首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到17条相似文献,搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
目的:分析和描述2013年中国农村6岁以下留守儿童超重肥胖现况及特征。方法:数据来自2013年中国0~5岁儿童和乳母营养与健康状况监测,采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样的方法,对象为中国30个省55个监测点6岁以下留守儿童共4 576人。5岁以下儿童超重肥胖判定采用WHO 2006年生长发育标准,5岁儿童采用WHO 2007年生长发育参考值,结果用2010年国家统计局的人口数据进行事后加权计算,利用Rao-Scott修饰权重的卡方检验进行统计学差异检验。结果:2013年中国农村6岁以下留守儿童超重率为6.9%,普通农村、贫困农村分别为7.7%和5.6%,男童、女童超重率分别为7.7%和6.0%。农村留守儿童超重率在性别(P=0.0123)、月龄组(P<0.000 1)、三类地区(P=0.010 8)存在差异;6岁以下留守儿童肥胖率为2.3%,普通农村、贫困农村分别为2.2%和2.5%,男童、女童的肥胖率分别为2.6%和2.0%,农村留守儿童肥胖率在月龄组(P<0.000 1)、父母外出类型(P=0.000 9)存在差异。结论:中国农村6岁以下留守儿童超重肥胖需要关注,加强留守儿童生长发育监测非常重要。  相似文献   

2.
国内外有关肥胖症的相关研究大多都停留在对肥胖症状(单纯性肥胖)产生机制以及肥胖运动治疗的影响因素等研究上。本文综述超重与肥胖的营养干预及运动治疗研究进展,旨在为大众提供一个科学的、合理的、可供参考的、可操作性的营养膳食搭配以及运动减肥负荷量的参考处方。  相似文献   

3.
目的:分析特定人群超重患病率,以及超重与高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常、脂肪肝等相关疾病的关系,为及早预防慢性非传染性疾病奠定基础。方法:对平房地区采取长效避孕措施的603名户籍农村已婚育龄妇女进行健康体检,按体重指数(BMI)分为正常组、超重组和肥胖组,比较各组间高血压、高血糖、高血脂、脂肪肝等相关疾病检出率的差异。结果:特定人群超重发病率及超重相关疾病检出率的差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:平房地区特定人群超重及肥胖发病率未明显高于国内平均水平及全市水平。但超重及肥胖与高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常、脂肪肝等疾病存在较大相关关系,为了进一步降低心脑血管高危因素和死亡率,需采取早期、有效的措施控制超重和肥胖倾向。  相似文献   

4.
目的:分析特定人群超重患病率,以及超重与高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常、脂肪肝等相关疾病的关系,为及早预防慢性非传染性疾病奠定基础。方法:对平房地区采取长效避孕措施的603名户籍农村已婚育龄妇女进行健康体检,按体重指数(BMI)分为正常组、超重组和肥胖组,比较各组间高血压、高血糖、高血脂、脂肪肝等相关疾病检出率的差异。结果:特定人群超重发病率及超重相关疾病检出率的差异均具有统计学意义(P〈0.01)。结论:平房地区特定人群超重及肥胖发病率未明显高于国内平均水平及全市水平。但超重及肥胖与高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常、脂肪肝等疾病存在较大相关关系,为了进一步降低心脑血管高危因素和死亡率。需采取早期、有效的措施控制超重和肥胖倾向。  相似文献   

5.
目的:了解安徽黄山地区居民的超重/肥胖与膳食结构的关系,为当地居民超重/肥胖的膳食营养干预提供参考和建议。方法:利用方便抽样的方法,在黄山地区居住时间超过10年的家庭中选择200户,称重法记录包括1个休息日在内的连续3日膳食摄入情况,根据标准人日数求出平均每人每天膳食摄入量。从每个家庭中选1名40岁以上者,问卷调查人口学资料及健康状况,规范测量身高、体重、血压、腰围。采用二分类Logistic回归分析超重/肥胖与膳食因素的关系。结果:居民超重率为23.5%、肥胖率5.0%。Logistic回归分析表明:蛋白质供能比过低(OR=1.325,95%CI=1.011~2.948)、脂肪供能比过高(OR=1.749,95%CI=1.064~3.699)、碳水化合物供能比过高(OR=1.238,95%CI=1.057~2.853)以及食盐摄入量(OR=1.493,95%CI=1.270~1.755)具有统计学意义。脂肪供能比过高(OR=1.281,95%CI=1.110~2.716)可能是腹型肥胖的危险因素。结论:膳食因素对该地区居民超重/肥胖和腰围可能有影响。  相似文献   

6.
目的:探讨学龄前儿童超重和肥胖的现状及其影响因素。方法:从青岛市幼儿园招募年龄在3-6 岁儿童参与本调查,通过健康体格检查和问卷调查两部分进行。其中体格检查包括身高和体重的测量,问卷调查内容包括父母的相关变量以及儿童个人饮食行为等因素。其中1080 份为完整有效数据。结果:学龄前儿童超重和肥胖人数分别占总数的18.80%和8.98%。男孩的超重和肥胖率(31.8%)高于女生(23.8%)。父亲和母亲的超重和肥胖均与儿童超重和肥胖存在关联性(P<0.05)。较长屏幕时间、快速进食是超重和肥胖的危险因素(P<0.05),而增加体力活动时间为保护因素(P<0.05)。偏爱肉类也是与超重/ 肥胖相关的因素(P<0.05)。结论:孩子个性习惯和父母均与学龄前儿童超重和肥胖相关,学龄前儿童超重和肥胖问题仍然是一个重要的公共卫生问题。  相似文献   

7.
目的:调查北京市学龄前儿童超重肥胖流行现状并分析其影响因素,为制定防制策略提供科学依据。方法:选择842例3~5岁健康查体的学龄前儿童为研究对象,测量身高、体重并计算体质量指数(BMI)。向儿童主要养护人进行问卷调查,获得母亲孕期、儿童早期喂养、身体活动和行为习惯、家庭情况和膳食情况等与儿童超重肥胖的相关信息。以儿童是否超重肥胖为因变量,影响儿童超重肥胖的23个因素为自变量,进行单因素和多因素Logistic 回归分析。结果:学龄前儿童超重率为10.69%、肥胖率为11.28%;多因素Logistic回归分析显示,孕期增重、出生6月内喂养方式、屏幕暴露时长、谷薯类食物食用频率4个变量差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),孕期增重过多、出生6月内人工喂养、每日屏幕暴露时长≥1 h、每周食用谷薯类食物是儿童超重肥胖的危险因素。结论:北京市学龄前儿童超重肥胖率处于较高水平,儿童超重肥胖受多种因素的共同影响。  相似文献   

8.
陈芬兰  张中峰  叶萍华 《生物磁学》2009,(13):2520-2522
目的:探讨超重肥胖人群在高强度登山时的心电图改变与其它冠心病危险因素的关系。方法:对260例超重肥胖登山者不适时即时12导联心电图描记后加以分析,综合其它冠心病危险因素分组统计。结果:260例超重肥胖高强度登山者的心电图描记中,发现异常者112例,占43%,心电图改变包括ST-T改变及心律失常表现等,A、B、C、D、E、F、G组心电图异常改变率分别为95.2%、55.36%、60.4%、21.7%、17.3%、2.5%、20%,A组的心电图异常改变率明显高于其它组(P〈0.01),冠心病危险因素的数量及类型对心电图的异常改变有较显著的差异。结论:超重肥胖人群不宜进行高强度登山运动,原因有:1、冠心病危险因素越多,心电图异常改变机率越大。2、吸烟及缺乏体力活动可增高心电图异常机率。3、伴有3种或3种以上冠心病危险因素不适于高强度登山运动。  相似文献   

9.
超重肥胖既是社会问题,也是世界难题。本文深入分析超重肥胖产生的能量失衡论,并对社会化复杂因素进行剖析。基于互联网、物联网和大数据时代,对超重肥胖有关数据进行挖掘,提出超重肥胖社会防控的新战略。  相似文献   

10.
杨文越  杨如玉  李晖 《生态学报》2022,42(10):4284-4299
已有研究表明,绿地与周边人群超重和肥胖风险存在潜在关联,然而其具体效应有待测定。采用Meta分析(meta-analysis)方法对69篇绿地与居民超重肥胖关系的研究结果进行统计分析,并探究了不同研究设计、绿地指标、样本年龄和不同尺度地理分析单元等亚组的研究结果差异,发现:(1)总体上,绿地与居民超重或肥胖风险、身体质量指数(body mass index, BMI)和腰围呈负相关关系,但不同研究设计类型(横截面研究和队列研究)之间的研究结果具有较大差异。(2)对于不同的绿地指标,其与居民超重肥胖的关系也存在一定差异。(3)相较于儿童和青少年,绿地与成年人超重肥胖的关联性更显著。(4)两者之间的关系具有明显的尺度效应。Meta分析结果显示,绿地与居民超重肥胖关系在各亚组中存在混杂,意味着它们的关系可能更加复杂,这对未来研究起到一定启示作用:应增加纵向研究以更深入探讨两者之间的因果关系和作用机理;构建完善的绿地测度指标体系,考虑多尺度地理分析单元的影响差异;同时,不应忽视来自样本多方面混杂因素的影响,从而使未来相关领域研究得出更明晰的结论,为城市绿地系统规划及相关政策制定提供科学依据。  相似文献   

11.
    
Using 2002–2018 German Socio-Economic Panel (GSOEP) data for German adults aged 18 + , this study measures changes in the body mass index (BMI) distribution and obesity inequality to estimate the relation between the latter and subjective well-being. In addition to documenting a significant association between the various measures of obesity inequality and subjective well-being, especially among women, we show a significant increase in obesity inequality, particularly among females and those with low education and/or low income. This rising inequality points to the need to combat obesity through initiatives targeted at specific sociodemographic groups.  相似文献   

12.
The prevalence for excessive weight has also been increasing dramatically in Portugal over the last decades. The consequences for families as well as for the publicly funded Portuguese health care system are a matter of policy interest. This paper uses an econometric model to compute the fraction of the national out-of-pocket health care expenditures attributable to overweight and obesity among Portuguese adults. Given that public health care system pays for a substantial share of the national health care expenditures, the estimated the out-of-pocket expenditures is only a share of the total expenditures. Per-capita expenditures and the burden that obesity and overweight impose on families are also estimated. Two waves of the Portuguese National Health Survey (NHS), namely; 1995/1996 and 1998/1999 are considered. The results suggest that out-of-pocket expenditures due to excess weight have increased sharply during these 3 years. The two-part model estimates suggest that the obese and overweight are more likely to incur out-of-pocket health care expenditures but, in the restricted sample of those that incur expenditures, there is weak or no evidence that the obese or overweight spend, on average, more than those of normal weight. Overall, it is estimated that in 1995/1996, more than 1.8% out-of-pocket health care expenditures were attributable to obesity and 2% to overweight (although not statistically significant). The estimated percentages are over 2.9% for obesity and 4% for overweight in 1998/1999. Combined, the estimated attributable percentage of national out-of-pocket expenditures due to excess weight was 3.8% in 1995/1996 and 6.9% in 1998/1999. Per-capita expenditures due to obesity or overweight are small, on average, in absolute terms, but they can be a significant cost for low income families. With respect to public policy concerns, the results suggest that measures which only slightly increase the out-of-pocket health care expenditures of being obese (overweight) are likely to be inefficient.  相似文献   

13.
    
There is a substantial correlation between household debt and health. Individuals with less healthy lifestyles are more likely to hold debt, yet there is little evidence as to whether this is merely a correlation or if financial hardship actually causes obesity. In this paper, we use data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Adolescent Health to test whether financial hardship affects body weight. We divide our sample into two groups: men and women, explore two different types of financial hardship: holding credit card debt and having trouble paying bills, and three outcomes: overweight, obese and body mass index (BMI). We use a variety of econometric techniques: Ordinary Least Squares, Propensity Score Matching, Sibling Fixed Effects, and Instrumental Variables to investigate the relationship that exists between financial hardship and body weight. In addition, we conduct several robustness checks. Although our OLS and PSM results indicate a correlation between financial hardship and body weight these results appear to be largely driven by unobservables. Our IV results suggest that there is no causal relationship between credit card debt and overweight or obesity for either men or women. However, we find suggestive evidence that having trouble paying bills may be a cause of obesity for women.  相似文献   

14.
We investigate the relationship between employability and obesity, particularly how obesity and overweight are associated with the percentage of working years spent unemployed and the ability to regain employment. Data for adults who responded to the 2003 Decennial Health Survey collected by the French National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies revealed that the percentage of time spent unemployed during working years is significantly higher for each kg/m2 deviation from the mean body mass index (BMI) attained at age 20 and that the probability of regaining employment after a period of unemployment is much lower.  相似文献   

15.
    
This study aims to reveal the secular trends in body mass index (BMI) and the prevalence of overweight and obesity among Polish schoolchildren between the years 1966–2012, during which intense socio-political changes took place. Four surveys were conducted in several districts of Poland looking at 69,746 schoolchildren aged 7–18. Significant increase in mean BMI as well as in the prevalence of overweight and obesity was observed. During this time the highest increase in both mean BMI and excess weight was observed between 1988 and 2012, i.e. after the political transformation, resulting in the improvement of living conditions. However, with respect to girls in late adolescence, between these years, the mean BMI as well as the prevalence of overweight were leveling off, while the percentage of boys with excess body fat in the same developmental category significantly increased in 2012. In the years 1966–1978 and 1978–1988 the pattern of changes in the prevalence of overweight and obesity reflected the social and economic circumstances, i.e. temporary economic improvements, or deepening political crises and food shortage. In conclusion, the weight status of schoolchildren strongly reflects socio-political changes that took place in Poland, as well as in most of the Central European countries in the last half century.  相似文献   

16.
17.
    
Exploiting the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS), this paper studies the transition of socioeconomic-related excess weight disparity, including overweight and obesity, from 1993 to 2014. First, we show that the proportions of overweight and obese people in Indonesia increased rapidly during the time period covered and that poorer groups exhibited a larger annual excess weight growth rate than richer groups (7.49 percent vs. 3.01 percent). Second, by calculating the concentration index, we confirm that the prevalence of obesity affected increasingly poorer segments of Indonesian society. Consequently, the concentration index decreased during the study period, from 0.287 to 0.093. Finally, decomposing the change in the concentration index of excess weight from 2000 to 2014, we show that a large part of the change can be explained by a decrease in the elasticity of wealth and improved sanitary conditions in poorer households. Overall, obesity in Indonesia no longer affects purely the wealthier segments of the population but the entire socioeconomic spectrum.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号