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1.
A new type of gas-vacuolated, sulfate-reducing bacterium was isolated at 10° C from reduced mud (E0 < 0) obtained from a temperate estuary with thiosulfate and lactate as substrates. The strain was moderately psychrophilic
with optimum growth at 18–19° C and a maximum growth temperature of 24° C. Propionate, lactate, and alcohols served as electron
donors and carbon sources. The organism grew heterotrophically only with hydrogen as electron donor. Propionate and lactate
were incompletely oxidized to acetate; traces of lactate were fermented to propionate, CO2, and possibly acetate in the presence of sulfate. Pyruvate was utilized both with and without an electron acceptor present.
The strain did not contain desulfoviridin. The G+C content was 48.4 mol%. The differences in the 16S rRNA sequence of the
isolate compared with that of its closest phylogenetic neighbors, bacteria of the genus Desulfobulbus, support the assignment of the isolate to a new genus. The isolate is described as the type strain of the new species and
genus, Desulforhopalus vacuolatus.
Received: 4 March 1996 / Accepted: 17 June 1996 相似文献
2.
Zhao W Weber C Zhang CL Romanek CS King GM Mills G Sokolova T Wiegel J 《Extremophiles : life under extreme conditions》2006,10(4):337-345
A novel thermophilic, alkali-tolerant, and CO-tolerant strain JW/WZ-YB58T was isolated from green mat samples obtained from the Zarvarzin II hot spring in the Uzon Caldera, Kamchatka (Far East Russia). Cells were Gram-type and Gram stain-positive, strictly aerobic, 0.7–0.8 μm in width and 5.5–12 μm in length and produced terminal spherical spores of 1.2–1.6 μm in diameter with the mother cell swelling around 2 μm in diameter (drumstick-type morphology). Cells grew optimally at pH25°C 8.2–8.4 and temperature 50–52°C and tolerated maximally 6% (w/v) NaCl. They were strict heterotrophs and could not use either CO or CO2 (both with or without H2) as sole carbon source, but tolerated up to 90% (v/v) CO in the headspace. The isolate grew on various complex substrates such as yeast extract, on carbohydrates, and organic acids, which included starch, d-galactose, d-mannose, glutamate, fumarate and acetate. Catalase reaction was negative. The membrane polar lipids were dominated by branched saturated fatty acids, which included iso-15:0 (24.5%), anteiso-15:0 (18.3%), iso-16:0 (9.9%), iso-17:0 (17.5%) and anteiso-17:0 (9.7%) as major constituents. The DNA G+C content of the strain is 45 mol%. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain JW/WZ-YB58T is distantly (<93% similarity) related to members of Bacillaceae. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence, physiological and phenotypic characteristics, the isolate JW/WZ-YB58T (ATCC BAA-1258; DSM 17740) is proposed to be the type strain for the type species of the new taxa within the family Bacillaceae, Thermalkalibacillus uzoniensis gen. nov. sp. nov. The Genbank accession number for the 16S rRNA gene sequence is DQ221694.The Genbank accession number for the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain JW/WZ-YB58T is DQ221694. 相似文献
3.
Marie-Laure Fardeau Vanessa Barsotti Jean-Luc Cayol Sophie Guasco Valérie Michotey Manon Joseph Patricia Bonin Bernard Ollivier 《Extremophiles : life under extreme conditions》2010,14(3):241-247
A novel facultative microaerophilic nitrate-reducing bacterium designated CA62NT was isolated from a thermal spring in France. Cells were non-motile rods (2–3 × 0.2 μm) and showed low cytoplasmic density
when observed under a phase-contrast microscope. Strain CA62NT grew at temperatures between 50 and 75°C (optimum 65°C) and at a pH between 6.3 and 7.9 (optimum 7.0). NaCl was not required
for growth but was tolerated up to 10 gl−1. Sulfate, thiosulfate, elemental sulfur, sulfite, and nitrite were not used as electron acceptors. Nitrate was reduced to
nitrite. Strain CA62NT used lactate, pyruvate, glucose, mannose, fructose, and casamino acids and some amino acids as electron donors only in the
presence of nitrate as electron acceptor. None of these substrates was fermented. The main end-products of glucose oxidation
were acetate, CO2, and traces of H2. The G + C content of the genomic DNA was 70.3 mol% (HPLC techniques). Phylogenetic analysis of the small-subunit (SSU) ribosomal
RNA (rRNA) gene sequence indicated that strain CA62NT was affiliated to the Symbiobacterium branch within the Firmicutes and had Symbiobacterium thermophilum and “S. toebii” as its closest phylogenetic relatives. On the basis of phylogenetical and physiological characteristics, strain CA62NT is proposed to be the type strain for the novel species in the novel genus, Caldinitratiruptor microaerophilus gen. nov., sp. nov. (DSM 22660, JCM 16183). 相似文献
4.
R. Dirmeier Martin Keller Doris Hafenbradl Franz-Josef Braun Reinhard Rachel Siegfried Burggraf Karl O. Stetter 《Extremophiles : life under extreme conditions》1998,2(2):109-114
From a shallow marine hydrothermal system at Vulcano (Italy), a new hyperthermophilic member of the Archaea was isolated. The cells are coccoid – shaped and possess up to five flagella. They grow between 56° and 93°C (optimum 85°C)
and pH 5.0–9.5 (optimum 9.0). The organism is strictly anaerobic and grows heterotrophically on defined amino acids and complex
organic substrates such as casamino acids, yeast extract, peptone, meat extract, tryptone, and casein. Polysulfide and elemental
sulfur are reduced to H2S. In the absence of polysulfide or elemental sulfur, the isolate grows at a significantly reduced rate. Growth is not influenced
by the presence of H2. DNA–DNA hybridization and 16S rRNA partial sequences indicated that the new isolate belongs to the genus Thermococcus, and represents a new species, Thermococcus acidaminovorans. The type strain is isolate AEDII10 (DSM 11906).
Received: September 24, 1997 / Accepted: January 1, 1998 相似文献
5.
D. O. Mountfort Frederick A. Rainey Jutta Burghardt Heinrich F. Kaspar Erko Stackebrandt 《Archives of microbiology》1997,167(1):54-60
A gram-positive, motile, rod-shaped, strictly anaerobic bacterium was isolated from an enrichment initiated with sediment
taken from below the cyanobacterial mat of a low-salinity pond on the McMurdo Ice Shelf, Antarctica. The organism grew optimally
at 12° C, at pH 6.5, and at an NaCl concentration of
< 0.5% (w/v). It survived freeze-thawing at low salt concentrations,
but not exposure to temperatures over 25° C for more than 20 h or short-term exposure to temperatures
> 50° C. Out of a variety of polysaccharides tested as
growth
substrates, only xylan supported growth. The organism also grew on a variety of mono- and disaccharides including the cyanobacterial
cell wall constituent, N-acetyl glucosamine. Fermentation products on a mol product per 100 mol of hexose monomer fermented basis were: acetate, 72;
formate, 72; butyrate, 55; hydrogen, 114; and CO2, 100. Not detectable in the culture medium
(< 2 mol per 100 mol of monomer) were lactate, propionate, ethanol,
n-propanol, n-butanol, and succinate. The G+C content of the DNA from the bacterium was 33 mol%, and a phylogenetic analysis indicated
that it grouped closely with members of the RNA-DNA homology group 1 of the genus Clostridium. It differed from other species of this genus with regard to growth temperature optimum, substrate range, and fermentation
pattern, and is therefore designated as a new species of Clostridium for which the name Clostridium vincentii is proposed. The type strain is lac-1 (DSM 10228).
Received: 6 August 1996 / Accepted: 30 October 1996 相似文献
6.
A novel, Gram-positive bacterium, designated DLS-06T, was isolated from scoria (volcanic ash) under rock on the peak of small mountain (300 m above the sea level; known as Darangshi
Oreum) in Jeju, Republic of Korea. The cells of the isolate were aerobic, oxidase-negative, catalase-positive, endospore-forming,
non-motile rods. The organism grew at 25∼30°C and initial pH 6.1∼9.1. A neighbour-joining tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences
showed that the organism was related to members of the family “Sporolactobacillaceae” and related taxa. The phylogenetic neighbours were Pullulanibacillus naganoensis (95.2% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity), Tuberibacillus calidus (95.0%) and Sporolactobacillus (91.8∼94.2%). Levels of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of the isolate to representatives of other genera were in the range
of 87.2∼93.7%. The organism contained meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid in the cell-wall peptidoglycan.
The predominant menaquinone was MK-7. The polar lipid profile contained diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, an unknown
ninhydrin-positive phospholipid, three unknown phospholipids and an unknown lipid. The major fatty acids were anteiso-C15:0 and anteiso-C17:0. The G+C content of the DNA was 50.8 mol%. On the basis of the phenotypic and phylogenetic data presented in this study,
this organism represents a novel genus and species in the order Bacillales, for which the name Scopulibacillus darangshiensis gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is DLS-06T (=DSM 19377T =KCTC 13161T). 相似文献
7.
A new type of phototrophic purple bacterium, strain 930I, was isolated from a microbial mat covering intertidal sandy sediments
of Great Sippewissett Salt Marsh (Woods Hole, Mass., USA). The bacterium could only be enriched at a wavelength of 932 (±
10) nm. Cells were vibrioid- to spirilloid-shaped and motile by means of bipolar monotrichous flagellation. The intracytoplasmic
membranes were of the lamellar type. Photosynthetic pigments comprised bacteriochlorophyll a and the carotenoids spirilloxanthin and lycopenal. The isolated strain exhibited an unusual, long-wavelength absorption maximum
at 911 nm. Sulfide or thiosulfate served as electron donor for anoxygenic phototrophic growth. During growth on sulfide, elemental
sulfur globules formed outside the cells. Elemental sulfur could not be further oxidized to sulfate. In the presence of sulfide
plus bicarbonate, fructose, acetate, propionate, butyrate, valerate, 2-oxoglutarate, pyruvate, lactate, malate, succinate,
fumarate, malonate, casamino acids, yeast extract, L(+)-alanine, and L(+)-glutamate were assimilated. Sulfide, thiosulfate,
or elemental sulfur served as a reduced sulfur source for photosynthetic growth. Maximum growth rates were obtained at pH
7.9, 30 °C, 50 μmol quanta m–2 s–1 of daylight fluorescent tubes, and a salinity of 1–2% NaCl. The strain grew microaerophilically in the dark at a partial
pressure of 1 kPa O2. The DNA base composition was 71.2 mol% G + C. Sequence comparison of 16S rRNA genes indicated that the isolate is a member
of the α-Proteobacteria and is most closely related to Rhodobium orientis at a similarity level of 93.5%. Because of the large phylogenetic distance to known phototrophic species of the α-Proteobacteria
and of its unique absorption spectrum, strain 930I is described as a new genus and species, Roseospirillum parvum gen. nov. and sp. nov.
Received: 29 December 1998 / Accepted: 17 March 1999 相似文献
8.
R. Huber Josef Stöhr Sabine Hohenhaus Reinhard Rachel Siegfried Burggraf Holger W. Jannasch Karl O. Stetter 《Archives of microbiology》1995,164(4):255-264
From a hydrothermal vent site off the Mexican west coast (20°50′N, 109°06′W) at a depth of 2,600 m, a novel, hyperthermophilic,
anaerobic archaeum was isolated. Cells were round to slightly irregular cocci, 1.2–2.5 μm in diameter and were motile by means
of a tuft of flagella. The new isolate grew between 60 and 93°C (optimum: 85°C), from pH 3.5 to 9 (optimum: pH 6.7), and from
0.8 to 8% NaCl (optimum: 2%). The isolate was an obligate organotroph, using chitin, yeast extract, meat extract, and peptone
for growth. Chitin was fermented to H2, CO2, NH3, acetate, and formate. H2S was formed in the presence of sulfur. The chitinoclastic enzyme system was oxygen-stable, cell-associated, and inducible
by chitin. The cell wall was composed of a surface layer of hex- americ protein complexes arranged on a p6 lattice. The core
lipids consisted of glycerol diphytanyl diethers and acyclic and cyclic glycerol diphytanyl tetraethers. The G+C content was
46.5 mol%. DNA/DNA hybridization and 16S rRNA sequencing indicated that the new isolate belongs to the genus Thermococcus, representing a new species, Thermococcus chitonophagus. The type strain is isolate GC74, DSM 10152.
Received: 8 May 1995 / Accepted: 26 June 1995 相似文献
9.
Isolation and Characterization of Acetate-Utilizing Anaerobes from a Freshwater Sediment 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Acetate-degrading anaerobic microorganisms in freshwater sediment were quantified by the most probable number technique. From
the highest dilutions a methanogenic, a sulfate-reducing, and a nitrate-reducing microorganism were isolated with acetate
as substrate. The methanogen (culture AMPB-Zg) was non-motile and rod-shaped with blunted ends (0.5–1 μm × 3–4 μm long). Doubling
times with acetate at 30–35°C were 5.6–8.1 days. The methanogen grew only on acetate. Analysis of the 16S rRNA sequence showed
that AMPB-Zg is closely related toMethanosaeta concilii. The isolated sulfate-reducing bacterium (strain ASRB-Zg) was rod-shaped with pointed ends (0.5–0.7 μm × 1.5–3.5 μm long),
weakly motile, spore forming, and gram positive. At the optimum growth temperature of 30°C the doubling times with acetate
were 3.9–5.3 days. The bacterium grew on a range of organic acids, such as acetate, butyrate, fumarate, and benzoate, but
did not grow autotrophically with H2, CO2, and sulfate. The closest relative of strain ASRB-Zg isDesulfotomaculum acetoxidans. The nitrate-reducing bacterium (strain ANRB-Zg) was rod-shaped (0.5–0.7 μm × 0.7–1 μm long), weakly motile, and gram negative.
Optimum growth with acetate occurred at 20–25°C. The bacterium grew on a range of organic substrates, such as acetate, butyrate,
lactate, and glucose, and did grow autotrophically with H2, CO2, and oxygen but not with nitrate. In the presence of acetate and nitrate, thiosulfate was oxidized to sulfate. Phylogenetically,
the closest relative of strain ANRB-Zg isVariovorax paradoxus. 相似文献
10.
Nadia Khelifi Emna Ben Romdhane Abdeljabbar Hedi Anne Postec Marie-Laure Fardeau Moktar Hamdi Jean-Luc Tholozan Bernard Ollivier Agnès Hirschler-Réa 《Extremophiles : life under extreme conditions》2010,14(3):297-304
A novel thermophilic anaerobic and microaerophilic bacterium (optimal growth in the presence of 5–10% O2), strain Nad S1T was isolated from the terrestrial hot spring of Hammam Sidi Jdidi, Nabeul, Tunisia. Cells were motile rods having a Gram-positive
cell wall structure. Strain Nad S1T grew optimally at 55°C (range 37–70°C). Optimum pH for growth was 6.5–7.0. It was halotolerant growing with NaCl up to 7%
(optimum concentration 1.5–3.0%). It grew chemoorganotrophically on various carbohydrates, organic-acids and amino-acids as
energy sources, or chemolithotrophically on H2 using nitrate, as terminal electron acceptor. Beside oxygen (under microaerobic conditions) and nitrate, nitrite was also
used. Nitrate was completely reduced to N2. No fermentation occurred. The genomic DNA G + C content was 41.8 mol%. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain
Nad S1T belongs to the Bacillaceae family within the class ‘Bacilli’. Because of its phylogenetic and phenotypic characteristics, we propose this isolate to be assigned as a novel genus and
a novel species within the domain Bacteria, Microaerobacter geothermalis gen. nov., sp. nov. The type strain is Nad S1T (=DSM 22679T =JCM 16213T). 相似文献
11.
Irina A. Bryantseva Vladimir M. Gorlenko Elena I. Kompantseva Laurie A. Achenbach M. T. Madigan 《Archives of microbiology》1999,172(3):167-174
A novel alkaliphilic heliobacterium was isolated from microbial mats of a low-salt alkaline Siberian soda lake. Cells of
the new organism were tightly coiled when grown in coculture with a rod-shaped bacterium, but grew as short filaments when
finally obtained in pure culture. The new phototroph, designated strain BT-H1, produced bacteriochlorophyll g and a neurosporene-like pigment, and lacked internal photosynthetic membranes. Similar to other heliobacteria, strain BT-H1
grew photoheterotrophically on a limited range of organic compounds including acetate and pyruvate. Sulfide was oxidized to
elemental sulfur and polysulfides under photoheterotrophic conditions; however, photoautotrophic growth was not observed.
Cultures of strain BT-H1 were alkaliphilic, growing optimally at pH 9, and unlike other heliobacteria, they grew optimally
at a temperature of 25 °C rather than at 40 °C or above. Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence of the new organism showed
that it groups within the heliobacterial clade. However, its branching order was phylogenetically basal to all previously
investigated species of heliobacteria. The G+C content of the DNA of strain BT-H1 (44.9 mol%) was also quite distinct from
that of other heliobacteria. This unique assemblage of properties implicates strain BT-H1 as a new genus and species of the
heliobacteria, Heliorestis daurensis, named for its unusual morphology (“restis” is Latin for “rope”) and for the Daur Steppe in Russia in which these soda lakes
are located.
Received: 15 March 1999 / Accepted: 25 June 1999 相似文献
12.
I. A. Bryantseva T. P. Tourova O. L. Kovaleva N. A. Kostrikina V. M. Gorlenko 《Microbiology》2010,79(6):780-790
Two strains of purple sulfur bacteria of the family Ectothiorhodospiraceae were isolated from moderately saline steppe lakes (with pH above 9.0) of the Transbaikal region (strain B7-7) and Mongolia
(strain M10). The cells of the novel strains were spiral-shaped, 2.0–3.2 × 9.6–20.0 μm, motile due to a polar tuft of flagella.
Photosynthetic pigments were represented by bacteriochlorophyll a and carotenoids of the spirilloxanthin series. Photosynthetic membranes were represented by long strands of lamellae distributed
throughout the whole cell; unlike most Ectothiorhodospiraceae species, the membranes were not packed into regular stacks. Bacteria were capable of weak growth on sulfide and slow grow
on hydrogen under photoautotrophic conditions. The best growth was noted on sulfide in the presence of acetate and bicarbonate.
Thiosulfate did not stimulate phototrophic growth, even in the presence of organic substrates. The new isolates were alkaliphiles
growing at a pH optimum of 9–10. Growth was possible within a salinity range of 0–80 g/l NaCl, with an optimum at 5–15 g/l
NaCl. The morphology, the structure of the photosynthetic apparatus (strands of lamellae), and the physiology of the new strains
were similar to those of Thiorhodospira sibirica. However, analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences demonstrated that the studied isolates were closely related to the type
strain Ectothiorhodospira shaposhnikovii (99% similarity) of the family Ectothiorhodospiraceae, whereas the level of similarity between the new strains and Thiorhodospira sibirica was only 94–95%. According to the results of DNA-DNA hybridization, the DNA-DNA homology level between the tested strains
was almost 100%; the similarity between the new isolates and the type strain Ectothiorhodospira shaposhnikovii was only 58%. The isolates differed from other representatives of the genus Ectothiorhodospira in the structure of the gene encoding the key enzyme of autotrophic CO2 fixation, ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (RuBisCo), which was similar to the RuBisCo genes of members of another family
of sulfur bacteria, Chromatiaceae. The new isolates of purple bacteria were described as a new species of the genus Ectothiorhodospira, Ect. magna sp. nov. with the type strain B7-7T (= VKM B-2537 = DSM 22250). 相似文献
13.
Grégoire P Fardeau ML Guasco S Lagière J Cambar J Michotey V Bonin P Ollivier B 《Antonie van Leeuwenhoek》2012,101(3):595-602
A novel strictly anaerobic bacterium designated SPDX02-08T was isolated from a deep terrestrial geothermal spring located in southwest France. Cells (1–2 × 2–6 μm) were non-motile,
non sporulating and stained Gram negative. Strain SPDX02-08T grew at a temperature between 40 and 60°C (optimum 55°C), pH between 6.3 and 7.3 (optimum 7.2) and a NaCl concentration between
0 and 5 g/l (optimum 2 g/l). Sulfate, thiosulfate and sulfite were used as terminal electron acceptors, but not elemental
sulfur, nitrate, nitrite, Fe (III) or fumarate. In the presence of sulfate, strain SPDX02-08T completely oxidized pyruvate, propionate, butyrate, isobutyrate, valerate, isovalerate and hexadecanoate. Stoichiometric
measurements revealed a complete oxidation of part of lactate (0.125 mol of acetate produced per mole lactate oxidized). Strain
SPDX02-08T required yeast extract to oxidize formate and H2 but did not grow autotrophically on H2. Among the substrates tested, only pyruvate was fermented. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 57.6 mol%. Major cellular
fatty acids of strain SPDX02-08T were iso-C15:0, C15:0, and C16:0. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S small-subunit (SSU) ribosomal RNA gene sequence indicated that strain SPDX02-08T belongs to the genus Desulfosoma, family Syntrophobacteraceae, having Desulfosoma caldarium as its closest phylogenetic relative (97.6% similarity). The mean DNA/DNA reassociation value between strain SPDX02-08T and Desulfosoma caldarium was 16.9 ± 2.7%. Based on the polyphasic differences, strain SPDX02-08T is proposed to be assigned as a new species of the genus Desulfosoma, Desulfosoma profundi sp. nov. (DSM 22937T = JCM 16410T). GenBank accession number for the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain SPDX02-08T is HM056226. 相似文献
14.
An aminopeptidase from the mycelia of Streptomyces rimosus was isolated in an electrophoretically homogeneous form. It was shown to be a monomeric, acidic protein (pI = 4.4, mol. wt.
approx. 83,000), with optimal activity at pH 7.1–7.8 and at 35–41° C. The enzyme was fully inhibited by 0.1 mM EDTA or 1 mM
o-phenanthroline; the activity was restored upon addition of 0.05 mM Co2+, Zn2+, or Ni2+. Amastatin, bestatin, and puromycin also inhibited the enzyme. The aminopeptidase hydrolyzed amino-acid-2-naphthylamides
and various di- to heptapeptides. The highest catalytic coefficients (23 and 19 μM–1 s–1) were obtained with Arg- and Lys-2-naphthylamide, followed by Leu-, Phe- and Met-derivatives with one order of magnitude
lower catalytic coefficients. Basic or bulky hydrophobic amino acids at the P1 and/or P1′ position of peptide substrates were preferred. Acidic amino acids and proline were not accepted. The affinity of the enzyme
increased with the length of peptide. According to these properties, S. rimosus intracellular aminopeptidase is distinct from the extracellular leucine aminopeptidase of the same organism and can be classified
as an Arg(Lys)-preferring metalloaminopeptidase.
Received: 18 January 1996 / Accepted: 19 March 1996 相似文献
15.
Silke Ehrich Doris Behrens Elena Lebedeva Wolfgang Ludwig Eberhard Bock 《Archives of microbiology》1995,164(1):16-23
A gram-negative, non-motile, non-marine, nitrite-oxidizing bacterium was isolated from an enrichment culture initiated with
a sample from a partially corroded area of an iron pipe of a heating system in Moscow, Russia. The cells were 0.9–2.2 μm ×
0.2–0.4 μm in size. They were helical- to vibroid-shaped and often formed spirals with up to three turns 0.8–1.0 μm in width.
The organism possessed an enlarged periplasmic space and lacked intracytoplasmic membranes and carboxysomes. The cells tended
to excrete extracellular polymers, forming aggregates. The bacterium grew optimally at 39°C and pH 7.6– 8.0 in a mineral medium
with nitrite as sole energy source and carbon dioxide as sole carbon source. The optimal nitrite concentration was 0.35 mM.
Nitrite was oxidized to nitrate stoichiometrically. The doubling time was 12 h in a mineral medium with 7.5 mM nitrite. The
cell yield was low; only 0.9 mg protein/l was formed during oxidation of 7.5 mM nitrite. Under anoxic conditions, hydrogen
was used as electron donor with nitrate as electron acceptor. Organic matter (yeast extract, meat extract, peptone) supported
neither mixotrophic nor heterotrophic growth. At concentrations as low as 0.75 g organic matter/l or higher, growth of nitrite-oxidizing
cells was inhibited. The cells contained cytochromes of the b- and c-type. The G+C content of DNA was 56.9 ± 0.4 mol%. The chemolithoautotrophic nitrite-oxidizer differed from the terrestrial
members of the genus Nitrobacter with regard to morphology and substrate range and equaled Nitrospira marina in both characteristics. The isolated bacterium is designated as a new species of the genus Nitrospira. Comparative analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed a moderate phylogenetic relationship to Nitrospira marina, leptospirilla, Thermodesulfovibrio yellowstonii, "Magnetobacterium bavaricum," and the isolate OPI-2. Initial evidence is given that these organisms represent a new phylum of the domain bacteria.
Received: 17 February 1995 / Accepted: 18 April 1995 相似文献
16.
17.
Chen YG Cui XL Li WJ Xu LH Wen ML Peng Q Jiang CL 《Extremophiles : life under extreme conditions》2008,12(2):197-203
A novel pale-yellow-pigmented, moderately halophilic, facultatively alkaliphilic, non-motile, non-spore-forming, catalase-
and oxidase-positive, obligately aerobic Gram-positive coccus, strain YIM-C678T was isolated from a saline soil sample collected from a hypersaline habitat in the Qaidam basin, northwest China. The organism
grew at 4–37°C and pH 6.0–11.0, with optimum growth at 25°C and pH 8.0. Strain YIM-C678T grew optimally in the presence of 10–12% (w/v) NaCl and growth was observed in 1–25% (w/v) NaCl. The cell wall murein type
was l-Lys-Gly5. Major cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C15:0, iso-C15:0, iso-C16:0 and C16:0. Menaquinone 6 (MK-6) was the major respiratory quinone. The DNA G + C content was 46.5 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based
on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the strain YIM-C678T belonged to the family Staphylococcaceae and was most closely related to the eight described species of the genus Salinicoccus with sequence similarities from 92.2 (S. luteus YIM 70202T) to 97.5% (S. kunmingensis YIM Y15T). The DNA–DNA relatedness between strain YIM-C678T and S. kunmingensis YIM Y15T was 35.4%. Chemotaxonomic data and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis supported the affiliation of strain YIM-C678T with the genus Salinicoccus. The combination of phylogenetic analysis, phenotypic characteristics, chemotaxonomic differences and DNA–DNA hybridization
data supported the view that the bacterium represents a novel species of the genus Salinicoccus, for which the name Salinicoccus salitudinis sp. nov. is proposed, with YIM-C678T (=DSM 17846 = CGMCC 1.6299) as the type strain. 相似文献
18.
Ferroglobus placidus gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel hyperthermophilic archaeum that oxidizes Fe2+ at neutral pH under anoxic conditions 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
D. Hafenbradl Martin Keller Reinhard Dirmeier Reinhard Rachel Petra Roßnagel Siegfried Burggraf Harald Huber Karl O. Stetter 《Archives of microbiology》1996,166(5):308-314
A novel coccoid, anaerobic, Fe2+-oxidizing archaeum was isolated from a shallow submarine hydrothermal system at Vulcano, Italy. In addition to ferrous iron,
H2 and sulfide served as electron donors. NO3
– was used as electron acceptor. In the presence of H2, also S2O3
2– could serve as electron acceptor. The isolate was a neutrophilic hyperthermophile that grew between 65° C and 95° C. It represents
a novel genus among the Archaeoglobales that we name Ferroglobus. The type species is Ferroglobus placidus (DSM 10642).
Received: 7 March 1996 / Accepted: 4 September 1996 相似文献
19.
Abdeljabbar Hedi Marie-Laure Fardeau Najla Sadfi Abdellatif Boudabous Bernard Ollivier Jean-Luc Cayol 《Extremophiles : life under extreme conditions》2009,13(2):313-319
A new halophilic anaerobe was isolated from the hypersaline surface sediments of El-Djerid Chott, Tunisia. The isolate, designated
as strain 6SANG, grew at NaCl concentrations ranging from 14 to 30%, with an optimum at 20–22%. Strain 6SANG was a non-spore-forming,
non-motile, rod-shaped bacterium, appearing singly, in pairs, or occasionally as long chains (0.7–1 × 4–13 μm) and showed
a Gram-negative-like cell wall pattern. It grew optimally at pH values between 7.2 and 7.4, but had a very broad pH range
for growth (5.9–8.4). Optimum temperature for growth was 42°C (range 30–50°C). Strain 6SANG required yeast extract for growth
on sugars. Glucose, sucrose, galactose, mannose, maltose, cellobiose, pyruvate, and starch were fermented. The end products
from glucose fermentation were acetate, butyrate, lactate, H2, and CO2. The G + C ratio of the DNA was 34.3 mol%. Strain 6SANG exhibited 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values of 91–92% with
members of the genus Halobacteroides, H. halobius being its closest phylogenetic relative. Based on phenotypic and phylogenetic characteristics, we propose that this bacterium
be classified as a novel species of a novel genus, Halanaerobaculum tunisiense gen. nov., sp. nov. The type strain is 6SANGT (=DSM 19997T = JCM 15060T). 相似文献
20.
A. I. Saralov B. B. Kuznetsov E. M. Reutskikh R. V. Baslerov A. N. Panteleeva N. E. Suzina 《Microbiology》2012,81(5):582-588
A halophilic nonpigmented rod-shaped (0.8–1.0 × 2.0–2.5 μm), gram-negative bacterium with a single polar flagellum (strain RS91) was isolated from acidic brines of flotation enrichment of potassium minerals (Silvinit Co., Solikamsk, Russia). The strain grew in the media with 2 to 25% NaCl (optimum at 10–12%), 20–45°C (optimum at 37°C), and pH 5.5–8.5 (optimum 6.5–7.5). It was an aerobe or facultative anaerobe incapable of fermentation. The strain was characterized by the absence of growth on glucose, fructose, and citrate, extensive aerobic growth on n-hexadecane and in the mineral medium with H2 + O2 + CO2 in the gas phase, anaerobic nitrate reduction with acetate or hydrogen (under H2 + CO2 + N2), and variable fatty acid composition. The DNA G+C content was 68.2 mol %. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that while strain RS91 was most closely related to Arhodomonas aquaeolei HA-1T (98.3%) and Nitrococcus mobilis (98.1%), it was only remotely related to the halophilic phototroph Halorhodospira halophila (90.6%). Based on the combination of its phenotypic and genotypic characteristics, the organism was classified as a new species of the genus Arhodomonas, family Ectothiorhodospiraceae with the proposed name Arhodomonas recens sp. nov. The type strain is RS91T (= IEGM 796T = VKPM B-11280T). 相似文献