筋骨草提取物抗运动疲劳的作用

目的：探讨筋骨草的抗运动性疲劳作用。方法：将120只雄性昆明种小鼠随机平均分成安静组、运动组、阳性对照组和筋骨草低、中、高剂量组（n=10）。其中低、中、高剂量组小鼠分别按100 mg/kg、200 mg/kg、400 mg/kg体重连续灌胃筋骨草提取物30 d,阳性对照组小鼠按200 mg/kg体重灌胃西洋参胶囊颗粒,安静组和运动组小鼠以等体积生理盐水灌胃。动物试验结束后,分析各组小鼠运动力竭时间、血清生理生化指标（包括血乳酸、血尿素氮、血糖、总胆固醇、甘油三酯含量）、肝糖原与肌糖原含量,以及股四头肌、肝脏和心脏组织的抗氧化指标（包括谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶和丙二醛）。结果：中、高剂量组小鼠的运动力竭时间、红细胞数量、血红蛋白含量、血糖浓度、肝糖原与肌糖原含量,以及器官组织中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶活力均明显高于运动对照组,而血清乳酸含量、血清尿素氮、血清甘油三酯与总胆固醇含量,以及器官组织中丙二醛含量明显低于运动对照组,中剂量的筋骨草提取物的作用效果优于同剂量的西洋参胶囊颗粒。结论：筋骨草通过提高机体的抗氧化功能而达到抗运动性疲劳作用。     

红景天提取物提高高强度跑台运动小鼠的抗氧化能力

为了考察红景天提取物对高强度跑台运动小鼠的抗氧化能力的影响,本研究将30只昆明小鼠随机分成对照组、模型组和红景天提取物组,每组10只。红景天提取物组小鼠按照500 mg/kg bw的剂量灌胃红景天提取液(2 m L)。对照组和模型组小鼠灌胃等体积的蒸馏水,共灌胃4周。采用硫酸蒽酮比色法检测小鼠肝脏和肌肉组织糖原的含量;采用硫代巴比妥酸比色法检测小鼠骨骼肌组织中的丙二醛(MDA)水平;采用RT-PCR和Western blotting检测骨骼肌组织中的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)的表达水平;采用苏木精和伊红(HE)染色评价骨骼肌病理改变。研究显示,模型组小鼠的跑台运动时间显著低于红景天提取物组(61.32 min vs 83.22 min,p<0.05);与模型组相比,红景天提取物组小鼠骨骼肌的炎性细胞浸润明显减轻,肌纤维排列明显改善;红景天提取物组的肝糖原和肌糖原含量均显著高于模型组;红景天提取物组小鼠骨骼肌组织中的MDA水平显著低于模型组;红景天提取物组的SOD、GSH-Px和CAT m RNA和蛋白表达水平均显著高于模型组;红景天提取物可通过上调抗氧化酶表达来增加抗氧化能力,减弱骨骼肌损伤,并增加机体的抗疲劳能力。     

杜仲多糖改善运动疲劳的研究

目的：评价杜仲多糖（EUP）抗运动性疲劳的效果。方法：40只昆明小鼠建立一个5周的小鼠游泳模型,将小鼠分为运动对照组、蔗糖对照组、高剂量EUP组和低剂量EUP组（n=10）,服药采取灌胃的方式。训练期结束后,测定各组小鼠的体重变化与游泳力竭时间、力竭游泳后动物的血糖浓度、血乳酸（BLA）浓度、血尿素氮（BUN）浓度、肌酸激酶（CK）活性、肝糖原、肌糖原含量变化。结果：EUP高剂量与低剂量组小鼠较对照组体重增加明显,E UP高剂量游泳力竭时间显著延长（P<0.05）、血清CK活性和BUN含量显著下降（P <0.05）,但血糖、肝肌糖原以及BLA的水平变化不明显。结论：EUP具有抗运动性疲劳的作用,其机理与其调节机体糖代谢、节约蛋白质有关。     

辣木叶黄精多糖组合物的抗疲劳作用及其机制研究*

目的: 探讨辣木叶黄精多糖组合物的抗疲劳作用,并探讨相关的机制。方法: 将30只雄性昆明小鼠随机分为正常对照组(C)、组合物组(MP),每组15只。C组灌胃蒸馏水,MP组灌胃组合物,每组灌胃体积均为0.5 ml。每日灌胃,处理14 d后进行负重游泳实验,按小鼠体质量的3%进行尾部负重,记录力竭游泳时间。在另一项实验中,将48只雄性昆明小鼠随机分为安静对照组(QC)、游泳对照组(SC)、组合物组(MP),每组16只。QC和SC组灌胃蒸馏水,MP组灌胃组合物,灌胃体积均为0.5 ml,每日灌胃,处理14 d。实验第15日,灌胃30 min后,QC组立即取血、肝脏和后腿骨骼肌;SC和MP组进行90 min非负重游泳实验,游泳结束后取血液、肝脏、后腿骨骼肌。采用试剂盒测定血清、组织中的疲劳相关指标、氧化/抗氧化指标、能量代谢指标。结果: MP组小鼠力竭游泳时间较C组显著延长(P<0.05)。与对照组比较,非负重游泳显著降低小鼠血糖和血清谷胱甘肽(GSH)水平、肝糖原和肝脏ATP含量,抑制肝脏超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)和ATP酶活性,以及肌肉谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性(P<0.05)。而血尿素氮(BUN)和血清丙二醛(MDA)水平显著升高(P<0.05)。与SC组比较,MP显著增加小鼠血糖和肝糖原含量,增加血清GSH水平、肝脏SOD活性、肌肉GSH-Px活性,增强肝脏LDH、ATP酶活性,增加肝脏ATP含量(P<0.05),降低血清BUN(P<0.05)。结论: 辣木叶黄精多糖组合物具有抗疲劳作用,抗氧化和改善能量代谢可能是其发挥作用的重要机制。     

高原红景天抗疲劳作用的研究

目的：探讨高原红景天在抗运动性疲劳的作用,并阐明其抗疲劳的作用机制。方法：将200只雄性ICR小鼠随机分为四组（n=50）,即：负重游泳组、血清尿素氮测定组、血乳酸测定组和肝糖原测定组;每个大组又随机将小鼠分成5个小组（n=10）：低、中、高剂量红景天组、空白（H,O）对照组和糖（13．3％葡萄糖溶液）对照组。比较各组小鼠体重、力竭性游泳时间、血清尿素、血乳酸浓度及肝糖原水平的变化。结果：红景天各剂量组与空白对照组、糖对照组相比,负重游泳时间均明显延长（P〈0．05）;高、中、低各红景天剂量组均可使运动后小鼠的血尿素含量显著降低（P〈0．05）;中、高红景天剂量组与2个对照组相比,均明显提高了小鼠肝脏内肝糖原的含量;10min游泳后,各组小鼠体内的血乳酸值都有了相应程度的提升,各剂量红景天组血乳酸值与2个对照组差异均具有显著性（P〈0．05）。20rain休息后各测量组小鼠体内的血乳酸值都有不同程度的下降。结论：红景天具有延缓疲劳发生和促进疲劳恢复的作用。     

海蛇乙醇浸出物对小鼠抗疲劳作用的实验研究

目的　以小鼠为实验对象 ,研究海蛇乙醇浸出物 ( AEBFSS)的抗疲劳作用。　方法　每天灌胃给予小鼠 1次海蛇乙醇浸出物 ( AEBFSS) ,2 8天后测定小鼠的运动耐力 ,30天后测定小鼠的血清乳酸脱氢酶活力和肌糖原及肝糖原的含量。　结果　当海蛇乙醇浸出物 ( AEBFSS)灌胃剂量达到浸出蛋白5.0 mg/kg,与正常对照组比较 ,实验组的运动耐力和血清乳酸脱氢酶活力显著增强 ( P <0 .0 1) ,肌糖原和肝糖原的贮备量大大增加 ( P <0 .0 1)。　结论　海蛇乙醇浸出物 ( AEBFSS)具有明显增强小鼠运动耐力和延缓疲劳的作用     

人参蚂蚁药酒对小鼠的抗疲劳作用

目的:研究人参蚂蚁药酒对小鼠的抗疲劳作用.方法:将150只雄性昆明种小鼠按体重随机分为5组,分别灌胃不同剂量的人参蚂蚁药酒及红景天溶液(阳性对照组),同样体积蒸馏水(阴性对照组),14 d后称量小鼠体重,分别检测小鼠力竭游泳时间,运动后血清尿素氮、全血乳酸以及肝、肌糖原含量.结果:灌胃15 d后人参蚂蚁药酒对小鼠的体重...     

芒果苷对四氧嘧啶糖尿病小鼠的降糖作用研究

本研究以二甲双胍为阳性对照,观察芒果苷(12.5、25.0、50.0 mg/kg)灌胃给药4周,对四氧嘧啶性糖尿病小鼠糖脂代谢的影响。实验结果表明芒果苷(25.0、50.0 mg/kg)灌胃给药后显著降低糖尿病小鼠的血糖、血清甘油三酯和总胆固醇水平,增加小鼠肌、肝糖原含量,但对糖尿病小鼠血清胰岛素水平没有影响;组织病理学检查结果表明芒果苷对糖尿病小鼠胰岛和β细胞的数量无明显改善,提示芒果苷灌胃给药对四氧嘧啶性糖尿病小鼠有降血糖作用,其降糖作用可能与促进肌、肝糖原的合成,增加机体对葡萄糖的利用有关,对糖尿病小鼠的脂代谢紊乱也有一定改善作用。     

黄芪多糖抗小鼠疲劳的作用机制研究

目的:探讨黄芪多糖对小鼠的抗疲劳作用及机制。方法:该研究分为实验组和对照组两组,实验组设置三组剂量0.2,0.05,0.0125 g/kg对小鼠连续灌胃28天,对照组给予蒸馏水灌胃,进行负重游泳试验计算游泳力竭时间,并检测小鼠全血中血糖,血中乳酸含量,肝脏超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)含量及肌组织中糖原储备量。结果:1).与对照组相比较,黄芪多糖低剂量、高剂量组小鼠负重游泳时力竭时间明显延长;2).中剂量组小鼠运动后肝脏SOD活力值比对照组明显增高,高剂量组肌糖原的储存量明显升高,而低剂量组乳酸明显降低。结论:黄芪多糖具有抗疲劳作用,可能通过增加抗氧化酶类SOD活性、减少乳酸的产生及增加肌糖原能量储存等途径起作用。     

黄芪对缺氧小鼠抗运动疲劳作用的效果研究

目的:黄芪是一种传统的提高身体各项机能的中药,本研究旨在探讨黄芪在高原缺氧环境下对运动小鼠疲劳缓解的效果.方法:雄性昆明种小鼠,随机分为对照组和黄芪高、中、低3个剂量组(30.0,3.0,1.0 g/kg),平原对照组在平原环境下饲养,缺氧小鼠在模拟5000m高原环境中饲养,每天灌胃给药,10d后在缺氧环境下进行游泳力竭实验,观察小鼠游泳力竭时间,同时检测血乳酸、血糖、肝糖原以及血清SOD活性和肝脏MDA等指标的变化.结果:与空白对照组比较,黄芪各剂量组可明显提高缺氧小鼠力竭游泳时间(P＜0.05),减少血乳酸曲线下面积(P＜0.05);黄芪高、中剂量组肝糖原显著增加(P＜0.05),力竭游泳后血糖明显升高(P＜0.05),SOD活性升高(P＜0.05),MDA降低(P＜0.05).结论:黄芪可显著缓解高原低氧小鼠的运动疲劳,具有明显的抗高原疲劳效果,具有进一步研究的价值.     

低聚异麦芽糖对模拟失重大鼠肠道益生菌以及钙代谢和骨矿盐密度影响的初步研究

目的：研究低聚异麦芽糖对模拟失重大鼠肠道益生菌的影响以及与骨钙代谢变化的关系。方法：30只雄性SD大鼠随机分为3组（每组10只）FC组;普通对照组（饲喂普通饲料）;SC组,模拟失重对照组（饲喂普通饲料）;SS组,模拟失重低聚异麦芽糖组（饲喂普通饲料 低聚异麦芽糖）,实验期21d。结果：SC组大鼠肠道益生菌（主要是双歧杆菌和乳杆菌）数量、饲料钙的表观吸收率、股骨骨密度（BMD）,骨钙含量以及骨钙素（BGP）的水平显著低于FC组,而血钙水平明显高于FC组;SS组大鼠肠道益生菌数量,饲料钙的表观吸收率,骨密度,骨钙含量以及骨钙素水平较SC组高,血钙水平显著低于SC组。结论：低聚异麦芽糖可以促进模拟失重大鼠肠道益生菌的增殖,减少股骨骨质的丢失,提高股骨BMD,增加骨形成,对骨代谢产生一定的有益影响。     

大豆卵磷脂对小鼠的抗疲劳和抗氧化作用研究

目的:研究大豆卵磷脂的抗疲劳及抗氧化作用。方法:小鼠经口给予大豆卵磷脂30天后,采用负重游泳实验,观察记录小鼠游泳死亡时间;检测血清尿素氮、肝糖原;测定血清和肝匀浆超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活力、丙二醛(MDA)含量。结果:给予大豆卵磷脂后,与对照组相比,实验组小鼠负重游泳时间明显延长,肝糖原消耗量减少,降低运动后血清尿素氮水平(P<0.05);升高小鼠血清和肝匀浆SOD活性及GSH-Px活力,降低MDA的含量(P<0.05)。结论:大豆卵磷脂具有抗疲劳和抗氧化作用。     

Green tea extract improves running endurance in mice by stimulating lipid utilization during exercise

A series of polyphenols known as catechins are abundant in green tea, which is consumed mainly in Asian countries. The effects of catechin-rich green tea extract (GTE) on running endurance and energy metabolism during exercise in BALB/c mice were investigated. Mice were divided into four groups: nonexercise control, exercise control (Ex-cont), exercise+0.2% GTE, and exercise+0.5% GTE groups. Treadmill running time to exhaustion, plasma biochemical parameters, skeletal muscle glycogen content, beta-oxidation activity, and malonyl-CoA content immediately after exercise were measured at 8-10 wk after the initiation of the experiment. Oxygen consumption and respiratory exchange ratio were measured using indirect calorimetry. Running times to exhaustion in mice fed 0.5% GTE were 30% higher than in Ex-cont mice and were accompanied by a lower respiratory exchange ratio, higher muscle beta-oxidation activity, and lower malonyl-CoA content. In addition, muscle glycogen content was high in the GTE group compared with the Ex-cont group. Plasma lactate concentrations in mice fed GTE were significantly lower after exercise, concomitant with an increase in free fatty acid concentrations. Catechins, which are the main constituents of GTE, did not show significant effects on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha or delta-dependent luciferase activities. These results suggest that the endurance-improving effects of GTE were mediated, at least partly, by increased metabolic capacity and utilization of fatty acid as a source of energy in skeletal muscle during exercise.     

Increased liver glycogen levels enhance exercise capacity in mice

Muscle glycogen depletion has been proposed as one of the main causes of fatigue during exercise. However, few studies have addressed the contribution of liver glycogen to exercise performance. Using a low-intensity running protocol, here, we analyzed exercise capacity in mice overexpressing protein targeting to glycogen (PTG) specifically in the liver (PTG^OE mice), which show a high concentration of glycogen in this organ. PTG^OE mice showed improved exercise capacity, as determined by the distance covered and time ran in an extenuating endurance exercise, compared with control mice. Moreover, fasting decreased exercise capacity in control mice but not in PTG^OE mice. After exercise, liver glycogen stores were totally depleted in control mice, but PTG^OE mice maintained significant glycogen levels even in fasting conditions. In addition, PTG^OE mice displayed an increased hepatic energy state after exercise compared with control mice. Exercise caused a reduction in the blood glucose concentration in control mice that was less pronounced in PTG^OE mice. No changes were found in the levels of blood lactate, plasma free fatty acids, or β-hydroxybutyrate. Plasma glucagon was elevated after exercise in control mice, but not in PTG^OE mice. Exercise-induced changes in skeletal muscle were similar in both genotypes. These results identify hepatic glycogen as a key regulator of endurance capacity in mice, an effect that may be exerted through the maintenance of blood glucose levels.     

Effects of maternal exercise on liver and skeletal muscle glycogen storage in pregnant rats.

To examine the effects of maternal exercise on liver and skeletal muscle glycogen storage, female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control, nonpregnant runner, pregnant nonrunning control, pregnant runner, and prepregnant exercised control groups. The exercise consisted of treadmill running at 30 m/min on a 10 degree incline for 60 min, 5 days/wk. Pregnancy alone, on day 20 of gestation, decreased maternal liver glycogen content and increased red and white gastrocnemius muscle glycogen storage above control values (P less than 0.05). In contrast, exercise in nonpregnant animals augmented liver glycogen storage and also increased red and white gastrocnemius glycogen content (P less than 0.05). By combining exercise and pregnancy, the decrease in liver glycogen storage in the pregnant nonexercised condition was prevented in the pregnant runner group and more glycogen was stored in both the red and white portions of the gastrocnemius than all other groups (P less than 0.05). Fetal body weight was greatest (P less than 0.05) in the pregnant runner group and lowest (P less than 0.05) in the prepregnant exercise control group. These results demonstrate that chronic maternal exercise may change maternal glycogen storage patterns in the liver and skeletal muscle with some alteration in fetal outcome.     

有氧运动联合黑果枸杞对高脂膳食大鼠心肌脂代谢某些指标的影响

目的:研究有氧运动联合黑果枸杞对高脂膳食大鼠心肌脂代谢某些指标的影响。方法:55只雄性Wistar大鼠经过适应性饲养4 d后进行20 min/d的无负重游泳训练,连续3 d,筛选淘汰5只不适应游泳训练的大鼠后,按体重以数字随机分组法分为5组:普通膳食+安静组(RDC组)、高脂膳食+安静组(HDC组)、高脂膳食+黑果枸杞+安静组(HDLC组)、高脂膳食+有氧运动组(HDM组)、高脂膳食+黑果枸杞+有氧运动组(HDLM),每组10只。HDM组和HDLM组进行6周每周6次60 min/d的无负重游泳训练。RDC组大鼠以普通饲料常规喂养;其余各组以高脂饲料喂养; HDLC组和HDLM组大鼠灌胃黑果枸杞,灌胃剂量为4.48 g/(kg·d),灌胃体积为5 ml/kg,其余各组灌胃等量蒸馏水。6周后,测定大鼠Lee’s指数,取血、心肌检测相关生化指标。结果:与RDC组比较,HDC组Lee’s指数,血清FFA、TNF-α、IL-6、TC、TG、LDL-C,心肌FFA、ICAM-1显著升高(P<0.01);血清HDL-C水平显著降低(P<0.01)。与HDC组比较,HDLC、HDM、HDL...     

Energy sources mobilization during muscular exercise in pregnant rats

The experiments were carried out on three groups of female Wistar rats: nonpregnant rats (NP), rats pregnant for 10 days (P-10) and rats pregnant for 19 days (P-19). The rats were exercised on a treadmill set at 10 degrees incline at a running speed of 1200 m/h. Measurements were made at rest, after 30 min exercise, and after exercise till exhaustion. It was shown that in P-10 group the ability for the exhaustive exercise and metabolism of energy substrates during exercise were similar to those in NP group. The ability for exhaustive exercise of P-19 rats was reduced by 54.6% vs. NP rats. During exercise in P-19 group mobilization of glycogen in skeletal muscles was accelerated, mobilization of liver glycogen was impaired and hypoglycemia developed earlier than in NP group. Plasma FFA level in P-19 group reached a peak already after 30 min of exercise. Plasma triglyceride level was reduced during exercise in NP and P-10 groups but not in P-19 group. The level of triglycerides in skeletal muscle of each group was reduced during exercise but in P-19 group it returned to the resting level after the exhaustive exercise.     

Regulation of glycogen metabolism in rat respiratory muscles during exercise

The effect of prolonged exercise on the glycogen level in the respiratory muscles (diaphragm--D, external intercostal--IE and internal--II) has been studied in four groups of rats: 1-control, 2-fasted for 24 h, 3-treated with nicotinic acid and 4-treated with propranolol. There was a sharp reduction in glycogen level in each muscle after 30 min exercise in the control and fasted groups. Exercise till exhaustion further lowered the glycogen level in D in the control group and in IE and II in the fasted group. In the fasted group, the level of glycogen in each muscle, at rest, and after 30 min exercise, and in IE and II muscles after exercise till exhaustion was lower than in the control group. Nicotinic acid did not affect the glycogen level either at rest or during exercise as compared with the control group. Propranolol increased the glycogen level in the muscles at rest and during 30 min exercise. It partially prevented glycogen mobilization in D and IE and fully in II during exercise till exhaustion. In the control group, 24 and 48 h after exercise till exhaustion, the level of glycogen in each muscle exceeded the resting control value. It is concluded that exercise-induced glycogen metabolism in the respiratory muscles differs in some respects from that in the limb or heart muscles.