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肥胖及血脂异常研究很少涉及低收入地区。本研究分析了新疆低收入地区维吾尔族农民体质指数(BMI)、超重及肥胖与多种血脂分子异常的关系,探讨贫困地区筛查高危人群的适宜策略。在新疆喀什农村对3 286名年龄≥18岁个体(男1 585人,女1 701人) 进行问卷检查、体格检查及多项血脂分子的检测。数据采用Pearson相关性、ROC、Logistic回归等统计学分析。结果显示,在男女性中,随着BMI的增加,甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDLC)的血浓度呈现递增趋势(P<0.01);男/女性TG、LDLC、TC血浓度均与BMI有显著相关性(P<0.01)。单项或多项血脂异常率均随BMI增加而上升;同一个体2个血脂指标同时异常的高危组合分别是TG+HDLC(高密度脂蛋白胆固醇)和TC+TG。Logistic联合多变量ROC曲线分析表明, 单项指标HDLC(AUC=089)在血脂异常诊断中的权重最高;而组合指标TG+HDLC(AUC=095)的权重高于其它任何组合。单因素Logistic回归分析发现,超重和肥胖是代谢综合征相关血脂指标TG、TC和HDLC异常的危险因素(P<0.05)。上述结果表明,在南疆农村贫困维吾尔族人群中,男女性超重与肥胖者均与血脂指标异常升高相关;HDLC、TG和 TC 任意两个指标同时异常,为血脂异常的高危状态。肥胖伴有“TG+HDLC”异常升高可能是血脂异常相关疾病的“集合危险因素”,在贫困地区具有临床筛查参考价值。 相似文献
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利用中国健康和营养调查数据和多元回归模型,以身体质量指数(BMI)衡量肥胖程度,从是否饮茶和饮茶量两个方面定量分析饮茶与不同肥胖程度中国成年居民肥胖的相关性。结果显示:是否饮茶与中国成年肥胖者的BMI指数具有显著的负相关,相关系数达到-0.769;饮茶量与中国成年超重者的BMI指数具有显著的负相关,相关系数达到-0.02。基于大样本数据的分析显示:茶叶的减肥功效针对部分消费者有效。从公共健康和减肥视角推动国内茶叶消费的政策,需要考虑茶叶消费的二阶段和饮茶居民的多元化,以采取针对性的政策建议。 相似文献
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目的:研究新疆和田地区维吾尔族Ⅱ型糖尿痛(T2DM)患者与正常人群体重指数(BMI)、腰臀比(WHR)等体表测量指标的差异并探讨体重指数、腰臀比与T2DM的关系.方法:采用随机抽样的方法抽取符合实验条件的新疆和田地区维吾尔族常住居民,其中T2DM患者105名作为病例组,112名健康体检者作为对照组,开展问卷调查并进行体格检查及血糖检查.结果:T2DM患者的年龄、腰围、体重、身高、BMI、WHR,均明显高于对照组;T2DM组BMI1、BMI2、BMI3,WHR1、WHR2均明显高于对照组;BMI1、WHR1、WHR2组的T2DM患病率均明显高于时照组.结论:T2DM患者年龄、腰围、体重、身高、BMI、WHR可能均是T2DM的危险因素. 相似文献
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牙齿是古代样本中最易保存下来的材料之一,因此在人类学研究中具有极为重要的价值.通过比较牙齿形态特征在群体中的频率,可揭示群体间的进化关系;而在个体层面上的遗传学研究,则可进一步揭示牙齿特征的形成机制和进化意义.本研究通过分析中国新疆维吾尔族242个个体的38项牙齿形态特征,首先确认了新疆维吾尔族的牙齿形态特征表现为欧洲群体与东亚群体的混合性状,其混合程度与群体遗传学研究结果一致.其次,通过对各项牙齿形态特征进行两两相关分析,在相关性矩阵中发现3个主要表型模块,各模块分别代表相关性较高的牙齿形态特征.其中,铲形门齿、双铲形门齿及上颌犬齿近中嵴组成了一个主要模块.最后,本研究发现遗传变异EDARV370A与上述表型模块中的牙齿形态特征均呈显著相关.对该表型模块提取复合表型因子后,EDARV370A与该复合表型因子具有显著的关联性,并可以解释18%的表型变异度.说明同一遗传因素同时影响了多项牙齿形态特征.本研究结果进一步证实了3万年前在东亚出现的遗传变异EDARV370A是产生铲形门齿这一特征的重要因素.说明东亚现代人群所具有的铲形门齿特征可能是更新世晚期以后进化的产物. 相似文献
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目的:研究DXS101位点在中国新疆维吾尔族群体中的遗传结构分布特征。方法:采用PCR扩增,变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳结合银染显带技术,检测100名(女42,男58)维吾尔族无关个体DXS101位点等位基因及基因型频率分布。结果:在女性样本中,DXS101位点检出9种等位基因和17种基因型;在男性样本中,DXS101位点检出7种等位基因。该位点在女性中的个体识别率为0.8937,多态信息量为0.8072,杂合度为0.8156,在男性中的个体识别率为0.6674。结论:群体遗传多态性指标显示DXS101位点在新疆维吾尔族群体中具有较高多态性,在维吾尔族群体法医学个体识别、亲权鉴定及群体遗传学研究中有重要应用价值。 相似文献
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目的:研究DXS101位点在中国新疆维吾尔族群体中的遗传结构分布特征。方法:采用PCR扩增,变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳结合银染显带技术,检测100名(女42,男58)维吾尔族无关个体DXS101位点等位基因及基因型频率分布。结果:在女性样本中,DXS101位点检出9种等位基因和17种基因型;在男性样本中,DXS101位点检出7种等位基因:该位点在女性中的个体识别率为0.8937,多态信息量为0.8072,杂合度为0.8156,在男性中的个体识别率为0.6674。结论:群体遗传多态性指标显示DXS101位点在新疆维吾尔族群体中具有较高多态性,在维吾尔族群体法医学个体识别、亲权鉴定及群体遗传学研究中有重要应用价值。 相似文献
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已有研究表明,绿地与周边人群超重和肥胖风险存在潜在关联,然而其具体效应有待测定。采用Meta分析(meta-analysis)方法对69篇绿地与居民超重肥胖关系的研究结果进行统计分析,并探究了不同研究设计、绿地指标、样本年龄和不同尺度地理分析单元等亚组的研究结果差异,发现:(1)总体上,绿地与居民超重或肥胖风险、身体质量指数(body mass index, BMI)和腰围呈负相关关系,但不同研究设计类型(横截面研究和队列研究)之间的研究结果具有较大差异。(2)对于不同的绿地指标,其与居民超重肥胖的关系也存在一定差异。(3)相较于儿童和青少年,绿地与成年人超重肥胖的关联性更显著。(4)两者之间的关系具有明显的尺度效应。Meta分析结果显示,绿地与居民超重肥胖关系在各亚组中存在混杂,意味着它们的关系可能更加复杂,这对未来研究起到一定启示作用:应增加纵向研究以更深入探讨两者之间的因果关系和作用机理;构建完善的绿地测度指标体系,考虑多尺度地理分析单元的影响差异;同时,不应忽视来自样本多方面混杂因素的影响,从而使未来相关领域研究得出更明晰的结论,为城市绿地系统规划及相关政策制定提供科学依据。 相似文献
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新疆不同地区维吾尔族眼部特征多态性研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在新疆维吾尔自治区内,不同地区的维吾尔族呈现不同颜色的眼色,以黑褐色为主,平均出现率为90.45%;各类浅颜色眼色(天蓝色、灰色、浅绿色、浅黄色)均有一定的出现率,平均出现率为9.55%.从东部(哈密地区)到西部(喀什地区),浅颜色眼色出现率逐渐增加.维吾尔族眉毛生长发育较好,有较高的连眉发生率,从东部到西部眉毛生长逐渐浓密,连眉发生率逐渐增加.上眼睑皱褶表型频率较高,平均62.07%,从东部到西部逐渐下降.内眦褶表型频率平均48.63%,从东部到西部逐渐减少.维吾尔族的眼部特征具有明显的本民族特点,各项指标均介于北亚蒙古人种和欧罗巴人种之间.不同地区的维吾尔族眼部特征表现出一定的差异,并呈从东部到西部逐渐变化的趋势.维吾尔族所表现出的眼部特征与近现代维吾尔族形成的人种构成和演化过程相吻合. 相似文献
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妊娠期肥胖发生率在世界范围内呈上升趋势,成为影响人类健康的公共卫生问题。肥胖母亲肠道菌群失调导致婴儿早期定植菌群异常,而婴儿早期菌群定植情况与其日后生长发育密切相关,容易导致成年后出现肥胖、胰岛素抵抗、代谢综合征等疾病。因此针对肥胖孕妇肠道菌群分析,以及婴儿肠道菌群及生长发育的分析,对于孕妇孕期管理、健康宣教提高国民整体身体素质具有重要意义。 相似文献
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David B. Allison Myles S. Faith Moonseong Heo Diana Townsend-Butterworth David F. Williamson 《Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.)》1999,7(4):342-354
ALLISON, DAVID B., MYLES S. FAITH, MOONSEONG HEO, DIANA TOWNSEND-BUTTERWORTH, AND DAVID F. WILLIAMSON. Meta-analysis of the effect of excluding early deaths on the estimated relationship between body mass index and mortality. Obes Res. Objectives: Prospective cohort studies typically observe U-or J-shaped relationships between body mass index (BMI) (kg/m2) and mortality. However, some studies suggest that the elevated mortality at lower BMIs is due to confounding by pre-existing occult disease and recommend eliminating subjects who die during the first several (k) years of follow-up. This meta-analysis tests the effects of such early death exclusion on the BMI-mortality association. Research Methods and Procedures: Studies identified from MEDLINE, review articles, ancestry analyses, and the “invisible college.” Included studies: 1) measured relative body weight at baseline; 2) inchded at least 1000 subjects; 3) reported results with and without early-death exclusion, or relevant data; and 4) did not study exclusively diseased populations. Blank tables were mailed to 131 investigators covering 59 databases. Completed tables (n = 16 databases), electronic raw data (n = 7 databases), and original articles (n = 6 databases) provided final data. Meta-analytic regressions compared the BMI-mortality association with and without early death exclusion. The sample included 29 studies and 1,954,345 subjects. Results: The effect of eliminating early deaths was statistically significant but minuscule in magnitude. Implementation of early death exclusion was estimated to shift the BMI associated with minimum mortality only 0. 4 units for men and 0. 6 units for women at age 50. Even at a BMI 16, the estimated relative risk (compared to BMI 25) decreased only 0. 008 units for men and 0. 076 units for women at age 50. Discussion: Results indicate that either pre-existing disease does not confound the BMI—mortality association or eliminating early deaths is inefficient for reducing that confounding. 相似文献
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We examine the effect of food prices on clinical measures of obesity, including body mass index (BMI) and percentage body fat (PBF) measures derived from bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), among youths ages 12 through 18 in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. This is the first study to consider clinically measured levels of body composition rather than BMI to investigate the effects of food prices on obesity outcomes among youths classified by gender and race/ethnicity. Our findings suggest that increases in the real price per calorie of food for home consumption and the real price of fast-food restaurant food lead to improvements in obesity outcomes among youths. We also find that a rise in the real price of fruits and vegetables leads to increased obesity. Finally, our results indicate that measures of PBF derived from BIA and DXA are no less sensitive and in some cases more sensitive to the prices just mentioned than BMI, and serve an important role in demonstrating that rising food prices (except fruit and vegetable prices) are indeed associated with reductions in obesity rather than with reductions in body size proportions alone. 相似文献
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John J. Reilly 《Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.)》2002,10(8):838-840
Assessing body mass index in children requires cutoffs that are different from those for adults. The aim of this review is to summarize the evidence base, rationale, and practical issues that should inform decisions about the use of national and international reference data for assessing obesity in children. In many countries, decisions are being made without consideration of the existing evidence, and with limited understanding of the practical problems or potential harm that may arise. 相似文献
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Catherine E. Merritt 《American journal of physical anthropology》2015,156(1):35-57
Accurate age estimations are essential to archaeological and forensic analyses. However, reliability for adult skeletal age estimations is poor, especially for individuals over the age of 40 years. This is the first study to show that body size influences skeletal age estimation. The ??can et al., Lovejoy et al., Buckberry and Chamberlain, and Suchey‐Brooks age methods were tested on 764 adult skeletons from the Hamann‐Todd and William Bass Collections. Statures ranged from 1.30 to 1.93 m and body masses ranged from 24.0 to 99.8 kg. Transition analysis was used to evaluate the differences in the age estimations. For all four methods, the smallest individuals have the lowest ages at transition and the largest individuals have the highest ages at transition. Short and light individuals are consistently underaged, while tall and heavy individuals are consistently overaged. When femoral length and femoral head diameter are compared with the log‐age model, results show the same trend as the known stature and body mass measurements. The skeletal remains of underweight individuals have fewer age markers while those of obese individuals have increased surface degeneration and osteophytic lipping. Tissue type and mechanical loading have been shown to affect bone turnover rates, and may explain the differing patterns of skeletal aging. From an archaeological perspective, the underaging of light, short individuals suggests the need to revisit the current research consensus on the young mortality rates of past populations. From a forensic perspective, understanding the influence of body size will impact efforts to identify victims of mass disasters, genocides, and homicides. Am J Phys Anthropol 156:35–57, 2015 © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
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Prior work suggests that body size and fat content may influence carcinogen-DNA adduct levels measured in white blood cells. Here we consider energy balance more broadly by assessing the impact of body mass index (BMI), physical activity and calorie intake on the presence of benzo[a]pyrene-DNA (BP-DNA) adducts in white blood cell DNA. Our cross-sectional study employed subjects from a separately conducted intervention trial. Physical activity and food intake data were collected at 12 and 15 months of follow-up, respectively. BP-DNA adducts were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in white blood cell samples collected at 12 months of follow-up. Complete data on all variables were available from 143 subjects. Logistic regression showed that BMI was inversely associated with the presence of detectable adducts (OR = 0.90, p=0.02), and that hours of moderate-intensity physical activity were positively associated with the presence of detectable adducts (OR = 1.04, p=0.04). These results provide further evidence that body fat content influences carcinogen-DNA adduct levels, probably by altering the distribution of the lipophilic parent compound. 相似文献
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Prior work suggests that body size and fat content may influence carcinogen-DNA adduct levels measured in white blood cells. Here we consider energy balance more broadly by assessing the impact of body mass index (BMI), physical activity and calorie intake on the presence of benzo[a]pyrene-DNA (BP-DNA) adducts in white blood cell DNA. Our cross-sectional study employed subjects from a separately conducted intervention trial. Physical activity and food intake data were collected at 12 and 15 months of follow-up, respectively. BP-DNA adducts were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in white blood cell samples collected at 12 months of follow-up. Complete data on all variables were available from 143 subjects. Logistic regression showed that BMI was inversely associated with the presence of detectable adducts (OR = 0.90, p=0.02), and that hours of moderate-intensity physical activity were positively associated with the presence of detectable adducts (OR = 1.04, p=0.04). These results provide further evidence that body fat content influences carcinogen-DNA adduct levels, probably by altering the distribution of the lipophilic parent compound. 相似文献
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