共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 10 毫秒
1.
Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from immature embryos of five families of Quercus acutissima 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Immature embryos of sawtooth oak (Quercus acutissima Carruth.) were obtained from five seed families and cultured on modified Murashige and Skoog nutrient medium containing 1
g/l l-glutamine and 5 mM proline and supplemented with 1.0 mg/l indole-3-butyric acid and 1.0 mg/l 6-benzylaminopurine. The frequency of somatic embryogenesis
from immature embryos was a function of the collection date and seed family. The highest frequency of explants forming somatic
embryos was obtained with seeds of family Chungnam 11, i.e. 7 weeks post-fertilization (90.9%) and 9 weeks post-fertilization
(91.2%). No response was shown by families Chungnam 14, 15 and Jeonbook 29 (0%), at 10 weeks post fertilization. During germination,
the highest frequency of epicotyl formation was obtained with Chungnam 11 (44.0%) or Chungnam 15 (43.5%), and the highest
rate of radicle formation was shown by Chungnam 11 (26.1%). The most responsive seed family with respect to the formation
of both epicotyl (43.5%) and radicle (26.1%) was Chungnam 11. Twenty plantlets were transplanted to a perlite:peatmoss:vermiculite
(1:1:1) soil mixture, and 8 plants survived in the field.
Received: 6 December 1996 / Revised version received: 18 April 1997 / Accepted: 10 May 1997 相似文献
2.
Barbara Stefaniak 《Plant cell reports》1994,13(7):386-389
Summary Friable embryogenic callus and somatic embryos of 4 Gladiolus cultivars were obtained on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with various concentration of auxins from the following explants: corm slices, young leaf bases and whole, intact plantlets. Somatic embryos transferred on MS hormone-free medium regenerated into plantlets. All plantlets obtained through embryogenesis did not differ phenotypically from the parental clones. The embryogenic friable callus has been maintained for over 2 years in culture and has retained a very high regeneration capacity.Abbreviations 2,4-D
2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
- KIN
kinetin
- NAA
naphthaleneacetic acid
- MS
Murashige and Skoog Medium (1962)
- E
embryogenic callus
- NE
non-embryogenic callus 相似文献
3.
Mature embryos of Acanthopanax senticosus explanted on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with 0.5 mg/1 2,4-D developed somatic embryos directly from swollen cotyledon and embryo axes within one to two months. When the somatic embryos were transferred to medium supplemented with 2,4-D (0.5 mg/1) or IAA (1–3 mg/1) or Zeatin (0.5 mg/1) and NAA (0.2 mg/1), additional somatic embryos developed. Most (93%) embryos germinated on the above medium without 2,4-D. Sixty-two percent of the plantlets survived in soil. Histological observations revealed that the somatic embryos originated from cell masses of epidermal and sub-epidermal origin. There was no cytological separation zone between the somatic embryos and cultured expiants. Consequently, embryos were difficult to separate from their expiant tissue. 相似文献
4.
Mingxi Liu Jing Yang Shaoyun Lu Zhenfei Guo Xiping Lin Hong Wu 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2008,44(2):100-104
Centipedegrass (Eremochloa ophiuroides [Munro] Hack.) is an important warm-season turfgrass and pasture grass. To explore the potential use of biotechnical tools
in breeding of centipedegrass, we established an efficient plant regeneration system for this species. Four basal media and
24 combinations of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 6-benzyladenine (BAP) were examined for their effects on callus
induction from mature seed explants. Twenty combinations of naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and BAP were tested for their effect
on plant regeneration. Results indicated that Murashige and Skoog basal medium supplemented with 4.5 mg l−1 2,4-D and 1 mg l−1 BAP was the best medium for callus induction, while the combination of 2 mg l−1 BAP and 1 mg l−1 NAA induced the highest rate of regeneration and development of shoots and roots. This work provides a basis for the breeding
of centipedegrass through somaclonal variation and genetic transformation. 相似文献
5.
Cheng-Hao Li Bao-Guang Liu Tae-Dong Kim Heung-Kyu Moon Yong-Eui Choi 《Plant biotechnology reports》2008,2(4):259-265
Picea koraiensis, called Korean spruce, is an evergreen tree and found mostly in northeast Asia. In this study, plant regeneration via somatic
embryogenesis from open-pollinated immature zygotic embryos of nine genotypes of elite trees was established. Immature zygotic
embryos were cultured onto RJW medium modified from 505 medium with 21.48 μM NAA, 2.22 μM BA, and 2.32 μM KT. The average
frequency for all nine genotypes was 74.2%. Embryogenic calluses of the nine genotypes of elite trees were subcultured on
RJW basal medium containing 8.06 μM NAA, 1.11 μM BA, and 1.16 μM kinetin. The calluses of three lines, 3#, 9#, and 2#, were actively proliferated but others were not. Somatic embryogenesis was induced from the embryogenic callus in genotypes
of 3#, 9#, and 2# on RJW medium with ABA and 60 g l−1 sucrose. Cotyledonary somatic embryos were subjected to a drying process. The drying of embryos by uncapping the culture
bottle for 5 days on a clean bench resulted in a high frequency of germination of somatic embryos (87% in RJW medium). However,
plantlet conversion from germinated embryos was greatly reduced and the optimal medium for plant conversion was 1/2 WPM or
1/2 BMI medium. In conclusion, we have, for the first time, established a plant regeneration system via somatic embryogenesis
in the Korean spruce, which can be applied for rapid micropropagation of elite trees. 相似文献
6.
Thirty-two barley cultivars grown in Spain, 18 of the two-row type and 14 of the six-row type, were screened for plant regeneration
from cultured immature embryos. Although there was much variation in regeneration capacity among the cultivars, plants were
obtained from all cultivars except Almunia. No statistical differences were found in the percentage of regeneration between
two- and six-row types. The influence of the auxins 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, dicamba, and picloram on the induction
and maintenance of embryogenesis and regeneration capacity after 3–4 months in culture, were evaluated for cultivars Cobra,
Hop and Reinette. Hop had the highest rates of maintenance of embryogenic capacity and plant regeneration. The medium containing
dicamba gave the best embryogenic callus induction, maintenance and regeneration. Five regeneration media, differing in growth
regulators and micronutrient composition, as well as partial desiccation of the calli before regeneration, were tested. The
regeneration medium containing 10 μm copper sulfate gave the best results. Regeneration frequencies after 3–4 months in culture of cultivar Hop were raised from
59.5 to 93.7% in this medium. Silver nitrate and partial desiccation of the calli also enhanced plant regeneration, but the
medium containing 10 μm of silver nitrate reduced root formation.
Received: 30 October 1997 / Revision received: 3 April 1998 / Accepted: 17 April 1998 相似文献
7.
Yong Wook Kim So Young Park In Sun Park Heung Kyu Moon 《Plant biotechnology reports》2007,1(4):237-242
We have tested plantlet formation by somatic embryogenesis using immature seeds of Magnolia obovata. Seed collection date appeared to be critical for embryogenic cell induction. The optimal collection date was 3–4 weeks postanthesis.
The embryogenic cells proliferated, formed somatic embryos, and were subsequently converted into normal plantlets under optimized
culture conditions. Somatic embryo formation from the embryogenic calli was better on sucrose medium than on glucose medium.
The optimum level of sucrose appeared to be 3% with an average of 28 somatic embryos per plate. About 25% of somatic embryos
were converted into normal plantlets in 1/2 MS medium containing gibberellic acid (GA3). During somatic embryo germination, secondary embryogenesis was frequently observed in the lower part of the hypocotyl or
radicle ends of germinating somatic embryos. Finally, about 85% of converted plantlets survived in an artificial soil mixture,
were transferred to a nursery, and have grown normally. 相似文献
8.
We established a plant regeneration system for Hinoki cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa) via somatic embryogenesis. Embryogenic tissues were successfully induced on three kinds of Smith media from megagametophyte explants containing pre-cotyledonary embryos of C. obtusa plus-trees. Factors affecting somatic embryo maturation were examined. The concentration of polyethylene glycol 4000 in the medium was a critical factor for embryo maturation and its effective concentration was 150 g/l. The addition of 30 g/l maltose to the medium had a positive effect on embryo maturation, but sucrose was ineffective. The mature somatic embryos germinated at a germination frequency of approximately 60%, and the presence of activated charcoal was effective in stimulating plantlet growth. The plantlets acclimatized successfully in a greenhouse. To our knowledge, this is first report describing details of a plant regeneration method for C. obtusa via somatic embryogenesis.Abbreviations ABA
Abscisic acid
- PEG
Polyethylene glycol 4000
- SM1
Smith Standard Embryonic Tissue Capture Medium
- SM2
Smith Standard Embryogenesis Medium
- SM3
Smith Embryo Develop Medium 相似文献
9.
A protocol has been developed for achieving somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from petiole-derived callus of Heracleum candicans Wall. Callus was initiated on MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg l–1 2,4-D and 0.5 mg l–1 BAP and subcultured on a medium containing double strength MS macrosalts, 1 mg l–12,4-D and 0.25 mg l–1 Kn. Numerous globular embryos were formed on the surface of the callus upon transfer to auxin-rich MS medium that lacked
cytokinins. The globular embryos differentiated into mature embryos only when 2,4-D was removed from the medium. Mature embryo
formation was significantly influenced by the pH of the medium and the addition of AgNO3 and ABA. Eighty-five percent of the somatic embryos were converted into plantlets when transferred to a medium supplemented
with 0.01 mg l–1 BAP and 0.01 mg l–1 IBA. The regenerated plants have been established in soil and appear to be identical to the parent plants in morphology and
chromosome number.
Received: 5 November 1997 / Revision received: 9 February 1998 / Accepted: 19 February 1998 相似文献
10.
Hypocotyl segments of 2- to 3-week-old radish (Raphanus sativus L. cv. F1 Handsome Fall) seedlings produced yellowish compact calli when cultured on Murashige and Skoog's (MS) medium supplemented with 1 mgl-1 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). Upon transfer onto medium containing 6-benzyladenine and -naphthaleneacetic acid, up to 5.3% of the calli gave rise to a few somatic embryos. When subcultured for 3 to 6 months, 7% of the yellowish, compact calli produced white, compact calli which formed numerous embryos. These calli maintained their embryogenic capacity for over 18 months. When cultured on medium containing 0.1 to 3 mgl-1 2,4-D, up to 90% of longitudinally sliced somatic embryo halves produced calli with numerous secondary embryos. Embryos were transferred onto medium containing 0.1 mgl-1 2,4-D and 1 mgl-1 abscisic acid where they developed into the cotyledonary stage. Upon transfer onto half-strength MS basal medium, approximately 90% of the embryos developed into plantlets. These plantlets were successfully transplanted in potting soil and after cold treatment they were grown to maturity in a phytotron.Abbreviation 2,4-D
2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
- BA
6-benzyladenine
- GA3
gibberellin A3
- IAA
indole-3-acetic acid
- MS
Murashige and Skoog
- NAA
-naphthaleneacetic acid 相似文献
11.
Piedad Gallego Oscar Hita Nieves Villalobos Ana Dorado Luisa Martin Hilario Guerra 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2001,37(2):199-203
Summary An efficient plant regeneration system employing cotyledons, hypocotyls, petioles and leaves as explants and characterized
by continuous and prolific production of somatic embryos, has been developed with Medicago arborea ssp. arborea. The optimal somatic embryogenic response was obtained using a two-step protocol, where explants were incubated under a 16
h photoperiod for 2 mo. on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D; 9 μM) and kinetin (9 μM), and followed by transfer to kinetin-free MS medium with 2,4-D (2.25 μM). Removal of the cytokinin and a reduction in the concentration of auxin (2.25 μM) in the second step of culture were critical for enhanced production of somatic embryos. The best explants proved to be cotyledons
and petioles (i.e. a mean of 18.0±0.70 somatic embryos at 3 mo. for petiole culture). Somatic embryos were converted into
normal plantlets (8.0±0.89%) when cultured on basal MS medium with 5 μM indolebutyric acid. No somatic embryos were obtained when thidiazuron was used in the culture media. Using petioles as explants
and N6-benzyladenine (BA), embryogenesis was induced in the second step of culture when BA was removed from the medium and the concentration
of 2,4-D was decreased to 2.25 μM. 相似文献
12.
C. Lu I. K. Vasil 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1981,59(5):275-280
Summary Somatic embryogenesis was induced in proliferating leaf segments of Panicum maximum Jacq., cultured on Murashige and Skoog's nutrient medium containing 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and coconut milk. The embryoids gave rise to plants on a medium containing gibberellic acid. The plants were successfully transplanted to soil and grown to maturity. Histological examination of proliferating leaves showed that the embryogenic callus tissue was formed by divisions in cells of the lower epidermis as well as the mesophyll tissue. The regenerated plants showed the normal chromosome number of 2n=4x=32.Florida Agriculture Experiment Station Journal Series No. 2775 相似文献
13.
Sung R. Min Seung G. Yang Jang R. Liu Pil S. Choi Woong Y. Soh 《Plant cell reports》1992,10(12):621-623
Culture conditions for high frequency somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from cotyledonary explants of Codonopsis lanceolata are described. The maximum induction frequency of somatic embryos from cotyledonary explants was 80% on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 6% sucrose with 1 mg/l 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 10% coconut water. Upon transfer onto MS basal medium containing 3% sucrose, most somatic embryos developed into plantlets.Abbreviations 2,4-D
2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
- GA3
gibberellin a3
- MS
Murashige and Skoog 相似文献
14.
Friable callus was obtained from styles and flower pedicels of Lilium longiflorum Snow Queen and the Oriental lily hybrid Star Gazer on Murashige and Skoog (MS) media containing either 2 μm dicamba or 2 μm picloram. Cell suspension cultures were established by suspending the callus of L. longiflorum Snow Queen in liquid medium containing 2 μm dicamba. Through a purification process, a fine fast-growing cell suspension was obtained. This suspension was composed of
a homogenous population of small dense cells, which tended to organise into embryo like structures (ELS). In liquid culture
with the auxin dicamba, the ELS underwent continuous callus formation. When transferred to solidified hormone-free MS medium,
the ELS germinated, forming complete plantlets. Histological investigation showed that in the ELS both shoot and root meristems
were distinctly evident. It was concluded that the ELS obtained were in fact somatic embryos.
Received: 4 April 1997 / Revision received: 13 May 1997 / Accepted: 15 June 1997 相似文献
15.
Summary Embryogenic cell suspension cultures and somatic embryos of five genotypes of beech, were obtained from aged cultures derived from immature zygotic embryos cultured on solid medium containing both 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and N6-benzyladenine. The origin of somatic embryos was traced from single cells. Embryos remained arrested at the globular stage on liquid media, further development was achieved after plating embryogenic aggregates on Murashige and Skoog's medium with half strength major salts supplemented with glutamine and low levels of growth regulators. Cultures of different genotypes showed significant differences in maturation frequency which was not affected by the hormone treatments assayed. The frequency of conversion of embryos into plantlets was low. This frequency increased after cold storage of embryos for up to 7 months.Abbreviations BA
N6-benzyladenine
- 2,4-D
2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
- EtOH
ethanol
- GA3
giberrellic acid
- IAA
indole-3-acetic acid
- IBA
indole-3-butyric acid
- MS
Murashige and Skoog (1962)
- NAA
naphthalene acetic acid
- WPM
woody plant medium (Lloyd and McCown, 1980)
- Z
zeatin 相似文献
16.
Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from different wild diploid cotton (Gossypium) species 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Calli were successfully induced from hypocotyls of eight wild diploid cotton species (Gossypium) on MSB (MS salts and B5 vitamins) medium supplemented with 0.09 μM 2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) and 2.32 μM KT (kinetin). Plant growth
regulator (PGR) combinations, adding GA3 (Gibberellic acid), high inorganic salt stress, and PGR-free media were used to induce embryogenic calli from nonembryogenic
calli. Embryogenic cultures were induced from G. aridum S. (D4 genome), G. davidsonii K. (D3-d genome), G. klotzschianum A. (D3-k genome), G. raimondii U. (D5 genome), and G. stocksii M. (E1 genome). We then observed somatic embryogenesis in the five species while calli of G. africanum V. (A1-2 genome), G. anomalum W. (B1 genome), and G. bickii P. (G genome) remained nonembryogenic. Somatic embryogenesis was adjusted by changing sugar sources, regulating combinations
of PGRs, and using cell suspension culture. Embryos at various developmental stages produced mature and germinating embryos
when cultured on filter paper placed on the media containing different sugar sources. The utility of different sugar sources
promoted globular embryos developing into cotyledonary stage and increased the frequency of cotyledonary embryos developing
into normal plants. Normal plantlets were regenerated from G. davidsonii, G. klotzschianum, G. raimondii, and G. stocksii. Only abnormal plantlets were obtained in G. aridum. This work will contribute to broadening the number of regenerable cotton species and provide foundations for somatic hybridization
in cotton to create new germplasm. 相似文献
17.
Dr. F. J. Zapata K. C. Sink 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1981,59(5):265-268
Summary One to five percent of Lycopersicon peruvianum (L.) Mill. leaf mesophyll protoplasts undergo cell division and concomitant organization to form embryogenic-like structures when cultured in Murashige and Skoog medium (1962) containing 3% sucrose, 9% mannitol, 1.0 mg/l kinetin (K) and 1.0 mg/l naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) at pH 5.6–5.8 (medium A). These embryogenic structures, after passing through developmental stages similar to those observed in zygotic embryogeny, are capable of forming shoots on hormone-free medium A. In medium B, wherein 0.5 mg/l of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic (2,4-D) replaced the hormones (K and NAA), embryogenic structures did not develop. However, callus originating in medium B retained morphogenetic capacity as was evidenced by subsequent shoot regeneration when they were transferred to medium A with K and NAA replaced by 1.0 mg/l zeatin (Z). The potential value of incorporating this regeneration trait into Lycopersicon species and cultivated lines for use in tissue culture programs is discussed.Michigan Agricultural Experiment Station Journal No. 9676 相似文献
18.
A protocol was developed for the induction, maturation and germination of somatic embryos from leaf tissue of jojoba [Simmondsia chinensis (Link) Schneider]. Explants were placed on their adaxial sides in Petri dishes and maintained in darkness on half-strength
Murashige and Skoog basal medium (MS/2). Combinations of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (1.35–4.52 μM) with 6-benzylaminopurine
(1.33–4.43μM) and 2 synthetic cytokinins, N-(2-chloro-4pyridyl)-N′-phenylurea (1.21–4.03μM) or (E)-6-[3-(trifluoromethyl)-but-2-enylamino]
purine (1.11–3.71μM) resulted in formation of embryogenic cultures and somatic embryos. After two 30-day subcultures, embryogenic
cultures were transferred onto MS/2 medium supplemented with different auxins and cytokinins. Somatic embryo maturation, germination
and plantlet formation were achieved using 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (3.75μM) or indole-3-butyric acid (3.44μM) in combination
with BA (0.44 or 1.33μM) or F3iP (0.37 or 1.11μM). Histology confirmed each stage of development.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
19.
Rugosa rose (Rosa rugosa) is cultivated as a garden flower and an important genetic resource for the breeding of roses (R. hybrida). This study describes culture conditions for high frequency plant regeneration from zygotic embryo explants via somatic embryogenesis in rugosa rose. Mature zygotic embryo, cotyledon, and radicle explants formed embryogenic calluses at frequencies of 38, 6.7, and 8.8% when cultured on half-strength Murashige and Skoog medium (½MS) supplemented with 2.26, 9.05, and 9.05 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, respectively. Embryogenic calluses produced numerous somatic embryos, which then developed into plantlets on ½MS without growth regulators. Regenerated plantlets were grown to whole plants in a growth chamber. 相似文献
20.
Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from suspension cultures of Acanthopanax koreanum Nakai
High-frequency somatic embryogenesis was achieved from an embryogenic cell suspension culture of Acanthopanax koreanum Nakai. Stem segments were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing auxins and cytokinins. Opaque and friable
embryogenic callus formed on MS medium with 4.5 μm 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 2.0 μm kinetin or zeatin, but was highest on medium containing 4.5 μm 2,4-D alone. Embryogenic calli were transferred to MS liquid medium containing 4.5 μm 2,4-D and maintained by subculture at 2-week intervals. Initiation of somatic embryogenesis and development up to the globular
stage from embryogenic cell clumps occurred in medium containing 0.45 μm 2,4-D, whereas maturation and germination of somatic embryos occurred in MS medium lacking 2,4-D. Cytokinin treatment suppressed
the normal growth of embryos, but stimulated secondary somatic embryogenesis from the surfaces of primary embryos. Plants
from somatic embryos were acclimatized in a greenhouse.
Received: 14 January 1997 / Revision received: 17 June 1997 / Accepted: 5 July 1997 相似文献