The 100 Top-Cited Scientific Papers Focused on the Topic of Bacteriocins

Bacteriocins are antimicrobial compounds with targeted activities that are produced by a variety of bacterial species. Different aspects of bacteriocins were intensively studied and highlighted in previous research publications. Developments in this field are best demonstrated through analysis of the most cited scientific literature concerning bacteriocins. The objective of this report was to identify and establish main characteristics of the 100 top-cited papers presenting research on bacteriocins. Publications regarding bacteriocins between 1970 and 12th May 2017 were retrieved from the Web of Knowledge database of the Institute of Scientific Information. From this list, the top-cited 100 papers in the field of bacteriocins were established. The top-cited papers in this field were published from 1991 to 2013 and, as of this date, they have received from 85 to 1097 citations. The average citation rate of the 100 top-cited papers was 166.23 times (SD 136.87). The most common fields of study were microbiology (45%), biochemistry and molecular biology (35%), and biotechnology and applied microbiology (26%). Among the top-cited papers, 24 and 17 papers originated from the United States and Germany, respectively. Among these top-cited papers close to 80% concerned mainly bacteriocins from Gram-positive bacteria, whereas, only nine of the top-cited papers described bacteriocins of Gram-negative bacteria.

     

基于CNKI数据库的肠道菌群与中医药文献计量学研究

目的 通过分析目前我国已发表的肠道菌群与中医药相关文献报道及其发展趋势,为科研工作者提供参考。方法 研究资料来源于CNKI数据库,应用文献计量学的方法对该数据库中所收录的肠道菌群与中医药的文献进行分析研究。结果 截止到2016年12月31日,总共检索到相关文献786篇。文献发表的数量在2003年以后增长速度显著提高;发表文献在10篇以上的单位共有15所,其中最多的单位发表42篇;25.70%的文献受到各级科研提供的资金支持和帮助。文献中以实验研究报告的类型为主,是总体文献数量的37.79%。文献被引用频次总体偏低,被引用次数在2次及以下的占60.43%。结论 肠道菌群与中医药的科研工作还存在需要改进和完善的地方,并且应该在提高文献数量的同时,努力加强文献的质量。     

Inflated impact factors? The true impact of evolutionary papers in non-evolutionary journals

Amongst the numerous problems associated with the use of impact factors as a measure of quality are the systematic differences in impact factors that exist among scientific fields. While in theory this can be circumvented by limiting comparisons to journals within the same field, for a diverse and multidisciplinary field like evolutionary biology, in which the majority of papers are published in journals that publish both evolutionary and non-evolutionary papers, this is impossible. However, a journal's overall impact factor may well be a poor predictor for the impact of its evolutionary papers. The extremely high impact factors of some multidisciplinary journals, for example, are by many believed to be driven mostly by publications from other fields. Despite plenty of speculation, however, we know as yet very little about the true impact of evolutionary papers in journals not specifically classified as evolutionary. Here I present, for a wide range of journals, an analysis of the number of evolutionary papers they publish and their average impact. I show that there are large differences in impact among evolutionary and non-evolutionary papers within journals; while the impact of evolutionary papers published in multidisciplinary journals is substantially overestimated by their overall impact factor, the impact of evolutionary papers in many of the more specialized, non-evolutionary journals is significantly underestimated. This suggests that, for evolutionary biologists, publishing in high-impact multidisciplinary journals should not receive as much weight as it does now, while evolutionary papers in more narrowly defined journals are currently undervalued. Importantly, however, their ranking remains largely unaffected. While journal impact factors may thus indeed provide a meaningful qualitative measure of impact, a fair quantitative comparison requires a more sophisticated journal classification system, together with multiple field-specific impact statistics per journal.     

Mammalian feeding and primate evolution: An overview

Most of the papers included in this volume are derived from presentations in a symposium on Mammalian Feeding at the 65th Annual Meetings of the American Association of Physical Anthropologists in North Carolina in 1996. The aims of this symposium were to gather together the preeminent researchers on mammalian mastication and document the state of research in that field. The symposium emphasized in vivo studies of mammalian feeding because of a paucity of recent reviews of this field, but included morphometric and modeling papers as well. Subsequently the papers were revised, and were submitted in spring 1998 for publication, pending the outcome of peer review. Copyright 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Is There a Relationship between Research Sponsorship and Publication Impact? An Analysis of Funding Acknowledgments in Nanotechnology Papers

This study analyzes funding acknowledgments in scientific papers to investigate relationships between research sponsorship and publication impacts. We identify acknowledgments to research sponsors for nanotechnology papers published in the Web of Science during a one-year sample period. We examine the citations accrued by these papers and the journal impact factors of their publication titles. The results show that publications from grant sponsored research exhibit higher impacts in terms of both journal ranking and citation counts than research that is not grant sponsored. We discuss the method and models used, and the insights provided by this approach as well as it limitations.     

生物多样性数据论文发表趋势分析

近年来有关科学数据共享的呼声越来越高, 基于同行评审的生物多样性数据论文也受到越来越多的关注, 并出现了一些专门发表数据论文的数据期刊。本文总结了近年来生物多样性数据发表方面的进展, 选择两本代表性数据期刊(Biodiversity Data Journal和Scientific Data), 分析了它们自创刊以来的发文数量、涉及生物类群、文章浏览量和被引次数等指标。结果显示两本数据期刊的发文量都呈稳步增长趋势, 其生物多样性数据论文覆盖了包括动物界、植物界、真菌界在内的众多生物类群, 文章浏览量和被引次数方面也有可喜的表现, 说明数据论文正在被越来越多的研究者所接受。对文章作者国别的分析则显示了不同地区的研究者在发表生物多样性数据论文或数据共享方面的不均衡。建议相关领域的中国研究者和期刊关注生物多样性数据论文和数据共享政策, 更多地践行数据共享。     

Adsorption and selection of rhizobia with ion-exchange papers

Ion exchange papers were used to study the adsorption of 32P-labelled rhizobia on defined surfaces. Two strains of Rhizobium japonicum and one each of R. leguminosarum and R. lupini were compared with Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis. The ratio of adsorption to strong and to weak acid papers/strong and weak basic papers was consistantly higher for all rhizobial strains compared to the other bacteria. The process of desorption by increasing the ion-concentration causes about 35% desorption between 0.02 and 0.1 M MgCl2, however, an increase to 1 M does not desorb more labelled Rhizobium japonicum or E. coli cells. The ratio of adsorbed cpm to colony formers, desorbed by 0.1 M NaCl was similar with Rhizobium japonicum for all six ion exchange papers. For E. coli this ratio varied widely for the different papers. The selection of Rhizobium against a more closely related bacterium by this adsorption/desorption procedure was demonstrated with mixed cultures of Rhizobium japonicum and Chromobacterium violaceum giving a more than 80 fold enrichment of the former. Rhizobium japonicum cells, ad/desorbed from all ion exchange papers kept their infectivity and formed nodules on Glycine max with an activity of 20-40 nM C2H4-hr(-1)-mg nodule(-1). A desorption of Rhizobium japonicum from soybean roots also occurred by increasing the ion concentration. 2-3 times as many cells were removed in this way compared to washing with water.     

从文献计量角度分析中国生物多样性研究现状

以汤森路透科技集团的WEB OF KNOWLEDGE信息平台提供的Science Citation Index Expanded数据库为数据源,检索到从1997年至2009年期间国际生物多样性研究论文文献219773篇,其中11182篇来自于中国学者。利用NoteExpress软件,对这13a间生物多样性研究论文发表的国家分布、年度分布、研究机构、引用情况、期刊分布和学科分类等做的分析与比较表明:1)全球生物多样性研究的论文数量一直呈增长趋势,中国13年间每年发文量占当年全球生物多样性论文总量的百分率逐年增加;2)从论文总被引频次、篇均引用次数和h-index三项论文影响力特征参数分析,中国与国际其他国家相比有一定差距;3)从学科分类来看,与国际相比,中国在生物多样性保护领域、进化生物学和海洋与淡水生物学领域研究略显不足,昆虫学和真菌学研究领域活跃。     

中国森林生物多样性监测网络(CForBio)的研究态势与热点: 基于文献计量分析

中国森林生物多样性监测网络(CForBio)作为我国生物多样性科学综合研究平台, 其发展过程和研究成果对促进我国生物多样性研究具有重要意义, 掌握其研究态势与热点变化可为CForBio的长远发展以及其他生态监测研究提供参考。本文对2007-2017年间CNKI数据库和Web of Science核心合集数据库中CForBio发表的论文进行了较为全面的文献计量分析。结果表明: 2007年以来, CForBio发表论文的数量整体上呈快速上升趋势, 从2007年的3篇增长到2017年的55篇, 其中SCI收录论文的增长较为明显(从2007年的1篇增长到2017年的34篇)。金光泽(70篇)、马克平(68篇)、郝占庆(68篇)等学者发表论文数量较多, 中国科学院的植物研究所(104篇)、沈阳应用生态研究所(67篇)、华南植物园(59篇)等是CForBio中相对活跃的研究机构, 但各样地负责机构和学者间的合作仍较少, 跨机构间的协同研究还有待提高。CForBio的研究热点主要体现在树木空间分布格局、植物功能性状、树木密度制约、群落系统发育等方面, 为揭示我国不同气候带森林群落构建机制提供了大量的理论依据。未来CForBio的研究应加强国内外机构间的合作创新并建立数据共享途径, 注重近地面遥感、多源数据融合等新技术的应用, 在生物多样性格局的多尺度与多维度解析、植物-土壤反馈机制、树木冠层和根系的结构与功能等方向持续开展深入研究。     

RFLP approach to breeding for quantitative traits in plants—a critique

A number of recent papers suggest that use of RFLPs as markers offers a clear advantage in breeding for improvement in quantitative traits (QTs). The concepts underlying establishment of linkage between RFLP markers and QT loci stem from three papers on tomato published during 1987–1991. Essentially, continuously varying QT phenotypes are assigned to RFLP genotype classes, which can be considered to be determined by a single, diallelic gene with codominant alleles. Linkage is inferred through statistical analysis. Similarly, interaction between markers and QT is also tested by an analysis of variance. Here, the statistical methods employed in these three papers to detect linkage are critically evaluated, especially because subsequent investigations take the concepts developed in these papers as proven. In this paper, we examine the three fundamental papersde novo. We scrutinize the methods employed and the inferences drawn to bring to light what we believe are conceptual drawbacks.     

Introduction. Speciation in plants and animals: pattern and process

Although approximately 150 years have passed since the publication of On the origin of species by means of natural selection, the definition of what species are and the ways in which species originate remain contentious issues in evolutionary biology. The biological species concept, which defines species as groups of interbreeding natural populations that are reproductively isolated from other such groups, continues to draw support. However, there is a growing realization that many animal and plant species can hybridize with their close relatives and exchange genes without losing their identity. On occasion, such hybridization can lead to the origin of new species. A key to understanding what species are and the ways in which they originate rests to a large extent on a detailed knowledge of the nature and genetics of factors that limit gene flow between species and the conditions under which such isolation originates. The collection of papers in this issue addresses these topics and deals as well with some specific issues of hybrid speciation and the causes of species radiations. The papers included arise from a 1-day symposium on speciation held during the Sixth Biennial Meeting of the Systematics Association at Edinburgh in August 2007. In this introduction, we provide some background to these papers and highlight some key points made. The papers make clear that highly significant advances to our understanding of animal and plant speciation are currently being made across the range of this topic.     

Online coverage of the literature on thermal physiology

Online searches for research topics in thermal physiology usually do not retrieve more than 40% of the existing publications. In order to determine whether this low retrieval rate is due to deficient coverage of the literature or to problems in storage and retrieval of information, a list of 25 major papers, 25 minor papers and 15 obscure papers on thermal physiology was compiled. The 65 documents were searched online in the MEDLINE database. Retrieval rate was more than 60% for obscure papers, 80% for minor papers, and 90% for major papers. It is concluded that MEDLINE has an appropriate coverage of the literature on thermal physiology and that the low retrieval rate in online searches is due mostly to problems in information processing.     

Textpresso site‐specific recombinases: A text‐mining server for the recombinase literature including Cre mice and conditional alleles

Textpresso Site Specific Recombinases ( http://ssrc.genetics.uga.edu/ ) is a text‐mining web server for searching a database of more than 9,000 full‐text publications. The papers and abstracts in this database represent a wide range of topics related to site‐specific recombinase (SSR) research tools. Included in the database are most of the papers that report the characterization or use of mouse strains that express Cre recombinase as well as papers that describe or analyze mouse lines that carry conditional (floxed) alleles or SSR‐activated transgenes/knockins. The database also includes reports describing SSR‐based cloning methods such as the Gateway or the Creator systems, papers reporting the development or use of SSR‐based tools in systems such as Drosophila, bacteria, parasites, stem cells, yeast, plants, zebrafish, and Xenopus as well as publications that describe the biochemistry, genetics, or molecular structure of the SSRs themselves. Textpresso Site Specific Recombinases is the only comprehensive text‐mining resource available for the literature describing the biology and technical applications of SSRs. genesis 47:842–846, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

Evaluating "payback" on biomedical research from papers cited in clinical guidelines: applied bibliometric study

ObjectivesTo develop a methodology for evaluating the impact of research on health care, and to characterise the papers cited on clinical guidelines.DesignThe bibliographic details of the papers cited in 15 clinical guidelines, developed in and for the United Kingdom, were collated and analysed with applied bibliometric techniques.ResultsThe median age of papers cited in clinical guidelines was eight years; most papers were published by authors living in either the United States (36%) or the United Kingdom (25%)—this is two and a half times more than expected as about 10% of all biomedical outputs are published in the United Kingdom; and clinical guidelines do not cite basic research papers.ConclusionAnalysis of the evidence base of clinical guidelines may be one way of tracking the flow of knowledge from the laboratory to the clinic. Moreover, such analysis provides a useful, clinically relevant method for evaluating research outcomes and different strategies in research and development.     

中国高寒草甸研究进展——基于文献计量分析

高寒草甸作为我国草原的重要组成部分,发挥着极其重要的气候调节和水源涵养等生态功能,是我国重要的战略资源储备要地和生态安全屏障。为了解高寒草甸的研究态势,本文从文献计量学的角度,基于36年间国内外发表的8505篇论文,分析了有关高寒草甸的论文发表数量、发文来源、被引频次、主要作者、研究机构和研究热点等。结果表明：（1）1999年后关于高寒草甸的论文数量增长较快,年均发表355.09篇,且英文论文的增幅最大,但发文的质量还有待进一步提高;（2）李英年,周华坤,杜国祯、赵新全等人是高寒草甸研究的主要贡献人,中国科学院西北高原生物研究所、兰州大学、甘肃农业大学等单位在研究机构合作方面发挥了重要作用,但相关学者和研究机构间的合作较少,以同一单位或同一课题组的研究团队为主,与国内外不同单位、不同团队间的交流合作较少;（3）研究的热点主要聚焦于高寒草甸植被群落特征及其构建机制、高寒草甸植被退化机理与管理利用、高寒草甸植被-土壤-微生物对气候变化的响应等聚类方面。今后应重视原创性、突破性的论文,提升和扩大高寒草甸方面研究成果的国际影响力,同时,应加强不同研究机构、不同学科交叉、理论创新-实际应用等方面的多元合作,从而为高寒草甸的研究注入新生力量。期望本文能为拓展高寒草甸研究的广度与深度提供借鉴。     

Risk assessment for inherited susceptibility to cancer: a review of the psychosocial and ethical dimensions

The objective of this study was to conduct a broad-based systematic review of social, ethical, and legal considerations associated with genetic cancer risk assessment technologies (CaRATs). This paper focuses on psychosocial and ethical issues. Search results were limited to papers published in English, French, or German from January, 1990, to May, 2003. A quality assessment tool was developed and applied to retrieved papers. Application of the quality assessment tool resulted in 77 of 247 qualitative and quantitative primary research papers being reviewed and synthesized. A broad range of issues were addressed and grouped into content areas. Despite a large literature addressing psychosocial and ethical issues associated with CaRATs, many existing studies are not adequate to inform decision-makers and stakeholders. Careful policy analysis, as in some of the economic analyses reviewed here, is important to bridge this gap.     

A conceptual muddle: an empirical analysis of the use of 'sex' and 'gender' in 'gender-specific medicine' journals

BACKGROUND: At the same time as there is increasing awareness in medicine of the risks of exaggerating differences between men and women, there is a growing professional movement of 'gender-specific medicine' which is directed towards analysing 'sex' and 'gender' differences. The aim of this article is to empirically explore how the concepts of 'sex' and 'gender' are used in the new field of 'gender-specific medicine', as reflected in two medical journals which are foundational to this relatively new field. METHOD AND PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: The data consist of all articles from the first issue of each journal in 2004 and an issue published three years later (n = 43). In addition, all editorials over this period were included (n = 61). Quantitative and qualitative content analyses were undertaken by the authors. Less than half of the 104 papers used the concepts of 'sex' and 'gender'. Less than 1 in 10 papers attempted any definition of the concepts. Overall, the given definitions were simple, unspecific and created dualisms between men and women. Almost all papers which used the two concepts did so interchangeably, with any possible interplay between 'sex' and gender' referred to only in six of the papers. CONCLUSION: The use of the concepts of 'sex' and gender' in 'gender-specific medicine' is conceptually muddled. The simple, dualistic and individualised use of these concepts increases the risk of essentialism and reductivist thinking. It therefore highlights the need to clarify the use of the terms 'sex' and 'gender' in medical research and to develop more effective ways of conceptualising the interplay between 'sex' and 'gender' in relation to different diseases.     

Issues in clinical ethics consultation: an introduction

Any area that surges ahead as rapidly as this one [clinical ethics] has over the last five years is virtually certain to find that there are many problems which will need to be addressed. There will also be a need for persons working in this field (or studying it) to take some time to reflect on where it is going, as well as to examine some of the possible pitfalls -- both the obvious and the not so obvious -- which lie ahead. The series of papers in this issue of Theoretical Medicine have been written by a group of ethicists who have had a longstanding interest in the field of clinical ethics, and most of whom have spent many years working in the area. While all of the papers focus on the field of clinical ethics, they are very diverse in the topics covered. Some may be viewed as controversial by readers....     

The continuing lack of ornithological research capacity in almost all of West Africa

West Africa has high bird diversity and is a crucial non-breeding area for over one-third of European breeding species, yet local capacity for ornithological research and so targeted bird conservation is perceived to be limited. I reviewed all the published literature on the Web of Science^? classified as ‘ornithology’ with an accompanying keyword of a country’s name, over the last three decades, from the 16 countries within West Africa and compared it with that from 16 Western European countries. Inclusion of the country’s name as a search term identified any papers produced by local authors, and so should provide an index of local ornithological capacity. Overall only 129 papers were produced from 1987 to 2016 with West African authors (range: zero Burkina Faso to 45 Nigeria), significantly fewer compared with 12 380 with European authors (range: 71 Greece to 2 745 England). The number of papers produced increased significantly at similar rates over the three-decade period in both continents. The number of papers produced by local authors in West Africa and Europe approximately doubled each decade, but variation between countries was large, particularly in West Africa. The results are broadly the same when paper output is adjusted for the population of each country. Of the three West African countries that showed a consistent increase in numbers of locally authored ornithological papers, only Nigeria showed a highly significant increase and this increase was down to a single ornithological research institute established there in 2002. The results confirm that there is little local ornithological capacity in West Africa and this is not changing except in Nigeria, where even a single new research institute can make a significant difference because of the very low baseline.