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棒凤仙亚属代表着凤仙花属最先分化出的一支,以多年生草本,多于5朵花的总状花序,侧生萼片4枚,3沟花粉,心皮四室且每室具1枚种子,果实棒锤状,种子椭圆形以及三沟花粉其极面观为三角形而区别于其它种类。该亚属主要分布于中国南部,少数种类辐射分布至华中和中南半岛地区。已有报道证实花粉的形态特征对凤仙花属植物的属下分类具有重要意义,但对棒凤仙亚属的种类少有涉及。为了进一步探讨该亚属花粉的形态特征及其分类学价值,该研究应用扫描电镜技术对国产棒凤仙亚属植物的14种以及凤仙花亚属的窄萼凤仙花的花粉进行了观察。结果表明:棒凤仙亚属的花粉以单粒存在,具3条萌发沟,辐射对称,极面观为三角形或三角状圆形,花粉粒外壁具均匀的网状纹饰,网脊平滑或具波状边缘,网眼中具不同密度的颗粒状突起。棒凤仙亚属的花粉形态与水角属的花粉形态相似,表现出了其原始性;其花粉形态特征与花部形态性状等相关性差,对该亚属的组级分类意义较小,但对于该亚属的种间界定具有重要意义;而其花粉的极面观形状、赤道面观形状以及网状纹饰等变异相对稳定,对于界定该亚属具有重要的分类学价值。 相似文献
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凤仙花属花粉形态及其分类学意义 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文作者首次观察了峨眉山凤仙花属Impatiens 13个野生种的花粉形态,发现3沟和4沟类型
花粉均出现在这一地区。其中3沟花粉与同科另一属水角属Hydrocera的花粉十分相似。同时注意到
花粉形态与其花的形态在某些方面具相关性,结合地理分布和生长习性等特性,得出以下结论:1.凤仙
花属3沟型花粉所指示的植物类群为一自然类群,并与水角属具有较密切的亲缘关系;2.凤仙花属4沟型花粉常具种水平上的差异,对属内类群划分具有系统学意义。 相似文献
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凤仙花属(Impatiens L.)10种植物花粉形态的扫描电镜观察 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用扫描电镜观察了10种凤仙花属(Impatiens L.)植物的花粉形态。结果表明:本属花粉为单粒花粉,呈长圆形至长矩圆形,大小为20.3~46.7 μm,具角萌发孔,网状纹饰,网眼明显;根据花粉网状纹饰中网眼内是否具颗粒状突起可将其分为2类:(1)网眼内无或近无颗粒状突起,黄金凤(I. siculifer)和婺源凤仙花(I. wuyuanensis)的花粉纹饰属于这一类型;(2)网眼内有明显颗粒状突起,其余8个种的花粉纹饰均属于该类型。研究表明,花粉特征,特别是花粉粒网状纹饰中网眼内有无颗粒状突起及颗粒状突起的形态等特征,在凤仙花属内常具种水平上的可见变异,因而可作为种类划分的依据,它们在分类学上的价值应予以关注。 相似文献
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山茶属的花粉形态及其分类学意义 总被引:6,自引:3,他引:6
本文对山茶属(Camellia L.)18个组27个代表种的花粉进行了光学显微镜、扫描电镜和大部分进行了透射电镜的观察,并对花粉大小、形状、外壁纹饰和超微结构等作了综合的比较。结果表明,其形状和大小差异不很明显。花粉壁的层次、厚度和不同层次的比例,如复盖层与柱状层以及外壁外层与外壁内层的比例等也没有显著的差异。但花粉壁的纹饰特征在扫描电镜下显示出较大的差异,具有较重要的分类学价值。根据其纹饰特征,可以把山茶属花粉大致区分为六个类型:皱疣状纹饰;粗瘤状纹饰;颗粒状至皱-颗粒状纹饰;穴-网状纹饰;皱沟状纹饰及皱波-念珠状纹饰。孢粉学上区分的类型不完全与各个学者从植物形态上划分的组相一致。其中管蕊茶 Camellia lanceolata的纹饰非常特殊(粗瘤状),其外壁表面很象牛心果(Annona reticulata)的外形特征,为其重新分类提供孢粉学依据。 相似文献
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利用光学显微镜和扫描电镜观察了伞形科东俄芹属7个种的花粉形态,结果表明:除宜昌东俄芹T.dunnii H.Wolff和城口东俄芹T.silaifolia H.Wolff的花粉为矩形类型外,其它几种的为菱形类型,然而并非都是原始的或典型的菱形,而是处于分化过程中的菱形类型,如纤细东俄芹T.gracilis H.Wolff,东大俄芹T.elata H.Wolff的花粉形态,表现出近菱形、近椭圆形和近矩 相似文献
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杜鹃花属植物花粉形态及其分类学意义 总被引:19,自引:0,他引:19
利用扫描电子显微镜对5个亚属20种杜鹃花属植物的花粉形态进行了观察和比较研究,其中大部分(16种)为首次报道。杜鹃花属花粉均为四合花粉,呈正四面体排列。四合体为圆角三角形,连接紧密。单粒花粉为球形或近球形,具三沟孔。在扫描电镜下,除了杜鹃亚属的百合杜鹃、羊踯躅亚属的羊踯躅以及马银花亚属的马银花组具有明显的纹饰特征之外,其它类群的形态特征相互重叠,不足以作为现有亚属的分类依据。花粉粒具不同的外壁纹饰,可为分类研究提供孢粉学方面的证据,但应慎重应用花粉形态对杜鹃花属植物特定种进行分类鉴定。 相似文献
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胡椒科的某些属之间,花粉形态表现出一定的差异。齐头绒属花粉粒表面粒为平滑,但有小穿孔,略显粗糙。胡椒属的花粉粒表面有不规则的瘤状纹饰,纹饰较为平滑。Lepianthes(Pothomorphe)的花粉粒表面瘤状纹饰不显著。 相似文献
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Chang‐Ying Xia R. Gadagkar Sudhindra Xin‐Lei Zhao Truong Van Do Xiang‐Yun Zhu Ying Qin Hong‐Ping Deng Sheng‐Xiang Yu 《Nordic Journal of Botany》2019,37(8)
Impatiens (Balsaminaceae) is a notoriously difficult genus to study for reasons that include small, remote and endemic areas of occurrence, and difficulty in obtaining well‐dried herbarium specimens and separating and reconstructing floral parts from available dried specimens. Impatiens has also been notoriously difficult when it comes to phylogenetic resolution at the infrageneric level, but a new system with two subgenera (Impatiens and Clavicarpa) was recently proposed by Yu et al. and it has made it easier to classify newly discovered species. Impatiens maculifera, a new species of Balsaminaceae from Malipo County, Yunnan, China described here, is similar to I. parvisepala S.X. Yu & Y.T. Hou in having racemose inflorescences, four lateral sepals, clavate capsules and ellipsoid seeds, but differs in having leaves narrowly oval or with elliptic–lanceolate blades (versus obovate or obovate–lanceolate), obvious petioles (versus leaves subsessile), racemose inflorescence with 8–12 flowers (versus 6–8 flowers), flowers greenish yellow (versus yellow), lateral united petals and lower sepal with dense red spots (versus red spots absent), and dorsal petal with apparent stalk at base (versus unapparent stalk). Morphological characters and molecular phylogenetic analyses of DNA sequences from both nuclear ribosomal and plastid genes show that the new species differs distinctively from I. parvisepala. Furthermore, I. maculifera is distinguished from other Impatiens species based on morphological, micromorphological and palynological evidence, and molecular data. 相似文献
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Lu Ying-Qing 《植物分类学报:英文版》1991,29(4):352-357
Two forms of pollen morphology of Impatiens L. (Balsminaceae) have been described before: 3-colpate and 4-colpate pollen grains. Pollen grains of 13 species of Impatiens
on Mt. Omei were examined under SEM for the first time and both forms were observed
here, which imply the diversity of species in this region. Of the two forms, 3-colpate one is
quite similar to that of the genus Hydrocera Blume (Balsaminaceae) in external morphology.
This relation also exists between the 3-colpate pollen group and Hydrocera in habit, habitat,
and distribution, etc. It is supposed that the group with 3-colpate pollen type is a natural
one, and may have a close relationship with Hydrocera. The pollen morphology is of important significance in classification of the taxa and evaluation of systematic position in the fami-ly balsaminaceae. 相似文献
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由于卢氏凤仙花Impatiens lushiensis Y.L.Chen[=Impatiens heterosepala S.Y.Wang(1988)non J.D.Hook.(1924)]的主模式和副模式全部遗失,在此指定了卢氏凤仙花的新模式。 相似文献
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Ying Qin Chang-ying Xia Xu-dong Yang Pramote Triboun Hoang Thanh Son Xue-xue Wu Zi-xin Pei Sheng-xiang Yu 《Nordic Journal of Botany》2020,38(10)
Impatiens macrantha S. X. Yu&Ying Qin (Balsaminaceae), a new species from Guangxi, China, is described and illustrated. Phylogenetic analysis based on molecular data shows the new species to belong to I. subg. Clavicarpa and to be closely related to I. tubulosa with which it shares succulent stems and racemose inflorescences, but it can be easily distinguished by having a 4 – or 5 – ridged stem, obovate or elliptic leaf blade, and saccate lower sepal. Furthermore, I. macrantha is distinguishable from other Impatiens in China by its obviously larger leaves and flowers. The evidence from morphology and molecular data both support I. macrantha as new to science. 相似文献
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