太阳虫,钟虫和喇叭虫

太阳虫、钟虫和喇叭虫韩志泉（首都师范大学生物系北京１０００３７）自由生活的原生动物已描述的有２万多种,绝大多数属世界性分布。太阳虫、钟虫和喇叭虫就是其中的习见类群。太阳虫（Ａｃｔｉｎｏｐｈｒｙｓ）常见的有放射太阳虫（Ａ．ｓｏｌ）和多泡太阳虫（Ａ．Ｖｅ...     

中国真缓步纲三新种及六新纪录种记述(近爪目:大生熊虫科,高生熊虫科)

记述了大生熊虫科大生熊虫属Ｍａｃｒｏｂｉｏｔｕｓ一新种和三新纪录种,即神农大生熊虫,新种Ｍ．ｓｈｅｎｎｏｎｇｅｎｓｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．桃形大生熊虫Ｍ．ｐｅｒｓｉｍｕｌｉｓ Ｂｉｎｄａ ＆ Ｐｉｌａｔｏ,１９７２,卷形大生熊虫Ｍ．ｒｏｌｌｅｉ Ｈｅｉｎｉｓ,１９２１,陆栖大生熊虫Ｍ．ｔｅｒｒｉｃｏｌａ Ｍｉｈｅｌｃｉｃ,１９４９以及趾生熊虫属一新种,即水生趾生熊虫,即长白等高熊虫,Ｉｓ,ｃｈａｎｇｂ     

华南淡水鱼类单殖吸虫的研究──XVI．锚首虫属一新种（指环虫目：锚首虫科）

从广西荔蒲河所产的美丽小条鳅Ｍｉｃｒｏｎｏｅｍａｃｈｅｉｌｕｓｐｕｌｃｈｅｒ（ＮｉｃｈｏｌｓｅｔＰｏｐｅ）鳃上采得单殖吸虫一种,经鉴定为锚首虫属一新种──小脊锚首虫,Ａｎｃｙｒｏｃｅｐｈａｌｕｓｌｉｒｅｌｌａｔｕｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ。新种与Ａ．ｂｏｔｉａｅ．Ｍａｅｔａｌ．１９８１后吸器几了质结构相似,但雄性交接器,阴道结构显著不同。     

中国鳞虫兆属Tom ocerus四新种(弹尾目:鳞虫兆科)

本文记述了中国鳞虫兆属Ｔｏｍ ｏｃｅｒｕｓ４新种,即紫胸鳞虫兆Ｔｏｍ ｏｃｅｒｕｓ（Ｔｏｍ ｏｃｅｒｉｎａ） ｐｕｒ－ｐｕｒｉｔｈｏｒｕｓ, ｓｐ． ｎｏｖ．, （四川）; 白鳞虫兆Ｔｏｍｏｃｅｒｕｓ（Ｔｏｍ ｏｃｅｒｉｎａ） ｃａｌｃｅｕｓ, ｓｐ． ｎｏｖ．, （四川）;巨鳞虫兆Ｔｏｍｏｃｅｒｕｓ（ｓ．ｓｔｒ．）ｍ ａｘｉｍｕｓ,ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．（四川）;小鳞虫兆Ｔｏｍ ｏｃｅｒｕｓ（ｓ．ｓｔｒ．）ｅｍ ｅｉｃｕｓ, ｓｐ． ｎｏｖ． （四川）。模式标本保存于绵阳经济技术高等专科学校农艺系昆虫标本室。１． 紫胸鳞虫兆Ｔｏｍ ｏｃｅｒｕｓ（Ｔｏｍｏｃｅｒｉｎａ） ｐｕｒｐｕｒｉｔｈｏｒｕｓ, 新种（图１）鉴别特征：本种与Ｔ．（Ｔｏｍ ｏｃｅｒｉｎａ） ｍ ｉｎｕｔｕｓＴｕｌｌｂｅｒｇ １８７６ 非常相似,但其下列特征可与后者相区别：弹器齿节刺的刺式为５／７,１,弹器端节间齿数为５～７,爪内齿数为１,１,１,握弹器体上刚毛数为５支。正模：♀,四川峨眉山,１９－ ＩＶ－ １９９５,刘永琴;副模：４♀♀２♂♂,同正模。２． 白鳞虫兆Ｔｏｍ ｏｃｅｒｕｓ （Ｔｏｍ ｏｃｅｒｉｎａ） ｃａｌｃｅｕｓ, 新种（图２）鉴别特征：本种与Ｔ．（Ｔｏｍｏｃｅｒｉ     

辽宁淡水鱼类寄生艾美虫属二新种（真球虫目：艾美科）

本文记述艾美虫属Ｅｉｍｅｒｉａ Ｓｃｈｎｅｉｄｅｒ,１８７５二新种：寄生于鲢、鳙肾脏的柳壕艾美虫,新种Ｅｉｍｅｒｉａ ｌｉｕｈａｏｅｎｓｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．。寄生于草鱼肾脏的草鱼艾美虫,新种Ｅｉｍｅｒｉａ ｃｔｅｎｏｐｈａｒｙｎｇｏｄｏｎｉ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．。     

海水鱼类单殖吸虫研究XI鳞盘虫属二新种

从福建、海南、广东与广西所设的２２个采样点采获鳞盘虫属Ｄｉｐｌｅｃｔａｎｕｍ标本中,又有２种为新种。波茎鳞盘虫,新种Ｄｉｐｌｅｃｔａｎｕｍ ｕｎｄｕｌｉｃｉｒｒｏｓｕｍ ｓｐ．ｍｏｖ与叉片鳞盘虫,新种,Ｄｉｐｌｅｃｔａｎｕｍ ｆｕｒｃｅｌａｍｅｌｌｏｓｕｍ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,它们均以具特殊之交接器结构而区别于本属的其它虫种。     

朝鲜潮虫属一新种(甲壳纲:等足目)

记述采自江苏省连云港市花果山的等足目气肢虫科朝鲜潮虫属一新种,即花果山朝鲜潮虫Ｋｏｒｅｏｎｉｓｃｕｓ ｈｕａｇｕｏｓｈａｎｅｎｓｉｓ Ｔａｎｇ ｅｔ Ｇｕｉ,ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,并讨论其与相似种莱氏朝鲜潮虫Ｋｏｒｅｏｎｉｓｃｕｓ ｒａｃｏｖｉｔｚａｉ（Ａｒｃａｎｇｅｌｉ,１９２７）的区别。     

负泥虫新种及新纪录种(鞘翅目:负泥虫科)

本文记述采自海南的负泥虫１新种Ｌｉｌｉｏｃｅｒｉｓ ｙｕａｅ Ｌｏｎｇ,ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,同时记述采自广东省的负泥虫１新纪录种Ｌｅｍａ ｌａｃｏｒｄａｉｒｅｉ和１颜色变异种Ｌｅｍａ ｐｅｒｐｌｅｘａ。     

广东省负泥虫一新种（鞘翅目∶负泥虫科）

记述采自广东省连县大东山的负泥虫１新种Ｌｉｌｉｏｃｅｒｉｓ ｌｉａｎｚｈｏｕｅｎｓｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,模式标本存中山大学昆虫研究所标本室。     

四种锚首虫科包括一新种的描述

本报道采自广东阳江闸坡中华海鲶鳃上的锚首虫科四个虫种。包括一新种瘤钩小沙汉虫Ｃｈａｕｈａｎｅｌｌｕｓ ｔｕｂｅｒｈａｍａｔｕｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．。它以背中央大钩钩尖基部内侧具瘤状结构而区别于本属已记述的２１个种。其余为菠沙汉虫Ｃ．ｆｌｅｘｉｏｓｕｓ、海鲶血粳虫Ｈａｍａｔｏｐｅｄｕｎｃｕｌａｒｉａ ａｒｉｉ、和简单血梗虫．Ｈ．ｓｉｍｐｌｅｘ。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.