白桦HD-Zip基因家族生物信息学及应答盐胁迫分析

HD-Zip转录因子蛋白家族是植物特有的一类转录因子蛋白,在植物生长发育和抵抗逆境胁迫等过程中发挥着重要作用。利用白桦全基因组数据库,获得白桦35条HD-Zip蛋白序列,参考拟南芥中该家族的分类方法,将这些成员分成HD-ZipⅠ-Ⅳ四个亚家族,并对这些成员的蛋白保守结构域、氨基酸组成、染色体分布、和理化性质等进行了预测和分析。从高盐处理的白桦幼苗根组织的转录组数据,鉴定了7个差异表达的基因。本研究为进一步研究白桦HD-Zip家族基因调控白桦耐盐性的功能提供了理论支持。     

Cucumis sativus L-type lectin receptor kinase (CsLecRK) gene family response to Phytophthora melonis, Phytophthora capsici and water immersion in disease resistant and susceptible cucumber cultivars

L-type lectin receptor kinase (LecRK) proteins are an important family involved in diverse biological processes such as pollen development, senescence, wounding, salinity and especially in innate immunity in model plants such as Arabidopsis and tobacco. Till date, LecRK proteins or genes of cucumber have not been reported. In this study, a total of 25 LecRK genes were identified in the cucumber genome, unequally distributed across its seven chromosomes. According to similarity comparison of their encoded proteins, the Cucumis sativus LecRK (CsLecRK) genes were classified into six major clades (from Clade I to CladeVI). Expression of CsLecRK genes were tested using QRT-PCR method and the results showed that 25 CsLecRK genes exhibited different responses to abiotic (water immersion) and biotic (Phytophthora melonis and Phytophthora capsici inoculation) stresses, as well as that between disease resistant cultivar (JSH) and disease susceptible cultivar (B80). Among the 25 CsLecRK genes, we found CsLecRK6.1 was especially induced by P. melonis and P. capsici in JSH plants. All these results suggested that CsLecRK genes may play important roles in biotic and abiotic stresses.     

小黑杨HD-Zip转录因子家族生物信息学及应答盐胁迫分析

HD-Zip转录因子基因是植物中特有的一类蛋白家族,在植物生长发育和逆境应答胁迫过程中发挥重要作用。HD-Zip转录因子基因是由高度保守的同源异型结构域（HD）和亮氨酸拉链域（LZ）结构域构成的特殊结构模型。杨树HD-Zip转录因子家族共有63个基因,可被分为HD-ZipⅠ、HD-ZipⅡ、HD-ZipⅢ和HD-ZipⅣ四个亚家族。本文利用RNA-Seq分析了盐胁迫条件下HD-Zip基因家族在小黑杨根、茎、叶等不同组织的基因表达差异,从转录组水平揭示其应答胁迫环境的分子机制,结果表明,盐胁迫下在叶中有25个HD-Zip基因下调表达,21个基因上调表达;茎中有42个基因下调表达,11个基因上调表达;根中有26个基因下调表达,24个基因上调表达。另外,本文根据拟南芥HD-Zip转录因子家族基因的已知功能,预测了杨树HD-Zip转录因子同源基因的功能,并利用生物信息学方法分析了杨树HD-Zip转录因子蛋白序列的保守结构域、氨基酸组成和理化性质等,为进一步研究杨树HD-Zip转录因子基因功能提供参考。     

植物HD-Zip转录因子的生物学功能

HD-Zip转录因子属于Homeobox蛋白家族, 是植物特异转录因子, 由高度保守的HD(Homeodomain)结构域和Leu zipper(Zip)元件组成, 前者与DNA特异结合, 后者介导蛋白二聚体的形成。HD-Zip转录因子家族包括4个亚家族(HD-Zip Ⅰ-Ⅳ), 其成员通过与其他蛋白互作、参与激素介导的信号途径, 从而调控植物生长发育、光形态建成、花发育、果实发育和植物对逆境应答等生物学过程。文章对近几年关于植物HD-Zip转录因子参与上述生物学功能方面的研究进行了综述, 以期对新功能基因的挖掘和应用研究以及HD-Zip调控机制的阐明奠定基础。     

Effect of Soils from Six Management Systems on Root-knot Nematodes and Plant Growth in Greenhouse Assays

The effects of soil management systems on root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) eggs and gall incidence on tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) and cucumber (Cucumis sativus) following tomato were evaluated. Soil was collected from a replicated field experiment in which six management systems were being assessed for vegetable production. Soil management systems were conventional production, organic production, bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum) pasture, bahiagrass: Stylosanthes (Stylosanthes guianensis) pasture, bare ground fallow, and weed fallow. Soil was collected from field plots and used in greenhouse experiments. Identification of egg-parasitic fungi and the incidence of root-knot nematode galling were assessed both on tomato and cucumber planted in the same pots following the removal of tomato plants. Organic, bare ground fallow and conventional production treatments reduced galling both on tomato and on cucumber following tomato. Although no treatment consistently enhanced egg-parasitic fungi, management system did affect egg viability and the types of fungi isolated from parasitized eggs.     

Control of Meloidogyne javanica by Formulations of Inula viscosa Leaf Extracts

Inula viscosa is a perennial plant that is widely distributed in Mediterranean countries. Formulations of I. viscosa extracts were tested for their effectiveness in control of Meloidogyne javanica in laboratory, growth chamber, microplot, and field experiments. Oily pastes were obtained by extraction of dry leaves with a mixture of acetone and n-hexane or n-hexane alone, followed by evaporation of the solvents. Emulsifiable concentrate formulations of the pastes killed M. javanica juveniles in sand at a concentration of 0.01% (paste, w/w) or greater and reduced the galling index of cucumber seedlings as well as the galling index and numbers of nematode eggs on tomato plants in growth chamber experiments. In microplot experiments, the hexane-extract formulation at 26 g paste/m² reduced nematode infection on tomato plants in one of two experiments. In a field experiment, a reduction of 40% in root galling index by one of two formulations was observed on lettuce plants. The plant extracts have potential as a natural nematicide, although the formulations need improvement.