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1.
石斛属(Dendrobium)是兰科植物中的第二大属,很多石斛属植物是传统的名贵药用植物,具有良好的抗肿瘤作用。近年来石斛属植物抗肿瘤研究取得了显著进展,该文对石斛属植物的抗肿瘤主要活性成分、提取方法以及抗肿瘤机制等方面进行了归纳。石斛属植物抗肿瘤主要活性成分有多糖、生物碱、菲类、联苄类、芴酮类化合物等,抗肿瘤作用机制主要有增强机体免疫力、抑制癌细胞增殖、促进癌细胞凋亡、调控或阻滞癌细胞周期、抗氧化和清除自由基、改变信号通路传导等。在此基础上,进一步提出加强对石斛属植物抗癌方面的深入研究,挖掘更多的石斛属药用资源及其特征成分,深入解析它们的抗肿瘤作用机制,建立全面的评价体系,为开发石斛属植物抗癌药物提供理论基础,为合理、有效地利用石斛属资源提供科学依据。 相似文献
2.
The accumulation of polysaccharides, activities of sucrose metabolism enzymes, and the expression of sucrose biosynthetic genes in Dendrobium officinale were significantly affected by exogenous methyl jasmonate (MeJA). Application of MeJA increased the content of polysaccharides and the highest polysaccharide production occurred in the samples treated with 200 μM MeJa. The MeJA application influenced polysaccharide biosynthesis rather than degradation because the activities of sucrose metabolism enzymes and the expressions of sucrose biosynthetic genes were upregulated by MeJA. Interestingly, low MeJA concentrations promoted accumulation of Dendrobium polysaccharides, while high MeJA amounts played an inhibitory role. The content of major constituent of polysaccharides, glucose and mannose, also increased after MeJa treatment. 相似文献
3.
Chunlin Ke Deliang Qiao Dan Gan Yi Sun Hong Ye Xiaoxiong Zeng 《Carbohydrate polymers》2009,75(4):677-682
Crude capsule polysaccharides (CCP) were prepared from the culture of Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus C55129 and were partially purified through an anion-exchange column chromatography to afford partially purified capsule polysaccharides (PCP). The main component of CCP and PCP was hyaluronic acid. In vitro antioxidant assay, the capsule polysaccharides showed strong inhibition of lipid peroxidation and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity and moderate 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryldydrazyl radical scavenging activity. In addition, CCP exhibited much stronger reductive power than PCP. For antioxidant testing in vivo, CCP and PCP were orally administrated over a period of 15 days in a d-galactose induced aged mice model. As results, administration of capsule polysaccharides inhibited significantly the formation of malondialdehyde in mice livers and serums and raised the activities of antioxidant enzymes and total antioxidant capacity in a dose-dependent manner. However, the antioxidant activity of CCP was lower than that of PCP. The results suggest that the capsule polysaccharides from Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus C55129 have direct and potent antioxidant activities. 相似文献
4.
Purification and Biological Activities of Enzymatically Degraded Sargassum fusiforme Polysaccharides
Hui Jiang Si-Qi Yang Vara Prasad Chakka Wen-Wen Qian Xiao-Yi Wei Qing Zhu Tao Zhou 《化学与生物多样性》2021,18(3):e2000930
Enzymatic hydrolysate of the crude polysaccharide (SFP) extracted from Sargassum fusiforme was purified by column DEAE-52 and Sephadex G-100 to yield four components, namely, ESFP1, ESFP2, ESFP3 and ESFP4. These components were characterized by chemical composition assay, GC/MS, HPGPC, UV and FT-IR techniques. The in vitro antioxidant activities of the four purified fractions were investigated by measuring their radical scavenging activity and reducing power. The results suggested that all the four components possess good antioxidant activities. Among them, ESFP1 was found to possess the strongest 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical and hydroxyl radical-scavenging activity, and the greatest ferric reducing power. The immunomodulatory effect of these four polysaccharides was demonstrated by their ability to promote proliferation, and to enhance both phagocytic activity and NO release in a macrophage RAW264.7 model. The results revealed that the bioactivities of the polysaccharides are related to their molecular weight, and the uronic acid and sulfate contents. 相似文献
5.
This study presents the current knowledge on chemical composition, biological activity, and possible medicinal applications of Phellinus igniarius, Phellinus pini, Phellinus pomaceus, and Phellinus robustus. These inedible arboreal species are phytopathogens that cause the enzymatic decomposition of wood. These species belong to the medicinal mushrooms and have been known for centuries in the traditional medicine of the Far East. They have been used as an effective remedy for stomach and intestinal ailments, diarrhea, and hemorrhages. Mycochemical studies have proved the presence of polysaccharides, phenolic compounds, and terpenoids. These compounds show biological activities such as anticancer, antioxidant, antiangiogenic, and antiviral. Research studies conducted using modern analytical methods have advanced the knowledge on the potential therapeutic use of compounds isolated not only from the fruiting bodies but also from biomass obtained with in vitro biotechnological methods. 相似文献
6.
兰科石斛属植物菌根真菌研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
石斛属(Dendrobium)隶属于兰科(Orchidaceae)树兰亚科(Epidendroideae)石斛兰族(Dendrobiinae),是兰科最大的属之一,终生附生于树上或岩石上。石斛属很多种类具有很高的药用价值与观赏价值。由于人为过度采挖和野生生境的破坏,使得野生石斛资源濒临灭绝。石斛属植物为典型的兰科菌根植物,在自然条件下需要与真菌共生,才能完成生活史。菌根真菌对于石斛属植物的种子萌发和植株生长具有重要的作用。对石斛属植物菌根的形成、菌根真菌的作用、菌根真菌多样性及菌根技术在石斛属植物中的应用做了评述,并对今后的研究内容和重点提出了一些思路。 相似文献
7.
Pueraria lobata polysaccharides (PLPs) were obtained by hot water extraction using Pueraria lobata as raw material. Structural analysis revealed that PLPs may have a repetitive backbone units of →4) -α-D-Glcp (1→4-α-D-Glcp (1→. Phosphorylated Pueraria lobata polysaccharides (P-PLPs), carboxymethylated Pueraria lobata polysaccharides (CM-PLPs) and acetylated Pueraria lobata polysaccharides (Ac-PLPs) were obtained by chemical modifications of PLPs, respectively. The physicochemical properties and antioxidant activities of these four Pueraria lobata polysaccharides were studied in comparison. In particular, the clearance rate of P-PLPs exceeded 80 %, and was expected to achieve the same effect as Vc. The results showed that the effects of different chemical modifications on the antioxidant activity of PLPs varied greatly. 相似文献
8.
Dongye He Xiaoyu Li Xuan Sai Lili Wang Shuying Li Yongping Xu 《Phytochemistry Reviews》2018,17(2):327-349
Camellia nitidissima C.W. Chi, honored as “the Queen of Camellia”, has attracted considerable attention as a rare and famous ornamental species characterized by yellow waxy petals. Its flowers and leaves have been used in Chinese folk herbal medicine to treat dysentery, hypertension, diarrhea, faucitis, hepatitis with jaundice, liver cirrhosis, sores, malignant tumors, and irregular menstruation. In recent years, a great number of phytochemical, pharmacological, and toxicity studies on C. nitidissima have been carried out, primarily in China. Phytochemical investigations have shown that the plant contains a rich source of bioactive constituents, including flavonoids, polysaccharides, saponins, volatile compounds, and other components such as mineral elements and amino acids. Both in vitro and in vivo pharmacological studies have demonstrated that C. nitidissima possesses anticancer, antioxidant, hypolipidemic, hypoglycemic, antiallergic, immunomodulatory, antibacterial, anxiolytic, and antidepressant properties. The present paper presents an up-to-date and comprehensive overview of the botany, processing, chemical constituents, pharmacological effects, and toxicity of C. nitidissima in order to provide scientific credence for this traditional medicine while exploring the potential of this plant for drug development. 相似文献
9.
The bioactive components of Ganoderma formosanum have not yet been characterized. We investigated the immunomodulatory activities of the extracellular polysaccharides produced
from a submerged mycelial culture of G. formosanum. The polysaccharides were mainly composed of d-mannose, d-galactose and d-glucose. After gel filtration chromatography, three polysaccharide fractions (PS-F1, PS-F2 and PS-F3) were purified. PS-F2
stimulated mouse RAW264.7 macrophages to produce TNF-α and nitric oxide, and enhanced the phagocytic activity of macrophages.
PS-F2 challenge in mice triggered an acute inflammatory response characterized by the recruitment of neutrophils and monocytes,
which protected mice from subsequent infection of Listeria monocytogenes. The results indicate that the heteropolysaccharides produced by G. formosanum can activate the innate immune response on macrophages. 相似文献
10.
Zhu Mengyong Wang Caijiao Gu Yong He Changsheng Teng Xiao Zhang Ping Lin Ning 《Carbohydrate polymers》2009,78(3):497-501
Morinda officinalis How (Rubiaceae) is widely used for medicinal purposes in China, Korea and Japan. Polysaccharides have also been determined and recently were shown to have protective effect against bone loss. A large number of polysaccharides present in the M. officinalis were successively extracted with hot water after preliminary treatments. The UV scan was used to analyse quality and purity of the polysaccharides from M. officinalis (MOP). Result indicated that had a better purity and quality and was free of proteins. HPLC showed that MOP mainly consisted of glucose (retention time, 8.691) and fructose (retention time, 9.245) with a molar ratio of 1.29:2.71. On the basis of analysis of chemical components, antioxidant activity of MOP was evaluated. The obtained results showed that MOP supplementation resulted in (a) increased antioxidant enzyme activities, and (b) decreased MDA level in rats. 相似文献
11.
A Taiwan isolate of Cymbidium mosaic virus (CymMV-CS) was isolated from infected Cymbidium sinesis Willd. The cDNA of the capsid protein (CP) gene was synthesized and sequenced. Alignment of this CP gene with other reported CPs revealed homologies of 92–98% at the nucleotide level and 98–99% at the amino acid level. To generate virus-resistant varieties, the CymMV-CS CP gene was transformed into Dendrobium protocorms through particle bombardment. Transformants were selected on medium supplemented with 20 mg/L hygromycin and the presence of the transgene was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction, Southern, Northern and Western blot analyses. Transgenic Dendrobium harboring the CymMV CP gene expressed a very low level of virus accumulation four months post-inoculation with CymMV, as detected by ELISA. The transgenic plants exhibited much milder symptoms than the non-transgenic plants upon challenge with CymMV virionsSequence data reported from this article have been deposited at the GenBank Data Libraries under Accession No. AY429021. 相似文献
12.
Endophytic fungi are rich in orchids and have great impacts on their host plants. 53 endophytes (30 isolates from Dendrobium devonianum and 23 endophytic fungi from D. thyrsiflorum) were isolated, respectively, from roots and stems of Dendrobium species. All the fungi were identified by way of morphological and/or molecular biological methods. 30 endophytic fungi in
D. devonianum were categorized into 11 taxa and 23 fungal endophytes in D. thyrsiflorum were grouped into 11 genera, respectively. Fusarium was the dominant species of the two Dendrobium species in common. Antimicrobial activity of ethanol extract of fermentation broth of these fungi was explored using agar
diffusion test. 10 endophytic fungi in D. devonianum and 11 in D. thyrsiflorum exhibited antimicrobial activity against at least one pathogenic bacterium or fungus among 6 pathogenic microbes (Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans, and Aspergillus fumigatus). Out of the fungal endophytes isolated from D. devonianum and D. thyrsiflorum, Phoma displayed strong inhibitory activity (inhibition zones in diameter >20 mm) against pathogens. Epicoccum nigrum from D. thyrsiflorum exhibited antibacterial activity even stronger than ampicillin sodium. Fusarium isolated from the two Dendrobium species was effective against the pathogenic bacterial as well as fungal pathogens. The study reinforced the assumption that
endophytic fungi isolated from different Dendrobium species could be of potential antibacterial or antifungal resource. 相似文献
13.
Wagner De Melo Ferreira Gilberto Barbante Kerbauy Ana Paula Pimentel Costa 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2006,42(6):568-571
Summary
Dendrobium hybrids have great economic importance in a number of countries. Asymbiotic seed germination and the conventional vegetative
method have been commonly used by growers to propagate these plants. To overcome somaclonal variation, which is commonly exhibited
by Dendrobium (Nobile group) when micropropagated from protocorm-like bodies, a protocol for propagating Dendrobium Second Love in vitro using axillary buds in the presence of thidiazuron was developed. Random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis was also carried
out to check for possible genetic alterations in plants originating from six consecutive subcultures. The results revealed
that the established protocol was efficient for the in vitro cloning of this orchid hybrid and the plants obtained from the six subcultures did not exhibit any type of polymorphism. 相似文献
14.
Veeraperumal Suresh Namasivayam Senthilkumar Ramar Thangam Mayan Rajkumar Chinnathambi Anbazhagan Ramasamy Rengasamy Palani Gunasekaran Soundarapandian Kannan Perumal Palani 《Process Biochemistry》2013,48(2):364-373
Sulfated polysaccharides (SPs) were identified in different portions of the thallus of Sargassum plagiophyllum C. Agardh, with TBO staining. SPs were extracted using a blade and purified by Q sepharose fast flow anion-exchange chromatography, resulting in SP fractions F1, F2 and F3, with molecular weights of 30, 35 and 20 kDa, respectively. An SP yield of 43.1% was obtained in F3, while F2 yielded a sulfate content of 21.9%. Furthermore, the in vitro anticancer and antioxidant activities of the polysaccharide fractions were evaluated. The F2 fraction showed higher anticancer activity against HepG2 and A549 cells than the other two fractions, with IC50 values of 600 μg/mL and 700 μg/mL, respectively. The normal breast epithelial cell line (HBL-100) exhibited IC50 concentrations of 1200 and 1400 μg/mL for crude sulfated polysaccharides (CSPs) and all SP fractions (F1–F3). These results indicated that the anticancer activity of F2 could be related to its sulfate content. However, the antioxidant activities of F1–F3 were low at their tested concentrations. 相似文献
15.
Identification of Inonotus obliquus and Analysis of Antioxidation and Antitumor Activities of Polysaccharides 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Inonotus obliquus, a wild wood-decay fungus which grows on Betula trees in cool climates, has a variety of biological activities that the scientific
community is paying more and more attention to. However, the research work is moving at a snail’s pace. The methods of strain
identification and the hypha microstructure have not been reported. We isolated one strain of filamentous molds from fruit
body which was collected from birch wood on Changbai Mountain, cultivated mycelia on an inclined plane, and examined its micromorphology
based on macroscopic examination. The strain was identified as I. obliquus by sequencing its ITS (internal transcribed spacer) domain. We subsequently investigated some of the mycelium polysaccharides’ biological activities. The strain used in this study as
the producers of antioxidation and anticancer polysaccharides was LNUF008. After fermentation in a 30-L fermenter, mycelia
were obtained. The polysaccharides were extracted by transonic recirculation and ethanol precipitation. In order to identify
the antioxidation effect, we designed an assay to test the inhibition of endogenous and Fe2+-Cys-induced lipid peroxidation as well as ferrous sulfate/ascorbate (Fe2+-VC)-induced mitochondrial swelling. The MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] method was used
to study the antiproliferation activity of the polysaccharides on SMMC7721 hepatoma cells. The results indicate that I. obliquus polysaccharides exhibit high antitumor and antioxidation effects. The submerged culture method of growing I. obliquus will enable large-scale production of the polysaccharides. 相似文献
16.
Priyanka Grover Aseem Bhatnagar Neeraj Kumari Ananth Narayan Bhatt Dhruv Kumar Nishad Jubilee Purkayastha 《Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences》2021,28(3):1853-1859
A pigment-protein highly dominant in Spirulina is known as C-Phycocyanin. Earlier, in vitro studies has shown that C-phycocyanin is having many biological activities like antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, antiplatelet, hepatoprotective, and cholesterol-lowering properties. Interestingly, there are scanty in vivo experimental findings on the immunomodulatory and antioxidant effects of C-phycocyanin. This work is aimed at in vivo evaluation of the effects of C-phycocyanin on immunomodulation and antioxidant potential in Balb/c mice. Our results of in vivo toxicity, immunomodulatory and antioxidant effects of C-Phycocyanin suggests that C-phycocyanin is very safe for consumption and having substantial antioxidant potential and also possess immunomodulatory activities in Balb/c mice in a dosage dependent manner. C-phycocyanin doesn’t cause acute and subacute toxicity in the animal model (male, Balb/c mice) studied. We have reported that C-phycocyanin exhibited in vivo immunomodulation performance in this animal model. 相似文献
17.
《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2013,77(7):1408-1414
The effect of sulfated modification on polysaccharides from Hypsizigus marmoreus was examined by determining their molecular structures and bioactivities. The sulfation, which was implemented by using an orthogonal array design, produced polysaccharides with varying degrees of substitution (DS) ranging from 0.11 to 1.06. The sulfated polysaccharides exhibited a lower average molecular weight (M w) and considerably higher radius of gyration (R g) than those of native polysaccharide, suggesting that the conformation of the sulfated polysaccharides had been changed towards a more extended type. The inhibitory activity toward cancer cell growth was enhanced by treating with the sulfated polysaccharides by up to 34%, as compared to the native polysaccharide. In addition, treating with the sulfated polysaccharides increased the nitric oxide (NO) and cytokine (IL-1β and TNF-α) release to levels comparable to those detected in the positive control, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), suggesting that the sulfated polysaccharides might have strong immunomodulatory activity. 相似文献
18.
Juan Chen Ke-Xing Hu Xiao-Qiang Hou Shun-Xing Guo 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2011,27(5):1009-1016
Dendrobium is the largest genus of tropical epiphytic orchid, some of which are traditional Chinese medicinal plants. The therapeutic
components varied significantly among species. Endophytic microbes (fungi) hidden in medicinal plants may play an important
effect on the overall quality of herb. Investigation of fungal composition in host plants is the first step toward elucidating
the relationship endophyte-therapeutic content of herbal medicine. In this study, 401 culturable fungal endophytes were isolated
and identified from 10 species of medicinal Dendrobium based on morphological and molecular techniques. The results showed that endophytic fungi from Dendrobium plants exhibited high biodiversity (37 genera, about 80 species). Acremonium, Alternaria, Ampelomyces, Bionectria, Cladosporium, Colletotrichum, Fusarium, Verticillium and Xylaria were the dominant fungal endophytes. Tropical epiphytic orchids appear to vary in degree of host specificity in their endophytic
fungi. 相似文献
19.
20.
Juan Chen Li-Chun Zhang Yong-Mei Xing Yun-Qiang Wang Xiao-Ke Xing Da-Wei Zhang Han-Qiao Liang Shun-Xing Guo 《PloS one》2013,8(3)
Dendrobium spp. are traditional Chinese medicinal plants, and the main effective ingredients (polysaccharides and alkaloids) have pharmacologic effects on gastritis infection, cancer, and anti-aging. Previously, we confirmed endophytic xylariaceous fungi as the dominant fungi in several Dendrobium species of tropical regions from China. In the present study, the diversity, taxonomy, and distribution of culturable endophytic xylariaceous fungi associated with seven medicinal species of Dendrobium (Orchidaceae) were investigated. Among the 961 endophytes newly isolated, 217 xylariaceous fungi (morphotaxa) were identified using morphological and molecular methods. The phylogenetic tree constructed using nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS), large subunit of ribosomal DNA (LSU), and beta-tubulin sequences divided these anamorphic xylariaceous isolates into at least 18 operational taxonomic units (OTUs). The diversity of the endophytic xylariaceous fungi in these seven Dendrobium species was estimated using Shannon and evenness indices, with the results indicating that the dominant Xylariaceae taxa in each Dendrobium species were greatly different, though common xylariaceous fungi were found in several Dendrobium species. These findings implied that different host plants in the same habitats exhibit a preference and selectivity for their fungal partners. Using culture-dependent approaches, these xylariaceous isolates may be important sources for the future screening of new natural products and drug discovery. 相似文献