共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
The winter migration of Adelie penguins breeding in the Ross Sea sector of Antarctica 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
Satellite telemetry was used to monitor the migratory movements of a single Adelie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) from Cape Hallett (72.31°S, 170.21°E) following the 1997/1998 breeding season. Locations were obtained using the ARGOS satellite system and compared with the migratory paths taken by two penguins from the Northern Colony at Cape Bird, Ross Island (77.22°S, 166.48°E) following the 1990/1991 breeding season. Although the sample sizes are small, if representative they would indicate that: (1) Adelie penguins breeding in the Ross Sea follow a common migratory path, (2) Adelie penguins breeding in the Ross Sea may travel to a common over-winter feeding ground west and north of the Balleny Islands, and (3) Adelie penguins breeding at 77°S on Ross Island travel nearly twice the distance during their over-winter migration as do those penguins breeding at Cape Hallett and colonies further north. While the Cape Hallett penguin was tracked successfully for 172 days, a record for Adelie penguins, the problem of long-term attachment of transmitters to penguins remains. 相似文献
2.
Birds respond to capture, handling and restraint with increased secretion of corticosterone, a glucocorticoid hormone that helps birds adjust to stressful situations. Hoods are reported to calm birds, but possible effects of hoods on corticosterone responses have not been reported for any bird. Corticosterone responses to restraint in Adelie penguins held by their legs with their head covered by a hood were markedly lower than responses of penguins restrained in a mesh bag inside a cardboard box (corticosterone at 30 min 15.69+/-1.72 cf. 28.32+/-2.75 ng/ml). The birds restrained by the two methods were sampled at the same location but in different years, so the differences in corticosterone responses cannot unequivocally be ascribed to an effect of hoods to reduce corticosterone responses. Corticosterone responses have been measured in some penguins, but not in the largest, the emperor penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri). The relationship between body mass and corticosterone responses to capture and restraint in penguins was examined in emperor penguins captured on sea ice in McMurdo Sound and Adelie penguins (Pygoscelis adeliae) captured at Cape Bird, Ross Island, Antarctica. Total integrated corticosterone responses were higher in the emperor than the Adelie penguins, but corrected integrated corticosterone responses, which represent the increase in corticosterone from initial concentrations and hence the corticosterone response to restraint, were the same. The results for the emperor and Adelie penguins, together with data from other penguin species, suggest that there is no relationship between the size of corticosterone responses and body mass in penguins. 相似文献
3.
R P Wilson B M Culik 《Comparative biochemistry and physiology. A, Comparative physiology》1991,100(1):151-154
1. Resting metabolic rate was determined in Adelie penguins (Pygoscelis adeliae) that had been fed warm and cold ingesta. 2. Post-ingestion metabolic rate was found to be related to food temperature rather than to specific dynamic action. 3. Calorimetric calculations indicate that up to 13% of Adelie penguin daily energy expenditure may be used heating ingested food to body temperature. 4. Heating food costs are predicted to be higher in endotherms living in cold regions and in species with low assimilation efficiencies, but may be minimized by appropriate foraging behaviour. 相似文献
4.
The gut of animals changes quickly from a totally sterile environment before birth to a numerous and highly diverse microbial community shortly after birth. However, few studies have examined the source of the bacteria colonizing the gut. We used a genetic based approach to investigate the distribution and acquisition of faecal microbial communities by Adelie penguins, Pygoscelis adeliae , breeding in the Ross Sea region of Antarctica by cloning a portion of the 16S rRNA gene and by automated ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis (ARISA). We hypothesized that bacteria were either acquired from the penguins' neighbours or inherited from their ancestors. Samples were collected from Adelie penguin breeding colonies at the north-western edge of the Ross Sea coast through to the southernmost Adelie penguin colonies on Ross Island. Most of the bacterial sequences we obtained were only distantly homologous with previously published sequences. Bacterial taxa appear to have a restricted distribution as the majority of 16S rRNA clones were isolated from only one or two hosts. Faecal bacterial community similarity was strongly negatively correlated with the genetic distance between hosts suggesting that bacterial communities are inherited. There was little support for a correlation between distance between collection sites and community similarity. 相似文献
5.
J H Wilkens H Wilkens M Heins L Kurtin M Oellerich G W Sybrecht 《Chronobiology international》1987,4(3):387-396
In two double-blind, multiple-dose cross-over studies the therapeutic effects of SR theophylline preparations given once each night (mean 11.2 mg/kg per day) versus twice daily in equal doses (mean 10.3 mg/kg per day) (study I) and SR-terbutaline in equal doses (mean 0.25 mg/kg per day) versus SR theophylline in unequally divided daily doses (mean 5.3 mg/kg morning dose, 10.6 mg/kg evening dose) study II) were compared in 19 patients with nocturnal asthma. At the end of each treatment period drug serum concentrations and PEFR were measured every 2 hr over a 24-hr period. With the twice-daily, equally divided regimen, serum theophylline concentrations were lower at night than during the day (mean 9.4 +/- 0.9 versus 11.3 +/- 1.0 mg/l). With the single evening administration, serum theophylline concentrations were considerably higher at night (Cmax 16.3 +/- 1.4 mg/l) and the circadian variation of PEFR was significantly reduced. PEFR was higher during night and early morning (283 +/- 14 versus 217 +/- 11 l/min, P less than 0.005). During daytime in study II, PEFR values were slightly higher with theophylline than terbutaline. There was no significant difference in peak flow between either treatment during the night and early morning. However, additional use of inhaled beta-2-mimetics because of asthmatic attacks occurred more often during terbutaline (79 times in 8/10 patients) than theophylline treatment (29 times in 5/10 patients). Symptom scores, number of attacks and side-effects clearly favor the theophylline regimen. We conclude that for patients with nocturnal asthma a once-nightly dose of SR theophylline can be sufficient for stabilization of the airways. 相似文献
6.
Ventilatory responses to progressive exercise, with and without an inspiratory elastic load (14.0 cmH2O/l), were measured in eight healthy subjects. Mean values for unloaded ventilatory responses were 24.41 +/- 1.35 (SE) l/l CO2 and 22.17 +/- 1.07 l/l O2 and for loaded responses were 24.15 +/- 1.93 l/l CO2 and 20.41 +/- 1.66 l/l O2 (P greater than 0.10, loaded vs. unloaded). At levels of exercise up to 80% of maximum O2 consumption (VO2max), minute ventilation (VE) during inspiratory elastic loading was associated with smaller tidal volume (mean change = 0.74 +/- 0.06 ml; P less than 0.05) and higher breathing frequency (mean increase = 10.2 +/- 0.98 breaths/min; P less than 0.05). At levels of exercise greater than 80% of VO2max and at exhaustion, VE was decreased significantly by the elastic load (P less than 0.05). Increases in respiratory rate at these levels of exercise were inadequate to maintain VE at control levels. The reduction in VE at exhaustion was accompanied by significant decreases in O2 consumption and CO2 production. The changes in ventilatory pattern during extrinsic elastic loading support the notion that, in patients with fibrotic lung disease, mechanical factors may play a role in determining ventilatory pattern. 相似文献
7.
《Animal : an international journal of animal bioscience》2018,12(5):1068-1076
In the context of water use for agricultural production, water footprints (WFs) have become an important sustainability indicator. To understand better the water demand for beef and sheep meat produced on pasture-based systems, a WF of individual farms is required. The main objective of this study was to determine the primary contributors to freshwater consumption up to the farm gate expressed as a volumetric WF and associated impacts for the production of 1 kg of beef and 1 kg of sheep meat from a selection of pasture-based farms for 2 consecutive years, 2014 and 2015. The WF included green water, from the consumption of soil moisture due to evapotranspiration, and blue water, from the consumption of ground and surface waters. The impact of freshwater consumption on global water stress from the production of beef and sheep meat in Ireland was also computed. The average WF of the beef farms was 8391 l/kg carcass weight (CW) of which 8222 l/kg CW was green water and 169 l/kg CW was blue water; water for the production of pasture (including silage and grass) contributed 88% to the WF, concentrate production – 10% and on-farm water use – 1%. The average stress-weighted WF of beef was 91 l H2O eq/kg CW, implying that each kg of beef produced in Ireland contributed to freshwater scarcity equivalent to the consumption of 91 l of freshwater by an average world citizen. The average WF of the sheep farms was 7672 l/kg CW of which 7635 l/kg CW was green water and 37 l/kg CW was blue water; water for the production of pasture contributed 87% to the WF, concentrate production – 12% and on-farm water use – 1%. The average stress-weighted WF was 2 l H2O eq/kg CW for sheep. This study also evaluated the sustainability of recent intensification initiatives in Ireland and found that increases in productivity were supported through an increase in green water use and higher grass yields per hectare on both beef and sheep farms. 相似文献
8.
M Mácek V Seliger J Vávra O Skranc J Horák M Piric P Handzo J Rous Z Jirka 《Physiologia Bohemoslovaca》1979,28(1):75-82
The authors measured oxygen consumption in a Czechoslovak population aged from 12 to 55 years. An abrupt increase was found between 12 and 18 years, when the maximum was reached (males 3.28, females 2.17 l/min), followed by a slower decrease to 55 years. Relative O2 consumption (per kg body weight) showed a continuous decrease from 12 years, when maximum values were recorded (49 ml/min . kg for boys, 46 ml/min . kg for girls), to 55 (33 ml/min . kg for males, 27 ml/min . kg for females). In the adult population (18--55 years), no differences were observed in the values at the various levels of submaximal loading. The pulse oxygen attained the maximum at 18 (males 16.8, females 11 ml). 相似文献
9.
《Chronobiology international》2013,30(3):387-396
In two double-blind, multiple-dose cross-over studies the therapeutic effects of SR theophylline preparations given once each night (mean 11.2mg/kg per day) versus twice daily in equal doses (mean 10.3 mg/kg per day) (study I) and SR-terbutaline in equal doses (mean 0.25 mg/kg per day) versus SR theophylline in unequally divided daily doses (mean 5.3 mg/kg morning dose, 10.6 mg/kg evening dose) study II) were compared in 19 patients with nocturnal asthma. At the end of each treatment period drug serum concentrations and PEFR were measured every 2 hr over a 24-hr period. With the twice-daily, equally divided regimen, serum theophylline concentrations were lower at night than during the day (mean 9.4 ±0.9 versus 11.3± 1.0mg/l). With the single evening administration, serum theophylline concentrations were considerably higher at night (Cmax16.3 ±1.4 mg/1) and the circadian variation of PEFR was significantly reduced. PEFR was higher during night and early morning (283 ±14 versus 217 ± 11 l/min, P< 0.005). During daytime in study II, PEFR values were slightly higher with theophylline than terbutaline. There was no significant difference in peak flow between either treatment during the night and early morning. However, additional use of inhaled β-2-mimetics because of asthmatic attacks occurred more often during terbutaline (79 times in 8/10 patients) than theophylline treatment (29 times in 5/10 patients). Symptom scores, number of attacks and side-effects clearly favor the theophylline regimen. We conclude that for patients with nocturnal asthma a once-nightly dose of SR theophylline can be sufficient for stabilization of the airways. 相似文献
10.
Andrés Barbosa Santiago Merino Jesus Benzal Javier Martínez Sonia García-Fraile 《Polar Biology》2007,30(10):1239-1244
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are synthesised under stressful conditions such as exposure to elevated temperatures, contamination,
free radicals, UV light or pathophysiological states resulting from parasites and/or pathogens. HSPs function to protect cells
by means of modulation of protein folding. In Antarctica, these proteins have been studied in such organisms as protozoa and
fishes, without attention to geographical variation. We studied the variation of HSP70 and HSP60 levels in Gentoo, Adelie
and Chinstrap penguins among different populations along the Antarctic Peninsula from King George Island (62°15′S) to Avian
Island (67°46′S). Our results show that the northern population of Gentoo penguin showed higher levels of HSP70 and HSP60
than the southern population. High temperature, human impact and immunity as a proxy for parasites and diseases in northern
locations could explain such variation. Adelie penguin only showed significant geographical variation in HSP70, increasing
north to south, a pattern perhaps related to increased UV radiation and decreased temperatures from north to south. Chinstrap
penguin shows no population differences in the variation in neither HSP70 nor HSP60, although HSP70 showed marginally significant
differences. Sexual differences in the level of these proteins are also discussed. 相似文献
11.
Process development and optimisation of lactic acid purification using electrodialysis 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Cell free sodium lactate solutions were subjected to purification based on mono- and bi-polar electrodialysis. Lactate concentration in the product stream increased to a maximum of 15% during mono-polar electrodialysis. Stack energy consumption averaged 0.6 kW h kg(-1) lactate transported at current efficiencies in the 90% range. Under optimum feed concentration (125 g l(-1)) and process conditions (auto-current mode with conductivity setpoints of minimum 5 and maximum 40 mS cm(-1)), lactate flux reached 300 g m(-2) h(-1) and water flux were low for mono-polar electrodialysis averaging 0.3 kg H(2)O per M lactate transported. Glucose in the concentrate stream solutions was reduced to < 2 g l(-1). Acetate impurities enriched from about 0.5 g l(-1) in the feed stream to 1.5 g l(-1) in the concentrate stream solutions. After mono-polar electrodialysis, the concentrated sodium lactate solutions were further purified using bi-polar electrodialysis. Water transport during bi-polar electrodialysis reached figures of 0.070 - 0.222 kg H(2)O per M lactate. Free lactic acid concentration reached 16% with lactate flux of up to 300 g m(-2) h(-1). Stack energy consumption ranged from 0.6 to 1 kW h per kg lactate. Under optimised process conditions current efficiency during bi-polar electrodialysis was consistently around 90%. Glucose was further reduced from 2 to <1 g l(-1) in the free lactic acid solution. Acetic acid impurity remained at around 1 g l(-1). Significant reduction in colour and minerals in the product streams was observed during electrodialysis purification. 相似文献
12.
Q P Fitzgibbon R V Baudinette R J Musgrove R S Seymour 《Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part A, Molecular & integrative physiology》2008,150(2):231-238
Routine metabolic rate (RMR) was measured in fasting southern bluefin tuna, Thunnus maccoyii, the largest tuna species studied so far (body mass=19.6 kg (+/-1.9 SE)). Mean mass-specific RMR was 460 mg kg(-1) h(-1) (+/-34.9) at a mean water temperature of 19 degrees C. When evaluated southern bluefin tuna standard metabolic rate (SMR) is added to published values of other tuna species, there is a strong allometeric relationship with body mass (423 M(0.86), R(2)=0.97). This demonstrates that tuna interspecific SMR scale with respect to body mass similar to that of other active teleosts, but is approximately 4-fold higher. However, RMR (not SMR) is most appropriate in ram-ventilating species that are physiologically unable to achieve complete rest. Respiration was measured in a large (250,000 l) flexible polypropylene respirometer (mesocosm respirometer) that was deployed within a marine-farm sea cage for 29 days. Fasted fish were maintained within the respirometer up to 42 h while dissolved oxygen dropped by 0.056 (+/-0.004) mg l(-1) h(-1). Fish showed no obvious signs of stress. They swam at 1.1 (+/-0.1) fork lengths per second and several fed within the respirometer immediately after measurements. 相似文献
13.
Fitzgibbon QP Baudinette RV Musgrove RJ Seymour RS 《Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part A, Molecular & integrative physiology》2008,150(2):231-238
Routine metabolic rate (RMR) was measured in fasting southern bluefin tuna, Thunnus maccoyii, the largest tuna species studied so far (body mass=19.6 kg (+/-1.9 SE)). Mean mass-specific RMR was 460 mg kg(-1) h(-1) (+/-34.9) at a mean water temperature of 19 degrees C. When evaluated southern bluefin tuna standard metabolic rate (SMR) is added to published values of other tuna species, there is a strong allometeric relationship with body mass (423 M(0.86), R(2)=0.97). This demonstrates that tuna interspecific SMR scale with respect to body mass similar to that of other active teleosts, but is approximately 4-fold higher. However, RMR (not SMR) is most appropriate in ram-ventilating species that are physiologically unable to achieve complete rest. Respiration was measured in a large (250,000 l) flexible polypropylene respirometer (mesocosm respirometer) that was deployed within a marine-farm sea cage for 29 days. Fasted fish were maintained within the respirometer up to 42 h while dissolved oxygen dropped by 0.056 (+/-0.004) mg l(-1) h(-1). Fish showed no obvious signs of stress. They swam at 1.1 (+/-0.1) fork lengths per second and several fed within the respirometer immediately after measurements. 相似文献
14.
Effect of somatostatin infusion on VIP-induced transport changes in the human jejunum 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
G J Krejs 《Peptides》1984,5(2):271-276
This study was designed to elucidate the mechanism by which somatostatin administration ameliorates or abolishes diarrhea in pancreatic cholera syndrome (PCS). Absorption (or secretion) of water and electrolytes was measured in 30-cm segments of jejunum of 18 healthy volunteers in whom PCS was mimicked by intravenous infusion of VIP. Using the triple-lumen tube technique, the intestine was perfused with a plasma-like electrolyte solution while administering intravenous saline (control), VIP (400 pmol/kg/hr), somatostatin (5000 pmol/kg/hr), or VIP plus somatostatin. VIP infusion abolished water and electrolyte absorption and somatostatin had no effect on these VIP-induced transport changes regardless of whether somatostatin infusion was started before or after VIP infusion. Somatostatin infusion had no effect on VIP plasma concentration when elevated by intravenous VIP infusion (control: 10 +/- 1 pmol/l; during VIP infusion: 108 +/- 6). In a patient with pancreatic cholera syndrome identical perfusion experiments showed jejunal water secretion (93 ml/30 cm/hr) which changed to absorption (65 ml/30 cm/hr) when somatostatin was infused (5000 pmol/kg/hr). Plasma VIP concentration fell from 145 to 74 pmol/l (normal less than 50) during somatostatin infusion. Stool weight fell from 3722 g to 819 g per 24 hours when somatostatin was given at a dose of 2500 pmol/kg/hr for two days. Our observations in healthy subjects show that somatostatin has no effect on intestinal transport at the mucosal level when circulating VIP concentration is elevated.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
15.
D E Watenpaugh T L Beitinger 《Comp. Biochem. Physiol. C, Comp. Pharmacol. Toxicol.》1985,80(2):253-256
Following determination of a concentration of selenate-Se lethal during 24-hr exposures at 22 degrees C, routine oxygen consumption was measured in fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) exposed to various sublethal concentrations of Se for 24 hr. A median lethal concentration for 24-hr exposures (24-hr LC50) of fathead minnows equalled 82 mg Se/l with 95% fiducial limits of 76-89 mg Se/l. Mean weight-specific oxygen consumption rates of minnows exposed to 0, 15, 40 and 60 mg Se/l for 24-hr ranged from 0.43 to 0.49 mg O2/g-1/hr-1 and were not significantly different. These results indicate that acute exposure to Se does not affect oxygen consumption; however, observations during respirometry trials suggest that minnows at the highest Se concentration may have physiologically compensated to maintain oxygen consumption rates. 相似文献
16.
Inger-Johanne Ellingsen 《Journal of insect physiology》1978,24(1):13-16
Oxygen consumption in protonymphs of the American house-dust mite was measured by the Cartesian diver technique. Active protonymphs consumed 1.14 × 10?2 μl/hr/mite under close to optimum temperature and humidity conditions for the species. This consumption is higher than that reported for fasting non-reproducing females. The protonymphs were active when confined in the diver and exhausted their energy reserves in less than 20 hr. Quiescent protonymphs consumed 4 × 10?4 μl/hr/mite of oxygen, which is 28 times less than the consumption of active mites. The quiescence was not a static state, disturbed quiescent protonymphs had a six times higher oxygen consumption. This additional energy is thought to be spent in repair of injuries caused by collecting, e.g. secretion of wax on places where the layer has been removed. 相似文献
17.
G J Grover H R Weiss 《Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine (New York, N.Y.)》1985,180(2):270-276
The purpose of this study was to determine if differences in the cardioprotective abilities of ibuprofen and indomethacin were due to their differing abilities to alter the O2 supply/consumption ratio in the ischemic myocardium. Experiments were done on 21 anesthetized open-chest rabbits. Regional flow (using radioactive microspheres), O2 extraction, O2 consumption, and O2 supply/consumption ratio were determined 1 hr after occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery in controls and animals given iv 10 mg/kg ibuprofen or iv 3 mg/kg indomethacin. Myocardial blood flow was depressed in the occluded region compared to the nonoccluded region after occlusion for all treatments. O2 extraction in the occluded region was elevated compared to the nonoccluded region for all treatments after occlusion. No differences in O2 consumption were noted between any treatment within the occluded or nonoccluded regions. The O2 supply/consumption ratio was lower in the occluded region compared to the nonoccluded region for all treatments. No differences in this ratio were noted between any treatment. Thus, the effects of indomethacin or ibuprofen on ischemia are not related to acute changes in myocardial O2 supply/consumption balance. 相似文献
18.
Efficacy of providing nicotine in a liquid diet to rats. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A K Halladay M Schwartz G C Wagner M M Iba A Sekowski H Fisher 《Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine (New York, N.Y.)》1999,221(3):215-223
To determine if rats would consume nicotine at psychoactive levels, a nutritionally balanced diet with 0, 20, 60, or 200 mg of nicotine tartrate per kg of diet was provided. Diet consumption and body weight differences were recorded for 14 days after which, following 16 hr of withdrawal, animals were given access to a two-bottle choice of the previously presented diet and a nicotine-free diet. Spontaneous horizontal motor activity was recorded 8, 16, and 24 hr after withdrawal. By Day 14, all animals showed a significant increase in diet consumption and significant weight gain compared to Day 1. Animals consumed an average of 2.1, 6.8, or 19.5 mg/kg/day of nicotine on the low, medium, and high-nicotine diets, respectively. However, animals receiving the high-nicotine diet consumed less diet and gained less weight than the control, low, and medium nicotine groups. During only the first 4 hr of the two-bottle choice (16-20 hr postwithdrawal), the high-nicotine group consumed significantly higher amounts of nicotine base than the other groups, but also consumed more of the control diet during the first 2 hr. In a replicate experiment, animals receiving the medium-nicotine diet showed an increased consumption of the nicotine diet and increased preference for nicotine following a 14-day exposure compared to the control-fed animals and compared to a baseline preference test. Also, this group showed differences in locomotor activity consistent with other studies using an injection regimen or subcutaneuos pumps to induce dependence. Finally, animals in all three groups exhibited high plasma nicotine and cotinine (a major nicotine metabolite) levels. Because animals in all groups tolerated the diet well, gained weight, selected the nicotine diet in a choice test, and showed withdrawal symptoms, we conclude that the liquid diet proved to be a satisfactory method of inducing nicotine dependence in rats. 相似文献
19.
S C Nicol W Melrose C D Stahel 《Comparative biochemistry and physiology. A, Comparative physiology》1988,89(3):383-386
1. We studied the haematology of the little penguin, Eudyptula minor, and measured red cell enzymes, and the rate of O2 and glucose consumption and CO2 and lactate production of whole penguin blood. 2. Little penguins have a very low RBC count (1.66 x 10(12) l-1) and very large red cells (MCV = 229 microns 3), resulting in a normal haemoglobin and haematocrit. 3. Despite the lower body temperature of penguins, the rate of O2 consumption by whole blood is close to that predicted from studies on other birds. 相似文献
20.
Ari S. Friedlaender William R. Fraser Donna Patterson Song S. Qian Patrick N. Halpin 《Polar Biology》2008,31(10):1217-1224
Baleen whales and Adelie penguins in the near-shore waters around the Antarctic Peninsula forage principally on Antarctic
krill. Given the spatial overlap in the distribution of these krill predators (particularly humpback whales) and their dependence
on krill, the goals of this paper are to determine if the inter-annual community structure and relative abundance of baleen
whales around Anvers Island is related to krill demography and abundance, and if the potential exists for inter-specific interactions
between Adelie penguins and baleen. We use whale sightings and prey data from both net tows and Adelie penguin stomach samples
to correlate the abundance of humpback whales with krill demography and abundance from 1993 to 2001. We find significant relationships
between whale abundance and the size–frequency distribution of krill targeted by Adelie penguins, as well as the foraging
success of Adelie penguins. These findings suggest both krill predators share common prey preferences in the upper portions
of the water column around Anvers Island. These findings highlight the need for better knowledge of baleen whale foraging
ecology and inter-specific interactions with penguins, as sea ice and krill populations around the Antarctic Peninsula are
affected by rapid changes in climate. 相似文献