Epstein-Barr病毒和鼻咽癌血清学诊断

EB病毒与鼻咽癌关系密切。 EB病毒抗原可用于鼻咽癌早期诊断以提高鼻咽癌病人存活率。本文对 EB病毒生活周期及其抗原系统 ,EB病毒与鼻咽癌之间关系及应用 EB病毒抗原进行鼻咽癌血清学诊断的进展作一概括介绍     

EB病毒检测技术研究进展

EB病毒属于人类疱疹病毒Ⅳ型,是一种普遍存在的病原体,可以导致多种疾病。有效的EBV诊断对治疗选择和治疗监测有指导意义。目前实验室用于检测EB病毒的方法主要是血清学方法和核酸检测方法,血清学方法对于EB病毒感染相关疾病的诊断有着重要意义,但是不能监测疾病的发展与转归。核酸检测方法可以直观地反映病毒的存在,灵敏度高。不同的检测方法和标本类型都有着不同的临床意义和适用范围,因此对这些方法进行正确的选择非常重要。这篇综述介绍了目前常见的EB病毒检测方法的进展,详述了各种技术的优缺点,为临床选择适合的检测方法提供参考。     

Epstein—Barr病毒载体及其在基因治疗中的应用

EB病毒具有多种生物学特性,据此构建了宿主范围广泛的EB病毒载体。因其较其它病毒载体具有明显优势,所以具有良好的应用前景,本文对EB病毒生物学特性和载体的研制及在基因治疗中的作用作了较全成阐述。     

EB病毒及其疫苗的研究进展

EB病毒广泛存在于人群中,它的潜伏感染与多种疾病密切相关,包括鼻咽癌等恶性肿瘤,研制疫苗用于EB病毒相关疾病的预防和治疗十分必要。本综述了EB病毒的结构及基因表达特点、EB病毒潜伏期感染基因表达及潜伏期基因产物的功能,以及研制EB病毒疫苗的靶抗原的选择。     

土壤中含EB病毒诱导物的检测

从广西壮族自治区梧州市、苍梧县、罗城县和北京市收集的土壤标本中发现有EB病毒诱导物。梧州市和苍梧县沿公路和江河两旁桐油树下的土壤标本,对EB病毒早期抗原诱导的阳性率为40～58％。在其他大戟科植物下的土壤标本中,也发现有EB病毒诱导物。对桐油树下土壤中EB病毒诱导物与鼻咽癌发生的可能关系进行了讨论。     

EB病毒受体研究进展

EB病毒与人类多种恶性肿瘤有关,此病毒识别、结合并进入靶细胞与细胞膜上的EB病毒受体有密切关系。近年来发现此受体即补体受体CR2。本文介绍了研究EB病毒受体的方法、受体的分布、与补体受体CR2的关系、受体的功能以及EB病毒进入细胞的途径。     

Epstein-Barr病毒的免疫调控与逃逸机制北大核心CSCD

EB病毒(Epstein-Barr Virus,EBV)属于γ疱疹病毒科,是第一个被发现与人类肿瘤相关的DNA病毒。EB病毒通过激活Toll样受体(Toll like receptors,TLRs)信号通路,诱导I型干扰素的大量释放和功能性的自噬机制,从而引起机体的免疫应答。然而,相对于其他疱疹病毒,EB病毒已进化出更为精细且错综复杂的机制来破坏和逃逸宿主的免疫系统,如限制自身蛋白表达、活化宿主的泛素-蛋白酶体系统、干扰或逆转自噬与泛素化修饰等。这些机制会引发EB病毒在宿主体内的持续性感染,导致宿主免疫功能失调,引发EB病毒相关疾病(如鼻咽癌、传染性单核细胞增多症等)。因此,研究EB病毒特异性的免疫调控机制不仅对深入理解EB病毒的潜伏性感染和致癌性至关重要,而且还将为EB病毒诱发的相关疾病的免疫预防与治疗鉴定出新的潜在靶点。此文主要阐述了EB病毒调控宿主免疫应答和逃逸先天免疫应答的分子机制。     

采用原位杂交及电镜检测CR2转染小鼠细胞的EB病毒感染

EB病毒不能感染小鼠是因为小鼠CR2受体构像与人的不同,通过对小鼠CR2受体进行定点空变,然后将野生型和突变型小鼠CR2／1（MCR2／1）及人CR2（hCR2）用基因转移技术导入小鼠鼻咽上皮细胞系（TMNE）进行表达,观察转染阳性细胞是否具有结合EB病毒的能力,EBER－1杂交结果显示,只有转染hCR2和空变型MCR2（mtMCR2)的TMNE细胞可以感染EB病毒,但是前感染EB病毒的阳性率比后高的高得多。电镜结果也进一步证实EB病毒可以感染这两种细胞,这为进一步研究EB病毒进入细胞的机制及建立EB病毒相关的鼻咽癌动物模型奠定了良好的基础。     

BZLF1激活潜伏状态EB病毒分子机制的研究进展

EB病毒基因组中BZLF1基因及其蛋白产物在潜伏状态EB病毒再活化过程中主要作用,本文就BZLF1激活潜伏状态EB病毒分了机制的研究进展作一介绍。     

体外抑制EB病毒药物的应用研究

EB病毒容易感染人,与人类许多疾病高度相关,严重威胁人类健康。目前尚无有效的预防EB病毒感染的措施且针对EB病毒的药物比较局限,故而对EB病毒感染进行治疗显得十分重要。近年来研究发现,许多药物在体外可对EB病毒有很好的抑制效果。仅就体外抑制EB病毒的药物,如核苷类似药、硼替佐米、寡脱氧核苷酸、乳铁蛋白、砷剂、维生素甲类化合物、亚硒酸钠、某些中草药等的近期研究现状进行综述。     

Age-related functional decline of human B cells

Cytotechnology - This study aimed to investigate the changes in B cell functional decline and antigen sensitization with aging using two Epstein Barr virus (EBV)-immortalized human B cell lines,...     

鼻咽癌Epstein-Barr病毒的原位分子杂交研究

应用Epstein-Barr病毒编码的小RNA－1（Epstein-Barr virus encoded small RNA-1,EBER-1)分子探针进行原位分子杂交,检测沈阳地区鼻咽癌的Epstein-Barr病毒存在状况及意义。结果发现：EBER－1杂交信号定位于鼻咽癌的癌细胞核,在正常的鼻咽粘膜上皮细胞、间质细胞、粘液腺及淋巴细胞均为阴性。在53例鼻咽癌病例中,37例阳性,阳性率为69.8%。EBER－1的阳性表达与鼻咽癌的分化程度呈负相关,与患的生存期未见明显关系。提示：应用EBER－1分子探针可进行回顾性研究：EB病毒的存在与鼻咽癌的分化程度成负相关。     

Murine Models of Chronic Viral Infections and Associated Cancers

Molecular Biology - Viruses are now recognized as bona fide etiologic factors of human cancer. Carcinogenic viruses include Epstein– Barr virus (EBV), high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs),...     

High risk human papillomavirus and Epstein Barr virus in human breast milk

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Multiple viruses, including human immunodeficiency virus, Epstein Barr virus (EBV) and mouse mammary tumour virus have been identified in human milk. High risk human papillomavirus (HPV) sequences have been identified in breast cancer. The aim of this study is to determine if viral sequences are present in human milk from normal lactating women. FINDINGS: Standard (liquid) and in situ polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques were used to identify HPV and EBV in human milk samples from normal lactating Australian women who had no history of breast cancer.High risk human papillomavirus was identified in milk samples of 6 of 40 (15%) from normal lactating women - sequencing on four samples showed three were HPV 16 and one was HPV 18. Epstein Barr virus was identified in fourteen samples (33%). CONCLUSION: The presence of high risk HPV and EBV in human milk suggests the possibility of milk transmission of these viruses. However, given the rarity of viral associated malignancies in young people, it is possible but unlikely, that such transmission is associated with breast or other cancers.     

Genetic instability in EBV-transformed lymphoblastoid cell lines

Epstein Barr virus (EBV)-transformed lymphoblastoid cell lines are commonly used to provide an inexhaustible supply of DNA. We examined microsatellite instability in these cell lines in 35 individuals where DNA was available from the original blood samples and from cultured cell lines. Mutations were observed in 0.3% of the analyses, thus providing a quantitative measure of somatic mutation rate.     

Immune responses to Epstein–Barr virus: molecular interactions in the virus evasion of CD8+ T cell immunity

Persistent viruses have mechanisms for modulating the host immune responses that are essential for achieving a lifelong virus–host balance while minimizing the viral pathogenicity. Here we review some of the immune-modulating mechanisms evolved by the ubiquitous but potentially oncogenic Epstein–Barr virus, with particular emphasis on the molecular mechanisms of genes interfering with HLA class I antigen presentation.     

Surface marker characterization of EBV target cells in normal blood and tonsil B lymphocyte populations

Human FACS-sorted B lymphocyte subpopulations were investigated for their susceptibility to immortalization by Epstein Barr virus (EBV). Only B cells reacting with the monoclonal antibody B2 were immortalized, whereas cells reacting with anti-human IgG or the monoclonal antibody BB2 were not responding. Cells positive or negative for IgM, IgD, Burkitt's lymphoma antigen (BLA), BB1, and HB2 were all transformed by EBV.     

Sister chromatid exchange in patients with viral disease

Sister chromatid exchange (SCE) frequencies were studied in differentially stained chromosomes from lymphocytes of 17 patients with viral disease. The mean SCE score for the patients was 8.7 +/- 2.9 standard deviations. SCE scores were significantly elevated in the patients compared with the controls (p less than 0.01); however, variability in SCE means was observed in the patients. SCE elevations were also present in long term cultured Epstein Barr virus positive human B lymphocytes.     

Properties of simian adenovirus 7 after one single passage in simian marmoset lymphoblastoid cells transformed by Epstein Barr virus

Simian adenovirus 7 gave an abortive infection in simian marmoset lymphoblastoid cells, B 95-8 and M 81 (transformed by Epstein Barr Virus) whereas non transformed simian lymphocytes could not replicate this virus. Electron dense incomplete particles with a lower density than standard virus in CsCl gradients were isolated. Virus yields were low and the percentage of cells containing viral antigen as measured by immunofluorescence was 0.01% for B 95-8 cells and still less for the M 81 cells. After a single passage in either lymphoblastic cell lines, they had a reduced oncogenicity in vivo. The polypeptide pattern analysis by PAGE showed some modifications.