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1.
Gynostemma Pentaphyllum Polysaccharide (GPP) was added at concentrations of 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mg/ml to the extenders used to freeze boar semen and its effects on the quality of frozen–thawed sperm were assessed. The sperm motility was significantly higher in the extenders containing 0.25 and 0.5 mg/ml GPP, as compared to other groups (P < 0.05). The extender supplemented with 0.5 mg/ml GPP favored the highest intact membrane and intact acrosome percentages in comparison with other groups (P < 0.05), respectively. The mitochondrial activity was significantly higher at the concentrations of 0.25, 0.5 and 1.0 mg/ml GPP than that of other treatments, and the control group (P < 0.05). In biochemical assays, the extender supplemented with 0.25 and 0.5 mg/ml GPP significantly improved SOD levels, compared to other groups (P > 0.05). However, the extenders supplemented with GPP did not cause significant differences in levels of CAT and GSH-Px, compared to the control (P > 0.05). In summary, GPP exhibited a dose-related response and the lower concentration produced greater protective effect. According to the standard semen quality parameters and antioxidant activities measured in this study, the concentration of 0.5 mg/ml GPP caused a beneficial cryoprotective effects on the quality of frozen–thawed boar semen. It is proposed that an extender containing 0.5 mg/ml GPP could be used as cryoprotective medium of better efficiency. 相似文献
2.
Prof. H. S. Randhawa Sudha Chaturvedi Z. U. Khan V. P. Chaturvedi S. K. Jain R. C. Jain G. Bazaz-Malik 《Mycopathologia》1995,131(3):173-177
An autochthonous case of epididymal histoplasmosis masquerading as tuberculosis in a 55-year-old male patient is reported from India. It was diagnosed by culture ofHistoplasma capsulatum from semen and by demonstration of the fungus upon re-examination of epididymal biopsy sections previously misinterpreted as tuberculous granuloma. The patient's main complaints were painful epididymal swelling, occasional fever and cough. He was treated successfully by excision of epididymis and vas deferens combined with amphotericin B therapy. This is believed to be the first case of epididymal histoplasmosis to be reported outside the American continent and the fourth of its type reported in the English literature. The case is also noteworthy in thatH. capsulatum was isolated for the first time from semen, and it underlines the importance of mycological culture of semen specimens for diagnosis of genitourinary infections of obscure etiology.Presented at the XII Congress of the International Society for Human and Animal Mycology, Adelaide, Australia, March 13–18, 1994. 相似文献
3.
Artificial inseminations using fresh semen were successful inLemur fulvus mayottensis. Inseminations with frozen semen are in progress. 相似文献
4.
Semen samples were collected from adult fertile bonnet monkeys twice a month by penile electroejaculation for twelve consecutive
months. Various parameters like semen volume, weight of ejaculate and coagulum, sperm count, sperm motility, sperm morphology,
and functional parameters e.g. plasma membrane integrity,in vitro nuclear chromatin decondensation and acrosomal status were evaluated to assess within and between animal variations. Effects
of seasonality, if any, on quantity and quality of semen were also studied. Considerable intra- and inter-individual variations
in the geometric mean values were observed for semen volume, weights of ejaculate and coagulum, and sperm counts during the
study period. On the other hand, sperm motility, morphology, and functional parameters showed less within and between animal
variations. Results on motility, morphology, and functional parameters indicated that good semen quality was maintained throughout
the year. Various routine and functional parameters did not show any annual variations. The diurnal rhythmicity in circulatory
testosterone levels was observed throughout the year. The study shows lack of seasonality in exocrine and endocrine testicular
functions and further suggests that motility, morphology, and functional parameters are better indicators of semen quality
in captive bonnet monkeys. 相似文献
5.
Lea A. Rempel Megan M. Krautkramer John J. Parrish Jeremy R. Miles 《Molecular reproduction and development》2019,86(4):465-475
Epigenetics includes the study of external factors that can influence the expression of genes by altering the accessibility of DNA through methylation. To investigate the epigenetic influence of season, sperm head shape, and semen storage on placental and fetal tissues, pregnancies were generated in the summer or winter using boar semen from either least or most sperm head shape change, collected during cool or warm seasons, and stored as cooled‐extended or cryopreserved. The lowest (p < 0.05) ratios of 5‐methylcytosine to 5‐hydroxymethylcytosine activity (5mC:5hmC) in fetal liver were from summer breedings and in placental tissues from winter breedings. The relative expression of placental CDH1 tended ( p < 0.10) to be greater in placenta generated from cryopreserved semen or semen collected during cool periods. The relative expression of placental GNAS was affected ( p < 0.05) by the interaction of breeding and semen collection seasons. Cryopreserved semen increased ( p < 0.05) the placental relative expression of GNAS. Placental MEST and RHOBTB3 tended ( p < 0.10) to have a greater relative expression from pregnancies generated using semen collected during cool periods used during winter breedings. Within fetal liver, the relative expression of GNAS and HGF was greater ( p < 0.05) from winter breedings. Interaction of winter breedings and least sperm head shape change tended ( p < 0.10) to have the greatest fetal liver expression of CDH1. Seasonality of semen collection, breeding, and the effect on sperm head shape change had an influence on the expression of genes with known differentially methylated regions or response to methylation activity from embryonic and extraembryonic tissues. 相似文献
6.
Chunhua Qin Xu Zhang Dongxiao Sun Qin Zhang Jianfeng Liu Xiangdong Ding Yi Zhang Shengli Zhang 《Animal genetics》2017,48(1):80-84
A genome‐wide association study (GWAS) was performed to identify markers and candidate genes for five semen traits in the Holstein bull population in China. The analyzed dataset consisted of records from 692 bulls from eight bull stations; each bull was genotyped using the Illumina BovineSNP50 BeadChip. Association tests between each trait and the 41 188 informative high‐quality SNPs were achieved with gapit software. In total, 19 suggestive significant SNPs, partly located within the reported QTL regions or within or close to the reported candidate genes, associated with five semen traits were detected. By combining our GWAS results with the biological functions of these genes, eight novel promising candidate genes, including ETNK1, PDE3A, PDGFRB, CSF1R, WT1, DSCAML1, SOD1 and RUNX2, were identified that potentially relate to semen traits. Our findings may provide a basis for further research on the genetic mechanism of semen traits and marker‐assisted selection of such traits in Holstein bulls. 相似文献
7.
Gabriela L. Lima Felipe F.P.C. Barros Leonardo L.M. Costa Thibrio S. Castelo Jos D. Fontenele-Neto Alexandre R. Silva 《Animal reproduction science》2009,115(1-4):225-230
Despite the wide geographical distribution of coati (Nasua nasua) from the south of Canada to the north of Argentina, studies regarding the reproductive characteristics of this species are extremely limited. The objective of this study was to describe the various characteristics of coati semen by morphometric and ultrastructural analysis. Five mature males were anesthetized and electroejaculated for the collection of semen. Semen was immediately evaluated for color, volume, pH, sperm motility, vigor, morphology, acrosomal integrity, percentage of live cells and hypo-osmotic response by light microscopy. Sperm cell morphometry and ultrastructural analyses were also performed. Observations of seminal characteristics determined by electroejaculation in captive coatis represent a valuable baseline dataset for establishing fertility standards and provide background information that may be useful for assisted breeding programmes in members of the Procyonidae family. 相似文献
8.
Gen Kume Keisuke Furumitsu Shinya Tanaka Atsuko Yamaguchi 《Environmental Biology of Fishes》2009,85(4):289-298
Size at sexual maturity, reproductive cycle, and fecundity of the guitarfish, Rhinobatos hynnicephalus, were examined in Ariake Bay, Japan. Females reached sexual maturity at a larger size than males [total length (TL) at 50%
sexual maturity: males, 431 mm; females, 476 mm]. Monthly gonadosomatic indices of males decreased abruptly from July to August.
Histological examinations confirmed the presence of mature spermatozoa in the testes in July, with semen in seminal vesicles
in July and August. Preovulatory ova were observed in females with near-term embryos in August. Parturition occurred in August,
immediately followed by mating, ovulation, and fertilization. Gestation period is approximately 1 year. Fertilized uterine
eggs without embryonic development were present throughout the annual reproductive cycle. Embryonic development began in June
and ended in August, indicating that R. hynnicephalus undergoes embryonic diapause (9 months). Fecundity increased with TL and ranged from 1 to 9 (mean, 4.4) embryos per litter. 相似文献
9.
S. M. Hosseini M. Fazilati F. Moulavi M. Foruzanfar M. Hajian P. Abedi N. Nasiri A. K. Kaveh A. H. Shahverdi M. R. Hemami M. H. Nasr-Esfahani 《European Journal of Wildlife Research》2009,55(3):239-246
Although the potential use of reproductive biotechnology for safeguarding of endangered wildlife species is undoubted, initial
evaluation of the genetic and reproductive relationship between the endangered mammals and those closely related species is
indispensable. Isfahan mouflon Ovis orientalis isphahanica is now considered as a threatened species by International Union for the Conservation of Nature. Therefore, little is known
about the biology of this species. This study was carried out to investigate the possible reproductive potential of domestic
sheep for ex situ conservation of the Isfahan mouflon. Somatic cell cultures were taken from ear biopsies of the wild and
domestic sheep and were used for karyotype analysis. Semen samples were collected by electroejaculator from the wild and domestic
rams. The spermatological characteristics of the collected semen samples were determined and used for both cryopreservation
and cross-insemination of the synchronized wild and domestic female sheep. To establish a cryobank for the threatened species
biomaterials, freezed samples of the somatic cells and semen were transferred to a cryotank. The result suggested that Isfahan
mouflon has conserved its chromosomal integrity as previously observed and contains the same chromosomal number as the domestic
sheep (2n = 54). The semen samples of both species revealed similar cryoviability (>35% gross motility postthawing). Cross-insemination
of both species resulted in successful pregnancy. It was suggested that domestic sheep possesses the required biological characteristics
to be considered for safeguarding of the Isfahan mouflon. 相似文献
10.
Luana Barbosa Pires Eduardo Antonio Sanches Elizabeth Romagosa Ruy Alberto Caetano Corrêa Filho Rosiane Araujo Rodrigues Nass Nelson Mauricio Lopera‐Barrero Jayme Aparecido Povh 《Zeitschrift fur angewandte Ichthyologie》2019,35(3):747-753
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of cold and room‐temperature storage on the quality of Colossoma macropomum sperm. The experiment was carried out in December (end of Spring), in Nova Mutum‐MT, Brazil, involving nine C. macropomum males (4 years old; 6.4 ± 1.5 kg average weight). The fish were selected and transferred to masonry tanks (4 m3) in a laboratory (water renewal rate: 10 L/s; average water temperature: 28°C). Subsequently, reproduction was induced using 2.5 mg of crude carp pituitary extract/kg and the semen was harvested 240 degree hours after hormonal induction. The following sperm characteristics were analyzed every 5 hr using Image J/casa software: total motility (MOT), curvilinear velocity (VCL), average path velocity (VAP), straight‐line velocity (VSL), straightness of sperm path (STR), wobble (WOB), progressive motility (PROG), beat cross frequency (BCF) and total number of spermatozoa (NSPZ). A fresh sample of semen from each animal was kept at room temperature (25.3 ± 1.2°C). For analysis of cooled semen, syringes were kept in cooling boxes at an average temperature of 16.9 ± 2.1°C. The reduction (p < 0.05) of MOT in semen kept at room temperature occurred at 10 hr (13.95%); in cooled semen, however, MOT declined at 15 hr (76.87%). At 15 hr, there was practically no MOT in the semen kept at room temperature (0.20%), whereas in the cooled semen this situation was observed only at 35 hr (2.91%) The MOT of cooled sperm was higher (p < 0.05) at all times (except zero time), compared with the semen maintained at room temperature. At 15 hr, the cooled spermatozoa showed higher (p < 0.05) VCL (142.18 μm/s) and BCF (29.72 Hz) than those maintained at room temperature (VCL: 51.18 μm/s; BCF: 19.57 Hz). After 15 hr, only the cooled sperm showed quality. In conclusion, semen cooling allows for extending the viability of C. macropomum spermatozoa from 5 to 10 hr without compromising their quality in most characteristics. At 15 and 25 hr of cooling, sperm viability is still observed, though with decreased quality. 相似文献
11.
Maria Nicolas Mercedes Alvarez Susana Gomes-Alves Maria Mata-Campuzano Santiago Borragán Felipe Martinez-Pastor Paulino de Paz Luis Anel 《European Journal of Wildlife Research》2011,57(2):259-266
The objective of this study was to determine how the extender and dilution ratio used during centrifugation affect bear spermatozoa
quality before and after freezing–thawing. Semen was collected from 15 brown bears by electroejaculation. In experiment 1,
semen was divided into five aliquots and diluted using one of the following extenders: Tris-citric-glucose (TCG), Tris-citric-glucose-3%
BSA, Tris-citric-glucose-1% egg yolk or CaninePro. In experiment 2, semen was divided into five aliquots and diluted 1:1,
1:4, 1:8 or 1:16 (semen:extender) with Tris-citric-glucose. In both experiments, one aliquot was left undiluted and it was
used as a control. All the aliquots were centrifuged at 600×g for 6 min and frozen. Samples were analysed by post-thawing for motility (CASA) and, by flow cytometry, for viability (YO-PRO-1),
acrosomal status (PNA-FITC/PI) and mitochondrial status (JC-1). CaninePro rendered the highest motility with respect to the
undiluted control (total motility, 53.1% vs. 38.5%, P < 0.001), and CaninePro and TCG significantly increased the percentage of viable and acrosome-intact spermatozoa (43.2 and
43.4, respectively, vs. 39.4, P < 0.05). In experiment 2, dilution 1:4 yielded the highest value of total motility (78.8 vs. 67.2, P < 0.05) and proportion of spermatozoa with intact membrane and acrosome (64.5 vs. 54.4, P < 0.01). In general, diluting 1:4 or 1:8 brown bear semen prior to centrifugation improved the motility and acrosome status
of the thawed spermatozoa. 相似文献
12.
Pierrick Thoraval Marielle Afanassieff Francois-Loic Cosset Frederic Lasserre Gerard Verdier Francoise Coudert Ginette Dambrine 《Transgenic research》1995,4(6):369-377
We have used vectors derived from avian leukosis viruses to transduce exogenous genes into early somatic stem cells of chicken embryos. The ecotropic helper cell line, Isolde, was used to generate stocks of NL-B vector carrying theNeo
r
selectable marker and theEscherichia coli lacZ gene. Microinjection of the NL-B vector directly beneath unincubated chicken embryo blastoderms resulted in infection of germline stem cells. One of the 16 male birds hatched (6.25%) from the injected embryos contained vector DNA sequences in its semen. Vector sequences were transmitted to G1 progeny at a frequency of 2.7%.Neo
r andlacZ genes were transcribedin vitro in chicken embryo fibroblast cultures from transgenic embryos of the G2 progeny. 相似文献
13.
The hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor (GnRHR) plays an essential physiological role in reproductive function, which triggers the synthesis and release of luteinizing
hormone and follicle stimulating hormone in the pituitary. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of polymorphisms
of GnRHR gene on the quality of fresh and frozen semen in Holstein bulls. The PCR-RFLP method was applied to detect G286A and T340C
transitions determining MboII and BspMI polymorphisms, respectively, in the exon I of bovine GnRHR gene and evaluated its associations with sperm quality traits in 131 Holstein bulls. In polymorphic locus 286, bulls with
the GA genotype had significantly higher sperm motility in frozen semen (FMOT) than GG genotype (P < 0.01). In polymorphic locus 340, bulls with heterozygote CT genotype had significantly higher sperm motility (MOT), semen
volume per ejaculate (VOL), and lower abnormal spermatozoa rate (ASR) than homozygote TT genotype (P < 0.05). Bulls contained one A allele or C allele had a favorable, positive effect on sperm quality traits. These results
indicate that GnRHR gene can be a potential marker for improving sperm quality traits, and imply that bulls with GA or CT genotype should be
selected in breeding program. 相似文献
14.
A general in vitro cloning system was established for four Helleborus species: H. argutifolius, H. foetidus, H. niger and H. orientalis. The plant material was introduced in vitro from axillary buds. A Murashige and Skoog (MS)—based medium (Murashige and Skoog
1962) was used supplemented with 2% (w/v) sucrose, 2-isopentenyladenine (2-iP) and 6-benzylaminopurine (BA). Multiplication
rates depended on the genotype and varied from 1.3 for H. foetidus till 3.8 for H. niger. The first results showed that the rooting phase could be done ex vitro. Rooting was induced by a drench for one week in
a solution of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA -3 mg l−1) and 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA-1 mg l−1) at 5°C. 相似文献
15.
A Sebacinales species was recovered from a clone library made from a pooled rhizosphere sample of Nicotiana attenuata plants from 14 native populations. Axenic cultures of the related species, Piriformospora indica and Sebacina vermifera, were used to examine their effects on plant performance. Inoculation of N. attenuata seeds with either fungus species stimulated seed germination and increased growth and stalk elongation. S. vermifera inoculated plants flowered earlier, produced more flowers and matured more seed capsules than did non-inoculated plants. Jasmonate treatment during rosette-stage growth, which slows growth and elicits herbivore resistance traits, erased differences in vegetative, but not reproductive performance resulting from S. vermifera inoculation. Total nitrogen and phosphorous contents did not differ between inoculated and control plants, suggesting that the performance benefits of fungal inoculation did not result from improvements in nutritional status. Since the expression of trypsin proteinase inhibitors (TPI), defensive proteins which confer resistance to attack from Manduca sexta larvae, incur significant growth and fitness costs for the plant, we examined the effect of S. vermifera inoculation on herbivore resistance and TPI activity. After 10 days of feeding on S. vermifera-inoculated plants, larval mass was 46% higher and TPI activity was 48% lower than that on non-inoculated plants. These results suggest that Sebacina spp. may interfere with defense signaling and allow plants to increase growth rates at the expense of herbivore resistance mediated by TPIs. 相似文献
16.
Blooms of the nuisance alga Gonyostomum semen occurred in Lake 979 (Experimental Lakes Area), a small brown-water lake, that was subjected to several years of an experimental flooding regime. During periods of flooding, blooms of G. semen developed when light decreased below 100molm–2s–1 and total phosphorous concentrations increased to >30gl–1. Gonyostomum semen biomass was significantly correlated with total P and DOC concentrations. In addition, G. semen abundance increased at times when Daphnia rosea had rapidly declined to<10 animals l–1. Daphnia egg ratios suggest that declines in Daphnia abundance were the result of shifts in mortality and not causally linked to changes in G. semen densities. The results observed in Lake 979 were supported by a laboratory experiment where the appearance of G. semen from Lake 979 sediment was stimulated by altering chemical and biological variables. The stimulation of G. semen blooms appears to be dependant on multiple variables rather than a single variable. 相似文献
17.
M. H. Le H. K. Lim B. H. Min M. W. Park Y. J. Chang 《Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries》2011,21(4):789-797
The effects of various extenders and cryoprotectants on movable spermatozoa ratio (MSR), spermatozoa velocity (SV) and duration
of spermatozoa motility (DSM) of post-thawed spermatozoa were examined. The MSR, SV and DSM of post-thawed sperm in artificial
seminal plasma (ASP) extender were higher than those in marine fish Ringer’s solution (MFRS) extender (P < 0.01) and was not significantly different from that of fresh sperm. No significant differences were observed in the motility
parameters between fresh spermatozoa and frozen-thawed spermatozoa cryopreserved with ASP extender supplement 10% EG (ethylene
glycol) cryoprotectant. Using the above method, yellow croaker semen was cryopreserved with extender ASP and 10% EG. As a
result, at the spermatozoa/egg ratio of 100,000:1, the fertilization rate and hatching rate of the frozen-thawed spermatozoa
cryopreserved for 1 week or 1 year in liquid nitrogen (45.7 ± 3.2% and 27.2 ± 5.0% or 37.5 ± 4.4% and 27.2 ± 5.0%) were similar
to that of fresh spermatozoa (51.0 ± 3.1% and 36.7 ± 2.2%). There was a small alternation of shape in cryopreserved spermatozoa
compared with fresh spermatozoa. In conclusion, the optimal conditions for yellow croaker semen cryopreservation are ASP extender
supplement 10% EG cryoprotectant. This is the first report on semen cryopreservation of yellow croaker Larimichthys polyactis. 相似文献
18.
The seasonal occurrence of Mycosphaerella buna in leaves and contiguous organs of Fagus crenata was studied in a Japanese beech forest, Ibaraki, Japan, in 1998 and 1999. Mycosphaerella buna was not isolated from newly developed leaves in May, but it was isolated from asymptomatic leaves after June. The frequency of its occurrence gradually increased until leaffall. In contrast, M. buna was not isolated from overwintered buds, leaf petioles, or contiguous current-year twigs. The spermogonia and pseudothecia were observed in dead leaves after leaffall. The mature pseudothecia were found on dead leaves from May to July. The ascospores produced in the pseudothecia were suggested to infect newly developed leaves.Contribution no. 173, Laboratory of Plant Parasitic Mycology, Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Tsukuba, Japan 相似文献
19.
Higher viral load and genetic diversity of HIV‐1 in seminal compartments than in blood of seven Chinese men who have sex with men and have early HIV‐1 infection
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Yan‐Mei Jiao Guang‐Lei Chen Wei‐Jun Zhu Hui‐huang Huang Jun‐liang Fu Wei‐wei Chen Ming Shi Tong Zhang Hao Wu Fu‐Sheng Wang 《Microbiology and immunology》2017,61(6):239-246
20.
The gene (choB
b
), encoding cholesterol oxidase from Brevibacterium sp. CCTCC M201008, was cloned and sequenced by PCR (GenBank accession number: DQ345780). The gene consists of 1653 base pairs
and encodes a protein of 551 amino acids. ChoB
b
exhibited a homology of 98% with cholesterol oxidase gene from Brevibacterium
sterolicum ATCC 21387. The cholesterol oxidase gene, cloned in the vector pET-28a, was over-expressed in Escherichia
coli BL21–CodonPlus (DE3)-RP grown at 23°C in Luria-Bertani medium containing 50 μM riboflavin, the precursor of the FAD coenzyme
of the enzyme. A maximum activity of 3.7 U/mg was obtained from cell free extract of E. coli BL21-CodonPlus (DE3)-RP harboring the pET-28a-choBb. 相似文献