牛心朴子中的三个新C21甾体配糖体

从宁夏产植物牛心朴子( Cynanchum komarovii Al. Iljinski.) 须根的乙醇提取物中分离并鉴定了4 个C₂₁ 甾体配糖体: 白前苷元C 3- O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-(1→4 )-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-( 1→4-α-L-吡喃磁麻糖基-( 1→4 )-β- D-吡喃毛地黄毒糖基- (1→4 )-β- D-吡喃夹竹桃糖苷( 1) , 白前苷元A 3- O-β- D-吡喃葡萄糖基- (1→4 ) -β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-(1→4 ) -α- D-吡喃夹竹桃糖基- (1→4 )-β- D-吡喃毛地黄毒糖基-(1→4 )-β- D-吡喃夹竹桃糖苷(2) , 白前苷元C 3- O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-(1→4 )-β- D-吡喃葡萄糖基- (1→4 )-α- D-吡喃夹竹桃糖基-(1→4 ) -β-D-吡喃磁麻糖基-( 1→4 )-β- D-吡喃夹竹桃糖苷( 3) , 白前苷元A 3- O-β- D-吡喃葡萄糖基-(1→4 )-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-( 1→4 )-α- D-吡喃夹竹桃糖基- (1→4 ) -β-D-吡喃磁麻糖基- (1→4 )-β- D-吡喃夹竹桃糖苷( 4) , 分别命名为komaroside I (1) , komaroside J ( 2) , komaroside K ( 3) , komaroside L ( 4) , 除化合物1 外,其余化合物均为新化合物。     

牛心朴子中三个新C21甾体配糖体

从宁夏产植物牛心朴子（Cymmehumkomarovii Al．IIjinski）须根的乙醇提取物中分离并鉴定了4个C21甾体配糖体：白前苷元C 3-O-β—D-吡喃葡萄糖基-（1→4）-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-（1→4）-α-L-吡喃磁麻糖基-（1→4）-β-D-吡喃毛地黄毒糖基-（1→4）-β—D-吡喃夹竹桃糖苷（1）,白前苷元A 3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-（1→4）-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-（1→4）-α-D-吡喃夹竹桃糖基-（1→4）-β-D-吡喃毛地黄毒糖基-（1→4）-β-D-吡喃夹竹桃糖苷（2）,白前苷元C3-O-β—D-吡喃葡萄糖基-（1→4）-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-（1→4）-α—D-吡喃夹竹桃糖基-（1→4）-β-D-吡喃磁麻糖基-（1→4）-β-D-吡喃夹竹桃糖苷（3）,白前苷元A3-O-β—D-吡喃葡萄糖基-（1→4）-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-（1→4）-α—D-吡喃夹竹桃糖基-（1→4）-β-D-吡喃磁麻糖基-（1→4）-β-D-吡喃夹竹桃糖苷（4）,分别命名为komarosideI（1）,komarosideJ（2）,komarosideK（3）,komarosideL（4）,除化合物1外,其余化合物均为新化合物。     

Steroidal glycosides from Cynanchum forrestii Schlechter

Nine new steroidal glycosides, cynaforrosides B, C, D, E, and F, based on a 13, 14: 14, 15-disecopregnane-type skeleton, cynaforrosides G, H, and I with a new aglycone named cynaforrogenin A, and cynaforroside J together with three known C21 steroidal glycosides cynatratoside A, hancoside and komaroside C were isolated from the ethanol extract of the roots of Cynanchum forrestii Schlechter. The structures of new compounds were determined on the basis of spectral and chemical evidence. Steroidal glycosides with three kinds of skeletons were isolated from this plant simultaneously. The sugar units of cynaforrosides B-I contained two moieties of glucoses and especially cynaforrosides E-I contained two glucoses with the mode of 1-->6 linkage, which were rare among steroidal glycosides of the genus Cynanchum.     

头花蓼化学成分研究

从苗药头花蓼(Polygonum capitatumBuch.-Ham.ex D.Don)乙酸乙酯部位中分离得到9个化合物,根据理化性质结合波谱学技术分别鉴定为槲皮素-3-O-(4″-O-乙酰基)-α-L-鼠李糖苷(1)、槲皮素(2)、槲皮苷(3)、杨梅苷(4)、槲皮素-3-O-(2″-没食子酰基)-鼠李糖苷(5)、原儿茶酸(6)、胡萝卜苷(7)、没食子酸(8)、没食子酸乙酯(9)。其中化合物1为首次从该属植物中分得,化合物4为首次从该植物中分得。同时,对黄酮苷类化合物中鼠李糖不同位置乙酰基取代后的1HNMR和13C NMR波谱数据进行了归纳总结。     

Oxidative phosphorylation properties of mitochondria isolated from transplanted hepatoma

Mitochondria were isolated from Morris hepatomas with rapid (types 3683, 7777, and 3924A) and intermediate (types 5123D and 7800) growth rates, using proteolytic digestion of minced tumor tissue to release the particles. Mitochondria isolated by the same procedure from rat liver were employed as controls. All the hepatoma mitochondria were capable of coupled respiration with normal phosphorylation yields (ADP/O) and respiratory control ratios ranging from 2 to considerably more than 10. Particles from hepatomas 7777 and 7800 exhibited properties closest to liver mitochondria, while those from hepatomas 3683 and 3924A showed the greatest difference. All the hepatoma mitochondria were capable of oxidizing succinate, 3-hydroxybutyrate and monoamines. However, the oxidation rates of the latter two substrates by mitochondria from hepatomas 3683 and 3924A were only a fraction of the control rates. These differences appeared to be due, at least in part, to the structural instability of the isolated hepatoma mitochondria. In contrast to the reports of others, all hepatoma mitochondria exhibited considerable stimulation of ATPase activity by uncouplers. Maximal stimulation of ATPase activity by representatives of three classes of uncouplers was in all instances comparable to the values obtained for rat liver mitochondria.     

长筒石蒜鳞茎中的生物碱类成分(英文)

从长筒石蒜鳞茎的乙醇提取物中分离得到7个生物碱类化合物,经理化方法和波谱分析,分别鉴定为galanthamine(1),lycoramlne(2),6β-hydroxycrinamine(3a),6α-hydroxycrinamine(3b),(-)-amarbellisine(4),tazettine(5),macowine(6).其中化合物3a～6为首次从该植物中分离得到.     

V-ATPase is a major component of the Golgi complex in the scaly green flagellate Scherffelia dubia

Highly purified membranes isolated from the Golgi complex of the scaly green flagellate Scherffelia dubia (Chlorophyta) were subjected to Triton X-114 two-phase partitioning. Proteins in the detergent phase were analyzed by 2D gel electrophoresis and a major protein of 66 kD (p66) was N-terminally sequenced. The complete cDNA sequence of p66 was obtained by 3' RACE-PCR and screening of a cDNA library of S. dubia with a PCR probe derived from the 3' RACE. Sequence analysis of the cDNA clone identified p66 as subunit A of V-ATPase. Other major proteins in the isolated Golgi complex were immunoreactive to heterologous antibodies raised against subunit B or the holoenzyme of V-ATPase. A polyclonal (anti-p66) antibody raised against a recombinant, bacterially expressed p66 fusion protein recognized p66 in the isolated Golgi complex in western blots and localized the antigen by immunogold electron microscopy mostly to the scale reticulum but also to the Golgi stack within the Golgi complex. Concanamycin A-sensitive (but bafilomycin A1-insensitive) ATPase activity was present in the isolated Golgi complex, and monensin at 0.5-1 microM reversibly inhibited flagellar regeneration and resulted in swelling of Golgi cisternae. It is concluded that a functional V-ATPase is a major protein of the Golgi complex in S. dubia and is presumably associated with sorting processes at the endocytotic/exocytotic boundary of the Golgi complex.     

紫花列当水溶性成分的研究

采用大孔树脂、SephadexLH-20等色谱方法,从列当科列当属植物紫花列当Orobanche coerulescens中分离得到六个水溶性成分,通过波谱技术及理化手段分别鉴定为类叶升麻苷（1）、异类叶升麻苷（2）、crenatoside（3）、cistanoside F（4）、sinapoyl-4—O-β-D-glucoside（5）、腺苷（6）。其中化合物5和6为首次从该属植物中分离得到。     

印楝内生真菌棘孢曲霉YM 311498的代谢产物研究

从印楝植物内生真菌棘孢曲霉（Aspergillus aculeatus）YM311498的发酵液提取物中分离得到4个化合物,通过波谱技术分别鉴定为大黄酚（1）、大黄素（2）、琥珀酸（3）、柠檬酸二甲酯（4）,以上化合物均为首次从该种真菌中分离得到。     

Chemical Structures of Reniformin A,B, and C

Three new cytotoxic diterpenoids reniformin A, B and C, have been isolated from the leaves of Rabdosia latifolia var. reniformis Z. W. Xue et X. W. Wang. Their structures were established as (1), (2), and (3) by spectroscopic and chemical data respectively.     

Studies on the Alkaloids of Stephania yunnanensis

Ten known alkaloids, sinoacutine (Ⅰ), 1-tetrahydropalmatine (Ⅱ), d-stepharine (Ⅲ), 1- stepholidine (Ⅳ), 1-corydalmine (Ⅴ), stephanine (Ⅵ), palmatine (Ⅶ), dehydrocorydalmine (Ⅷ), stepharanine (Ⅸ) and roemerine (Ⅹ) were isolated from the roots of Stephamia yunnanensis H. S. Lo. Their structures were determined from spectral data and chemical evidence.     

川赤芍的化学成分研究

从川赤芍Paeonia anomala subsp·veitchii根皮的70%丙酮提取物中,分离鉴定了22个化合物,其中包括一个新的24,30位降常春藤皂苷三萜衍生物,命名为paeonenolide H(1)。化合物2,4,9,10为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

海洋细菌抗菌和细胞毒活性的初步研究

从不同海域的生物、海水和海泥中分离海洋细菌,利用琼脂扩散法和MTT法对细菌培养液的乙酸乙酯提取物进行了抗菌和细胞毒活性筛选。比较了活性菌株与来源的相关性．结果表明,在分离的341株海洋细菌中。42株细菌的代谢产物具有抗菌活性,7株具有细胞毒活性,其中来源于海洋无脊椎动物和海藻的活性菌株比例(22％和11％)大于来源于海水和海泥的细菌(7％和5％)．细菌分类鉴定结果显示,具有活性的细菌大部分属于假单胞菌属、发光杆菌属、梭状芽孢杆菌属、交替单胞菌属和黄杆菌属．     

Study on the Chemical Constituents of Lancan tibetica Hook F. et Thoms

A new lignancide named lantibeside (1) was isolated from Lancea ti-betica Hook. f. et Thoms. The structure of lantibeside, C32H42O15, mp 214℃, was eluci-dated as 4"-0-[β-D-xylosyl-(1-6)-β-D-glucosyl]-phillygenol by spectral analysis andchemical methods. Pillygenol (2) and oleanic acid (3) were isolated and identifiedalso.     

秃叶黄皮树叶子的化学成分研究(英文)

从秃叶黄皮树叶子(Phellodendron chinensevar.glabriusculumSchneid)分离到7个化合物,经波谱解析鉴定为6-O-乙酰基黄柏苷(1),6-O-乙酰基二氢黄柏苷(2),(2R)-4′,5-二羟基-7-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-8-异戊烯基-二氢黄酮(3),黄柏苷(4),2-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-6-羟基-苯甲酸苄酯(5),柑橘素C(6),3-羰基齐墩果烷(7),其中化合物1～3,5～7为首次从秃叶黄皮树叶子中分离得到。     

Effect of parathyroid hormone on Na+-dependent phosphate transport and cAMP-dependent 32P phosphorylation in brush border vesicles from isolated perfused canine kidneys

Concentrative uptake of 32Pi induced by the dissipation of a Na+ gradient (overshoot) was demonstrated in brush border membrane vesicles obtained from isolated perfused canine kidneys. Na+-dependent 32Pi transport was decreased in brush border vesicles from isolated kidneys perfused with parathyroid hormone (PTH) for 2 h compared to uptake measured in vesicles from kidneys perfused without PTH. Cyclic AMP-dependent 32P phosphorylation of a 62,000 Mr protein band was demonstrable on autoradiograms of sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels of membrane suspensions from kidneys perfused +/- PTH. Evidence that perfusion with PTH resulted in cAMP-dependent phosphorylation in isolated kidneys from parathyroidectomized dogs (decreased cAMP-dependent 32P phosphorylation of the 62,000-Mr band in brush border vesicles) was obtained after 2-h perfusion with PTH. Decreased 32P phosphorylation was not observed if membranes were allowed to dephosphorylate prior to 32P phosphorylation in vitro. We conclude that brush border vesicles from isolated perfused canine kidneys can be used to study the action of PTH on Na+-Pi cotransport in brush border membranes and on cAMP-dependent phosphorylation of the membrane. It is strongly suggested that PTH effects changes in Na+-dependent 32Pi transport in isolated brush border vesicles and changes in 32P phosphorylation of vesicles via a direct action on the renal cortical cell rather than as a consequence of extrarenal actions of the hormone.     

鬼臼类植物产鬼臼毒素内生真菌的筛选

从桃儿七(Sinopodoph yllum hexandrum)、南方山荷叶(Diphylleia sinensis)和川八角莲(Dysos-ma veitchii)中分离到92株内生真菌,其发酵提取物经TLC、HPLC,结果表明,6株内生真菌能产鬼臼毒素,占总分离菌株数的6．5％。桃儿七、南方山荷叶和川八角莲内生真菌中产鬼臼毒素菌株占各供测菌株的7％,3％和10％。     

Neo-clerodane diterpenoids from Teucrium oxylepis subsp. Marianum

Two new neo-clerodane diterpenoids have been isolated from the aerial parts of Teucrium oxylepis subsp. marianum. Their structures, 4,18;15,16-diepoxy-6β,12S-dihydroxy-neo-clerado-13(16),14-dien-20,19-olide (teucroxylepin) and 12S-acetoxy-6β,18; 15,16-diepoxy-4,6-dihydroxy-neo-cleroda-13(16),14-dien-20,19-olide (12-O-acetylteugnaphalodin), were established by chemical and spectroscopic means. In addition, 10 already known neo-clerodane diterpenoids were also isolated from the same source.     

Phospholipases as possible virulence factor in Vibrio parahaemolyticus

Phospholipase C activity was elevated in pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from patients. Phospholipase A activity was more pronounced in the nonpathogenic V. parahaemolyticus strains isolated from water. Extracts of the strains containing phospholipase C and A activity but no thermostable direct haemolysin (TDH) were capable of producing lesions in guinea pig skin indicating the presence of a toxic factor other than TDH. It is suggested that the toxic factor may be phospholipase C since the purified enzyme from Clostridium perfringens produced a similar reaction in guinea pig skin.