雷公藤甲素诱导胰腺癌细胞凋亡

目的：观察雷公藤甲素对胰腺癌细胞BxPC-3和PANC-1生长抑制及诱导细胞凋亡作用,探讨雷公藤甲素抗胰腺癌的机制。方法：雷公藤甲素处理BxPC-3和PANC—1细胞后,用M1rr法检测细胞的生长抑制,用流式细胞术检测细胞的凋亡率,用罗丹明123和DCFH—DA染色方法测定细胞线粒体膜跨膜电位变化和活性氧（ROS）的产生,用Western印迹检测Bcl-2、Bax蛋白表达的变化。结果：雷公藤甲素对胰腺癌细胞BxPC-3和PANC—1具有生长抑制和诱导细胞凋亡的作用,且呈时间和剂量依赖关系;处理72h后,胰腺癌细胞线粒体跨膜电位明显下降,Bax表达上调,Bcl-2表达下降。结论：雷公藤甲素能有效抑制胰腺癌细胞增殖,通过增强线粒体通透性诱导细胞凋亡。     

不同采收期雷公藤甲素测定及其动态积累

采用HPLC法测定不同采收期雷公藤根、茎、叶的主要活性成分雷公藤甲素含量,掌握雷公藤甲素的动态积累。结果表明,雷公藤甲素浓度在7.75～250 μg·mL^-1范围内线性关系良好(R²=0.9997),雷公藤加样回收率为99.21%,RSD值为1.578%,该方法回收率较好。雷公藤甲素的含量在不同生长期、不同部位存在一定差异,不同部位甲素含量由高到低依次为叶、根、茎,雷公藤叶片具有资源开发利用潜力。7～8月采收的雷公藤叶片甲素含量最高,11～12月雷公藤根部甲素含量达最高。雷公藤不同器官均具有较高的药用价值,研究结果为雷公藤人工采收、质量评价和资源开发提供一定的科学依据。     

细胞自噬参与雷公藤甲素诱导的肝细胞损伤

目的:观察雷公藤甲素引起急性肝损伤时肝细胞自噬的情况。方法:采用LC3-GFP质粒尾静脉高压注射的方法在体监测雷公藤甲素诱导肝细胞自噬的发生;用腺病毒双荧光载体m RFP-GFP-LC3感染体外培养的HepG2细胞,通过激光共聚焦显微镜和蛋白印记的方法检测细胞自噬流的强度。结果:小鼠腹腔注射雷公藤甲素(0.25 mg/kg和0.5 mg/kg)24小时,血清中ALT和AST水平均显著升高;肝组织病理结果显示肝细胞肿胀、空泡化及坏死;激光共聚焦显微镜下可检测到LC3-GFP质粒表达所呈现的绿色荧光;离体细胞实验结果证实雷公藤甲素可诱导肝细胞发生自噬流,且表现为一定程度的剂量、时间依赖性。结论:雷公藤甲素可引发急性肝损伤并伴随明显的细胞自噬。     

雷公藤研究进展

雷公藤具有抗炎、抗免疫、抗肿瘤等多种药理活性,现在临床上广泛用于治疗类风湿性关节炎、红斑狼疮和慢性肾炎等自身免疫性疾病.其化学成分复杂,主要包括生物碱、二萜、三萜、神经酰胺等结构类型.本文就近年来雷公藤属植物雷公藤的化学成分和药理作用研究进展作一综述.     

雷公藤粗提物毒力测定及甲素含量分析

以无水乙醇为溶剂从雷公藤根皮中提取有效成分,用高效液相色谱法分析雷公藤粗提物中甲索含量,并将雷公藤粗提物配成5％的乳油,用浸叶法和药膜法测定小菜蛾二龄幼虫、烟粉虱成虫以及无翅成蚜的室内毒力,并以几种杀虫剂作为对比。结果表明：该批雷公藤粗提物中甲素含量为0．0012％;5％雷公藤粗提物乳油对小菜蛾二龄幼虫、烟粉虱成虫以及无翅成蚜具有一定的生物活性,但与其他几种常用杀虫剂相比活性较低,还需对其进一步精制和提纯。     

雷公藤粗提物毒力测定及甲素含量分析

以无水乙醇为溶剂从雷公藤根皮中提取有效成分,用高效液相色谱法分析雷公藤粗提物中甲素含量,并将雷公藤粗提物配成5%的乳油,用浸叶法和药膜法测定小菜蛾二龄幼虫、烟粉虱成虫以及无翅成蚜的室内毒力,并以几种杀虫剂作为对比.结果表明:该批雷公藤粗提物中甲素含量为0.0012%;5%雷公藤粗提物乳油对小菜蛾二龄幼虫、烟粉虱成虫以及无翅成蚜具有一定的生物活性,但与其他几种常用杀虫剂相比活性较低,还需对其进一步精制和提纯.     

雷公藤甲素诱导小鼠急性肝损伤的形态学研究

目的:观察雷公藤甲素诱导小鼠急性肝损伤的形态学特征,为进一步研究雷公藤甲素肝毒性的病理特点和毒理机制提供基础。方法:昆明种小鼠以雷公藤甲素LD50剂量(0.8 mg/kg)水溶液灌胃,分别于给药12 h及24 h后取肝组织,制备石蜡切片、冰冻切片,行常规HE染色、PCNA染色、TUNEL染色及光镜观察。部分肝组织经戊二醛固定、制备超薄切片,行透射电镜下观察。PCNA及TUNEL染色结果采用图像分析软件进行定量分析及统计学处理。结果:0.8 mg/kg雷公藤甲素灌胃后12 h即可诱导肝组织炎细胞浸润、结构破坏、肝细胞坏死及代偿性增生。透射电镜下可见肝细胞内细胞骨架结构异常、细胞器大量脱落、自噬体明显增多。PCNA及TUNEL染色结果表明,雷公藤甲素可诱导肝细胞出现显著的增殖及凋亡。结论:雷公藤甲素可诱导肝组织炎性反应发生,同时伴随肝细胞凋亡、坏死及代偿性增生。推测肝细胞自噬性凋亡是雷公藤甲素诱导急性肝损伤的关键病理环节。     

雷公藤内生细菌的促生作用及其对雷公藤甲素生成的影响

从健康雷公藤植株体内分离得到23株内生细菌,对其有益生物学特征及对小麦萌发能力的影响进行评价,得出3株益生效果显著的内生细菌.这3株内生细菌均能产生植物生长素和铁载体,其中LG3、LJ10具有溶磷特性,LG3、LY4具有固氮功能并同时具有1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸脱氨酶(ACC脱氨酶)活性.经细菌16S rDNA序列鉴定及同源性分析发现,LG3、LY4属于肠杆菌属,LJ10属于泛菌属.回接试验表明,3株内生细菌不但能够促进雷公藤植株的生长,还能显著提高不同器官内雷公藤甲素的含量.     

雷公藤甲素诱导HeLa细胞p53依赖的自噬和凋亡

自噬与凋亡被认为是细胞程序性死亡的两种重要途径,二者的交互联系对阐明药物的抗肿瘤机理有重要价值.众多的研究表明,雷公藤甲素对多种肿瘤细胞都具有显著的抑制作用.细胞凋亡与自噬可被相同的因素所诱导,p53蛋白可以同时对二者起调控作用,在自噬与凋亡的交互作用(crosstalk)中扮演着重要角色.本文以He La细胞为模型,研究雷公藤甲素诱导He La细胞发生自噬和凋亡的机制,并通过抑制p53依赖的转录,研究雷公藤甲素诱导He La细胞p53依赖的自噬和凋亡交互联系.     

雷公藤内生细菌的促生作用及其对雷公藤甲素生成的影响

从健康雷公藤植株体内分离得到23株内生细菌,对其有益生物学特征及对小麦萌发能力的影响进行评价,得出3株益生效果显著的内生细菌.这3株内生细菌均能产生植物生长素和铁载体,其中LG3、LJ10具有溶磷特性,LG3、LY4具有固氮功能并同时具有1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸脱氨酶(ACC脱氨酶)活性.经细菌16S rDNA序列鉴定及同源性分析发现, LG3、LY4属于肠杆菌属,LJ10属于泛菌属.回接试验表明,3株内生细菌不但能够促进雷公藤植株的生长,还能显著提高不同器官内雷公藤甲素的含量.
     

栀子主要成分的提取工艺及药理研究进展

本文对栀子的产地、品种、主要化学成分及其药理活性做了系统的介绍,并对国内、外栀子的研究开发现状进行了对比,阐述了栀子中栀子黄色素和栀子甙等主要成分的生产工艺,为栀子的进一步深度利用开发提供参考。     

植物内生菌研究新进展

虽然早在 10 0多年前人们就已发现在健康植物组织的内部也有微生物存在,这类微生物在文献中后来被称为植物内生菌（ｅｎｄｏｐｈｙｔｅ）,但由于内生菌生活在没有外在感染症状的健康植物组织内部,其存在和作用长期以来一直为人们所忽视。自 2 0世纪 30年代发现造成畜牧业重大损失的牲畜中毒是由于食用了感染内生真菌的牧草,内生菌的研究才得以广泛深入地开展起来［1］。植物内生菌几乎存在于所有目前已研究过的植物中,分布广,种类多。研究表明,感染内生菌的植物宿主往往具有生长快速、抗逆境、抗病害、抗动物危害等优势,比未感染植…     

Triptolide improves spinal cord injury by promoting autophagy and inhibiting apoptosis

We investigated the effect of triptolide (TP) on spinal cord injury (SCI), and its underlying mechanism. Following the establishment of the SCI model using YFP H‐line transgenic mice, TP was intraperitoneally injected at a dose of 0.2 mg/kg once daily for 7 days. Behavioral tests, Nissl staining, and hematoxylin–eosin staining were employed to assess motor function recovery and neuronal cell death. Western blot and immunofluorescence staining were used to assess autophagy‐associated proteins (LC3B, p62, Beclin‐1) and the apoptosis‐associated proteins (Bcl‐2, caspase‐3, Bax). The TP‐treated group showed improved motor functions, and reduced neuronal cell death. Also, significant upregulation of Bcl‐2 and LC3B expressions, with the downregulation of p62, Bax and caspase‐3 expressions were found in the TP‐treated group. Additionally, phosphorylation of extracellular signal‐regulated protein kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1 and ERK2) was decreased in the TP‐treated group. TP mediates its protective effect in SCI by promoting the autophagic pathway while inhibiting the MAPK/ERK1/2 signaling pathway. These results demonstrate the therapeutic potential of TP in SCI.     

菠萝蜜研究概述(综述)

从植物形态及资源、生物学特性及繁殖、营养及药理、开发利用等方面对菠萝蜜的研究进行综述,旨在推动我国热带、亚热带地区菠萝蜜的发展。     

抗癌抗生素格尔德霉素衍生物17AAG的研究进展

格尔德霉素是一种苯醌安莎霉素类抗生素,有极强的抗肿瘤活性,其衍生物 17AAG (17- 丙烯胺 -17- 去甲氧基格尔德霉素 ) 是 格尔德霉素的 17 位甲氧基被烯丙胺基取代所得,与格尔德霉素相比,其毒性更低,抗癌活性更高。综述 17AAG 的作用机制、治疗应用、 药代动力学、毒性等研究进展。     

Recent Advances in Bryological Research

In the last two decades, all the branch fields of bryology, with classical taxonomy gradually developing into multidisciplinecourses, have witnessed a great progress. The author is attempting to give a brief view of bryology in the following five paragraphs. The first part introduces the fundamental characteristics of bryology in the recent decades. Publication of “New Manual of Bryology” Vol. I and II, edited by Schuster(1983-1984) , marked a new epoch of bryology. A series of books, “The Biology of Mosses” (Richardson, 1981), the “New Advances in Bryology “and the other bryological publications showed that bryologists were working not only on bryofloras in different regions of the world, but also deeply engaged in the micro-view fields of bryology. Evidently, the world bryological researches have entered a prosperous period. The second part gives some recent examples of investigations on taxonomy, morphology, cytology, paleobotany, ecology, reproductive biology and ecological physiology of bryophytes. In discussing the tendency of the future research, the author emphasizes that systematic and evolutionary botany of bryophytes is one of the main subjects .Following the increase of taxa, the development of chemotaxonomy, cytology, numerical taxonomy etc.will reveal the relationships between orders, families or infrafamiliar groups. However, the main problem in this respect is lacking of key fossil records of bryophytes. On the other hand, the monographs increase steadily, and they are helpful in correcting some previously reported disjunct distribution of species and distribution of regional new species. Plant geography of bryophytes can also be used for explaining the continental drift (Schuster 1969, 1972).Moss indicators, which are more sensitive than vascular plants, have been noticed. The traditional utilization of mosses will be continuous. Chinese bryology has been greatly improved in the past half a century, and about a hundred papers involving taxonomy, phytogeography, phytocoenology, morphology, cytology, numerical taxonomy and applied bryology, were published in last two decades. In China, the foundation of taxonomy of bryophytes is developing, although we already have several bryological research centers. It seems to me that too many new taxa have been described, while no sufficient attention has been paid on studies on relationships and evolution of bryophytes. Due to identification of bryophytes, hryofloras between some neighbouring regions are not comparable. Fossils of bryophytes are usually treated as the “unknown kind of plants”, so we lack the geological evidence of bryophytes. We are facing the problem in training a new generation of bryologists due to the limited funds. Finally, some suggestions are made for Chinese bryology. The ways for seeking the origin of bryophytes will be: l.Searching for primitive groups of bryophytes.2.Comprehensive studies on key genera and species.3.Expeditions to the unknown native localities of special groups of bryophytes. Further studies on the bryoflora and phytogeography are necessary in China. Studies on the distribution centers of genera endemic to China and East Asiatic endemic genera in China will provide some pieces of evidence on the origin oe the Chinese bryoflora. New records of macrofossils and microfossils of bryophytes will help to break the “neck of bottle “ of the above-mentioned problems. Experimental projects are almost unknown in China. lt is very important, therefore, to encourage people to work on them for original data on phylogeny and origin of bryophytes, although it will be a long-term task inChina.     

雷公藤内酯醇干预肾脏疾病的研究进展

雷公藤的提取物在中国被用于治疗肾小球肾炎已经有30年的历史。雷公藤提取物的主要活性成分雷公藤内酯醇具有免疫抑制和抗炎的特性,然而,毒性作用限制了其临床应用。深入研究雷公藤内酯醇的药理机制,将有助于其临床应用和降低毒副反应。对国内外关于雷公藤内酯醇对肾脏影响的研究成果进行了综述。