基因治疗微链载体的构建及表达分析

基因载体的转染、表达效率低和存在安全问题是基因治疗的难点。由于传统病毒及质粒载体含有大量外源基因, 其表达有可能引发较严重免疫副反应。本课题旨在新的设计思路上开发高效安全基因治疗载体。 微链载体利用设计好的Cap序列封闭基因表达框两端, 起到防止细胞内核酸外切酶降解的作用。从pEGFP-N3质粒中分离纯化得到GFP基因作为微链载体的报告基因。将微链载体与原质粒载体(pEGFP-N3质粒)分别转染入真核细胞, 利用荧光显微镜和流式细胞仪检测并比较其转染效率。结果显示微链载体在293、CNE2、3T3、B95-8等真核细胞中的转染、表达效率较高, 并具有较小的细胞毒性。初步证实了微链载体在真核细胞中转染、表达效率及安全性等方面具有一定的优越性。     

p21 RNAi的pSUPER载体的构建及功能鉴定

目的:构建抑制p21基因表达的pSUPER RNAi载体(pSUPER-p21)并鉴定其功能.方法:化学合成一对编码短发夹RNA序列的、靶向大鼠p21基因的寡核苷酸链,各60个碱基,退火,克隆到经Bg1 Ⅱ、HindⅢ双酶切的pSUPER质粒上,构建重组RNAi质粒(pSUPER-p21).通过双酶切鉴定及测序分析验证构建效果.将正确构建的质粒转染大鼠原代培养皮质神经元,western blotting检测经红藻氨酸处理的神经元中p21蛋白表达.结果:pSUPER-p21载体经双酶切鉴定及测序分析,结果表明60个碱基成功插入到预计位点,并且序列完全一致.Western blotting结果证实pSUPER-p21载体可特异性抑制红藻氨酸诱导的原代培养皮质神经元中p21蛋白表达的上调.结论:靶向p21的pSUPER RNAi载体构建成功,该载体可特异性抑制p21基因表达.     

双报告基因真核表达载体的构建及其功能鉴定

目的:构建绿色荧光蛋白和海肾荧光素酶共同高效表达的双报告基因真核表达载体。方法:将增强型绿色荧光蛋白基因和海肾荧光素酶基因以昆虫病毒T2A序列相连接而后克隆进入pcDNA3.1(-)质粒,构建双报告基因真核表达载体。将该载体转染至COS-7细胞,通过荧光显微镜观察、照度计定量分析检测绿色荧光蛋白和海肾荧光素酶生物活性,Western Bolt检测T2A序列自剪切效率。结果:双报告基因真核表达载体能够同时表达非融合的绿色荧光蛋白和海肾荧光素酶,与单独表达载体产物具有相似的生物活性和表达效率。结论:双报告基因真核表达载体建立成功,为基因表达调控等相关领域研究提供辅助工具。     

CKLFSF1基因与CKLFSF2基因间存在的顺式作用元件

探讨趋化素样因子超家族成员 1,2基因 (CKLFSF1基因与CKLFSF2基因 )间的短序列对其下游基因表达的调控作用 .运用PCR技术扩增CKLFSF1基因与CKLFSF2基因间的序列 ,将此片段插入含有萤光素酶 (luciferase)报告基因载体上 .以磷酸钙介导基因转染技术 ,将重组质粒以及阴性和阳性对照组质粒转染到HeLa细胞 ,进行瞬时表达分析 .在pGL3 Basic质粒中的报告基因萤光素酶无表达 ,但将CKLFSF1与CKLFSF2基因间的序列插入到启动子上游或下游后 ,显著抑制其下游基因的表达 ,萤光素酶活性明显降低 .结果提示 ,CKLFSF1与CKLFSF2基因间的序列不具有启动子活性 ,但是该序列对其下游基因表达具有负调控作用     

EGFP-MAD2融合基因表达载体的构建及功能验证

目的:构建绿色荧光蛋白(EGFP)与有丝分裂阻滞缺陷蛋白2(MAD2)融合基因表达载体,并初步验证融合基因的功能。方法:采用PCR技术扩增EGFP-MAD2融合基因,连接入T载体进行序列测定,随后克隆入逆转录表达载体p QCXIP-EGFP-N1获得重组质粒,采用脂质体转染293FT细胞,荧光显微镜观察融合蛋白的表达,流式细胞仪分析细胞周期。结果:获得序列正确的EGFP-MAD2融合基因及其表达载体p QCXIP-EGFP-MAD2;EGFP-MAD2基因可在293FT细胞中表达;流式分析显示EGFP-MAD2表达的细胞G2/M期比例增加。结论:构建了EGFP-MAD2融合基因表达载体,EGFP-MAD2融合蛋白的表达可以诱导细胞发生G2/M期阻滞。     

p21RNAi的pSUPER载体的构建及功能鉴定

目的：构建抑制p21基因表达的pSUPERRNAi载体（pSUPER—p21）并鉴定其功能。方法：化学合成一对编码短发夹RNA序列的、靶向大鼠p21基因的寡核苷酸链,各60个碱基,退火,克隆到经BglⅡ、HindⅢ酶切的pSUPER质粒上,构建重组RNAi质粒（pSUPER-p21）。通过双酶切鉴定及测序分析验证构建效果。将正确构建的质粒转染大鼠原代培养皮质神经元,western blotting检测经红藻氨酸处理的神经元中p21蛋白表达。结果：pSUPER-p21载体经双酶切鉴定及测序分析,结果表明60个碱基成功插入到预计位点,并且序列完全一致。Western blotting结果证实pSUPER-p21载体可特异性抑制红藻氨酸诱导的原代培养皮质神经元中p21蛋白表达的上调。结论：靶向p21的pSUPERRNAi载体构建成功,该载体可特异性抑制p21基因表达。     

人组织激肽释放酶基因在哺乳动物细胞中的表达

克隆人胰腺组织激肽释放酶基因 (hKK) ,构建融合荧光蛋白基因的真核表达载体 ,在CHO细胞中表达 ,为开发激肽释放酶基因工程产品以及开展基因治疗高血压研究奠定了基础。提取人胰腺组织总RNA后 ,RT PCR扩增KK ,构建中间载体KSKK。从KSKK中切出激肽释放酶基因 ,插入真核表达载体pEGFP C2 ,构建出激肽释放酶带有荧光蛋白报告基因的表达载体pEGC KK ,测序分析后转染CHO细胞 ,荧光显微镜观察激肽释放酶基因表达。并进行SDS PAGE及Westernblot分析。成功克隆激肽释放酶基因 ,并在CHO细胞获得表达 ,克隆的人组织激肽释放酶基因可用于激肽释放酶基因工程产品开发以及基因治疗研究。     

Stathmin SiRNA表达载体抑制stathmin的表达

目的:构建stathmin特异性SiRNA质粒表达载体,探讨其对鼻咽癌5-8F细胞stathmin的沉默作用.方法:合成用于stathmin基因特异性干扰表达的DNA片段,经退火形成双链DNA片段,片段克隆到质粒表达载体pGenesil 1.1上.载体导入JM109菌株进行筛选与扩增,采用酶切和测序对克隆表达载体进行鉴定.应用脂质体将鉴定后的重组表达质粒载体转入鼻咽癌5 -8F细胞,RT-PCR与Western Blot分析stathmin基因表达.结果:经酶切和测序鉴定,插入SiRNA质粒表达载体的stathmin特异性碱基序列和方向正确.重组质粒表达载体转染鼻咽癌细胞后,细胞转染效率达78.8 ±6.8％,stathmin基因在鼻咽癌中的表达明显下降.结论:构建的stathmin基因SiRNA质粒表达载体能抑制stathmin的表达.     

慢病毒siRNA靶向干扰YAP基因胃癌细胞株的建立

目的:构建并鉴定YAP基因短发夹干扰RNA(shRNA)慢病毒载体,建立稳定干扰YAP基因表达的胃癌细胞株SGC7901。方法:荧光定量PCR检测YAP基因在多种胃癌细胞株中的表达情况。构建重组靶向YAP基因的shRNA慢病毒表达质粒PGC-shRNA-YAP,用脂质体转染的方法将载体导入胃癌细胞。经杀稻瘟菌素筛选后,建立稳定表达siRNA的细胞株。荧光定量PCR检测干扰效率。结果:在胃癌细胞株SGC7901中,YAP基因显示高表达。测序验证PGC-shRNA-YAP重组质粒构建成功。将重组质粒稳定转染入胃癌细胞株SGC7901后能明显抑制YAPmRNA表达水平。结论:成功构建了PGC-shRNA-YAP慢病毒重组质粒,建立了靶向稳定干扰YAP基因表达的siRNA胃癌细胞株SGC7901。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.