show that Dmrt1, a gene that plays a key role in sex determination and sexual development across all metazoans, displays significant sex differentiation in Tvedöra, with a Y‐specific haplotype distinct from Ammarnäs. The differential segment is not only much shorter in Tvedöra than in Ammarnäs, it is also less differentiated and associates with both delayed gonadal differentiation and imperfect match between phenotypic and genotypic sex. Whereas Tvedöra juveniles with a local Y haplotype tend to ultimately develop as males, those without it may nevertheless become functional XX males, but with strongly female‐biased progeny. Our findings suggest that the variance in patterns of sex determination documented in common frogs might result from a genetic polymorphism within a small genomic region that contains Dmrt1. They also substantiate the view that recurrent convergences of sex determination toward a limited set of chromosome pairs may result from the co‐option of small genomic regions that harbor key genes from the sex‐determination pathway. 相似文献
20.
Environmental sex reversal,Trojan sex genes,and sex ratio adjustment: conditions and population consequences 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The great diversity of sex determination mechanisms in animals and plants ranges from genetic sex determination (GSD, e.g. mammals, birds, and most dioecious plants) to environmental sex determination (ESD, e.g. many reptiles) and includes a mixture of both, for example when an individual’s genetically determined sex is environmentally reversed during ontogeny (ESR, environmental sex reversal, e.g. many fish and amphibia). ESD and ESR can lead to widely varying and unstable population sex ratios. Populations exposed to conditions such as endocrine‐active substances or temperature shifts may decline over time due to skewed sex ratios, a scenario that may become increasingly relevant with greater anthropogenic interference on watercourses. Continuous exposure of populations to factors causing ESR could lead to the extinction of genetic sex factors and may render a population dependent on the environmental factors that induce the sex change. However, ESR also presents opportunities for population management, especially if the Y or W chromosome is not, or not severely, degenerated. This seems to be the case in many amphibians and fish. Population growth or decline in such species can potentially be controlled through the introduction of so‐called Trojan sex genes carriers, individuals that possess sex chromosomes or genes opposite from what their phenotype predicts. Here, we review the conditions for ESR, its prevalence in natural populations, the resulting physiological and reproductive consequences, and how these may become instrumental for population management. 相似文献