石蝴蝶属(苦苣苔科)第二次校订

一、分类简史 Petrocosmea是由D.Oliver于1887年根据自湖北西部描述的P.sinensis Oliv.(花冠的上唇与下唇近等长)建立的。接着W.B.Hemsley分别于1895年和1899年根据云南东南部的标本描述了三个种,并根据P.iodioides Hemsl.及P.minorHemsl.的花冠下唇远长于上唇的特征建立了新组sect.Anisochilus Hemsl.。W.G.Craib于1919年发表了本属的第一篇校订,记载了当时已描述的15种,其中包括H.     

中国广西苦苣苔科一新种--灵川小花苣苔

报道了在广西岩溶洞穴发现的苦苣苔科Gesnenaceae小花苣苔属Chiritopsis一新种——灵川小花苣苔C．lingchuanensis Yah Liu＆Y.G.Wei。本种因聚伞花序花稀疏,花冠白色,明显二唇形,上唇比下唇短3倍以上,退化雄蕊3而与羽裂小花苣苔C.bipinnatifida W .T．Wang相近,区别在于前者叶不裂,雄蕊被短柔毛。本种在叶形上还与小花苣苔C.repandaw T.Wang相近,不同在于后者花冠不明显二唇形,上下唇近等长,雄蕊无毛,退化雄蕊2。灵川小花苣苔的分布范围狭窄,目前仅见于一个岩溶洞穴的近洞口段,具明显的洞生习性。     

苦苣苔科吊石苣苔属一新异名

2017年，印度学者Joe等基于采自中国藏东南地区的植物标本，发表了合萼吊石苣苔的一新变种Lysionotus gamosepalus W. T. Wang var.biflorus A. Joe, Hareesh&M. Sabu,并且认为该新变种与原变种的主要区分特征包括叶缘稍具锯齿、每个腋生花序仅有2朵花、花冠被毛、具2枚卷曲的退化雄蕊。然而，近年来，笔者基于查阅大量标本和野外考察工作，认为所谓变种的形态特征是在合萼吊石苣苔(Lysionotus gamosepalus W. T. Wang)的变异范围之内，加之分布区完全重叠，生长环境类似，物候期一致，不宜作为变种等级处理。故在此将该变种处理为合萼吊石苣苔的异名。     

中国苦苣苔科的研究(十)

<正> 多年生草本。根状茎,粗。叶约10枚,均基生,具长或短柄;叶片纸质,卵形或卵状菱形,长2—3.4厘米,宽1.6—2.9厘米,顶端钝或圆形,基部宽楔形或圆形,边缘有钝重牙齿,上面多少泡状,在细脉形成的小空间中密被短柔毛,下面脉上密被白色短柔毛,在隆起的中脉和侧脉上还被暗褐色长柔毛,侧脉每侧4—5条;叶柄长1—3厘米,密被暗褐色长     

云南苦苣苔科一新记录属——单座苣苔属

报道了云南苦苣苔科一新记录属——单座苣苔属(Metabriggsia W.T.Wang)。该属为中国特有属,仅单座苣苔(Metabriggsia ovalifolia W.T.Wang)和紫叶单座苣苔(Metabriggsia purpureotincta W.T.Wang)2种,分布于广西西部、北部及贵州南部,在云南的发现对研究其地理与区系有重要的意义。     

苦苣苔科一新种——闽西异叶苣苔

作者于2020年在福建长汀进行林木种质资源调查时发现了一种苦苣苔科异叶苣苔属植物,经过2年多次跟踪调查鉴定,确认为苦苣苔科一新种——闽西异叶苣苔(Whytockia minxiensis),并提供了该新种的描述和图片资料。闽西异叶苣苔子房2室,雌蕊柱头椭圆形,叶背密被短柔毛,花萼具毛,可与相近种台湾异叶苣苔(Whytockia sasakii)区分。模式标本存放于福建农林大学林学院标本馆(FJFC)。     

云南十种苦苣苔科植物的染色体数目报道

首次报道了产于云南的苦苣苔科Gesneriaceae2族7属10种植物的染色体数目。其中,1）芒毛苣苔属Aeschynanthus 2种：显苞芒毛苣苔A.bracteatus的染色体数目为2n=32,黄杨叶芒毛苣苔A.buxifolius2个居群的染色体数目不同,金平居群为2n=32,可能为二倍体,屏边居群的染色体数目为2n=64,可能为四倍体。2）吊石苣苔属Lysionotus 1种：吊石苣苔L.pauciflorus为2n=32。3）珊瑚苣苔属Corallodiscus 1种：石胆草 C.flabellatus的染色体数目为2n=40。4）唇柱苣苔属Chirita3种：圆叶唇柱苣苔Ch.dielsii,大叶唇柱苣苔Ch.macrophylla和美丽唇柱苣苔Ch.speciosa的染色体数目均为2n=18。5）半蒴苣苔属Hemiboea 1种：贵州半蒴苣苔H.cavaleriei为2n=32。6）马铃苣苔属Oreocharis 1种：黄马铃苣苔O.aurea为2n=34;7）石蝴蝶属Petrocosmea1种：髯毛胡蝶P.barbata为2n=32。     

云南吊石苣苔属一新种

保山吊石苣苔　　　新种　　图 1ＬｙｓｉｏｎｏｔｕｓｓｕｌｐｈｕｒｅｏｉｄｅｓＨ Ｗ ＬｉｅｔＹ Ｘ Ｌｕ ,ｓｐ ｎｏｖ Ｆｉｇ 1(Ｓｅｄ Ｌｙｓｉｏｎｏｔｕｓ ,Ｓｅｒ ＨｅｔｅｒｏｐｈｙｌｌｉＷ Ｔ Ｗａｎｇ)ＩｎｃｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｉｂｕｓｃａｌｙｃｉｓｈａｅｃｓｐｅｃｉｅｓＬ ｓｕｌｐｈｕｒｅｉＨａｎｄ Ｍａｚｚ .ｓｉｍｉｌｉｓ,ｓｅｄｃａｕｌｅｇｌａｂｒｏ ,ｆｏｌｉｉｓｍａｊｏｒｉｂｕｓ ,ｏｂ ｌｏｎｇｏ ｅｌｌｉｐｔｉｃｉｓ ,ａｄ 2 0ｃｍｌｏｎｇｉｓｅｔ 6ｃｍｌａｔｉｓ ,ｍａｒｇｉｎｅｓｕｐｒａ 1/ 3ｂａ…     

Petrocosmea glabristoma (Gesneriaceae), a New Species from Yunnan,China

Petrocosmea glabrstoma ZJ. Qiu & YZ. Wang, a new species from Yunnan Province, China, is described and illustrated. The new species is similar to Petrocosmea forrestii Craib and Pmairei Lévl., but differs from them mainly by its leaves triangular or triangular ovate, corolla glabrous inside with shorter filament. Molecular and morphological data demonstrate that this new species has a close affinity to Pforrestii.     

Petrocosmea chrysotricha sp. nov. (Petrocosmea,Gesneriaceae), a species previously mistaken for P. begoniifolia on marlstone cliffs in Yunnan,China

Petrocosmea chrysotricha M.Q.Han, H. Jiang & Yan Liu, a new species from Yunnan, China, is described and illustrated. Petrocosmea chrysotricha was found growing with P. melanophthalma on damp marlstone cliffs in evergreen broad‐leaved forest on Mopan Shan. The new species has been grown for decades by Gesneriad enthusiasts under the name P. begoniifolia for decades and it is indeed similar to P. begoniifolia in its oblique campanulate corolla tube, but differs by having filaments covered with golden lanate indumentum in the middle part and by having primrose yellow flowers at the beginning if anthesis, then turning white.     

Tremacron hongheense,a New Species of Gesneriaceaefrom Southeastern Yunnan,China

A new species of Gesneriaceae from Honghe County, Southeastern Yunnan, China, Tremacron hongheense WH. Chen & YM. Shui, is described and illustrated. The new species is similar to Tremacron forrestii Craib, but differs by its leaf blade adaxially sparsely long setose (vs. densely white appressed pubescent and sparsely rusty brown villous), corolla tube outside short white glandular (vs. nearly glabrous), corolla lobes red and thickening at apex, especially adaxial lip (vs. yellow and not thickening), stamens 16-18cm long (vs. 04-12cm long), staminode 05-14cm long (vs. 02-04cm long).     

中国云南兰科一新种--昌宁兰

对产于中国云南昌宁的兰科新种昌宁兰(Cymbidiumchangningense)作了描述与绘图。     

裂瓣人字果,云南毛茛科一新种

描述了自云南东南部发现的毛茛科人字果属一新种,裂瓣人字果,并给出其与近缘种麻栗坡人字果的形态区别特征.     

Dichocarpum lobatipetalum,a New Species of Ranunculaceae from Yunnan,China

A species of the genus Dichocarpum (Ranunculaceae), Dlobatipetalum, is described as new from southeastern Yunnan Province, China. The morphological differences between it and its ally, Dmalipoense, are given.     

翡翠兜兰,中国云南兰科一新种

对兰科新种翡翠兜兰(Paphiopedilum smaragdinum)作了描述与绘图。新种产云南西部高黎贡山,与虎斑兜兰有亲缘关系,但花淡黄绿色无斑点和斑纹,退化雄蕊矩圆形,先端有短尖,短尖长1～1．5mm,易于区别。     

中国云南兰科一新种——二叶兰

基于采自中国云南东南部的栽培植物。对兰科新种二叶兰（Cymbidium rhizomatosum)作了描述与绘图。此新种与兔耳兰（Cymbidium lancifoium)有亲缘关系。区别点在于本新种具2枚基生叶,叶在花凋谢后出现,有1条黄白色的地下根状茎,长7-10cm,直径6-15mm。     

中国广西石灰岩地区苦苣苔科一新种——鹿寨唇柱苣苔

描述了中国广西石灰岩地区苦苣苔科(Gesneriaceae)1新种--鹿寨唇柱苣苔(Chirita luzhaiensis Yah Lin,Y.S.Huang & W.B.Xu).该种与桂林唇柱苣苔(Chirita gueilinensis W.T.Wang)相似,但叶面被长柔毛和短柔毛,花药无毛,花丝近基部膝状弯曲,退化雄蕊3枚,无毛,花期12月至次年1月可与后者区别.目前,鹿寨唇柱苣苔仅见于广西鹿寨县中渡镇的两个石灰岩山洞中.     

云南堇菜属新种

记述了云南产堇菜属3新种,鸡足山堇菜,淡黄堇菜,宾川堇菜。