亚热带丘陵茶园间作白三叶草的生态效应

在亚热带丘陵区1a生幼龄茶园通过连续4a的大田对比试验,研究了茶园间作白三叶草的生态效应,结果发现：茶园间作白三叶草降低了土壤容重,提高了土壤孔隙度、有机质、全N、水解N的含量、K的活性、蚯蚓的数量和生物量,消耗了部分有效P;增加了土壤关键层次（0—20cm）和关键时期（4～6月）的水分含量,延缓和缩短了夏季高温干旱与秋季持续干旱时间;获得了土壤降温时增温、保温与升温时降温的双向动态调控效果,增加了同一层次土壤温度的稳定性,延缓了高温和低温的出现时间,缩短了过度高温时间,减少了高温对茶树生长产生的影响;抑制了杂草生长,增加了天敌的种类和种群数量,减少了虫害发生率。从而形成了立地环境．茶树．伴生生物群落系统自我调节的动态平衡,促进了茶树生长,改善了茶叶品质,显著增加了茶叶产量。与清耕茶园相比,茶园间作白三叶草后,春秋茶的酚氨比分别下降了17．10％和30．90％,产量提高了32．65％。     

伊克昭盟项目区水土保持的生态效益

根据对伊克昭盟世行项目区的监测数据,分析了项目实施后水土保持的生态效益。结果表明,项目实施后,改善了土壤的理化性质,增加了土壤肥力;同时,提高了当地的林草植被覆盖度,改善了局地气候,促进了生物多样性的恢复和保护。     

亚热带丘陵茶园间作白三叶的土壤环境调控效果

在亚热带丘陵区1年生幼龄茶园通过连续4年间作白三叶大田试验,研究了其对茶园土壤环境及茶叶品质、产量的影响,结果表明,茶园间作白三叶降低了土壤容重,提高了土壤孔隙度、有机质、全氮、水解氮的含量及钾的活性,消耗了部分有效磷;增加了土壤关键层次（0～20cm）和关键时期（4～6月）的水分含量,延缓和缩短了夏季高温干旱与秋季持续干旱时间;获得了土壤降温时增温、保温与升温时降温的双向动态调控效果．增加了同一层次土壤温度的稳定性,延缓了高温和低温的出现时间,缩短了过度高温时间。从而促进了茶树生长,改善了茶叶品质,显著增加了茶叶产量。与清耕茶园相比,茶园间作白三叶后,春秋茶的酚氨比分别下降了17．10％和30．90％,产量提高了32.65％。     

花菇的冷冻干燥技术研究

实验研究用板层导热法研究了花菇的冻干特性,获得了新鲜花菇的冻干曲线,分析了花菇冻干过程,测定和比较了新鲜花菇和冻干花菇的营养成份。证实试验机的适应性并确定了花菇的冻干工艺,为工业生产提供了理论依据和参考价值。     

华北落叶松鞘蛾和兴安落叶松鞘蛾形态学研究与再描述（鳞翅目：鞘蛾科）

对华北落叶松鞘蛾和兴安落叶松鞘蛾的形态特征进行了研究,与容易混淆的欧洲落叶松鞘蛾进行了比较。更正了兴安落叶松鞘蛾的学名,肯定了华北落叶松鞘蛾的分类学地位,并进行了重新描述。文中提供了以上3种落叶松鞘蛾的成虫、雌雄外生殖器等特征图,给出了它们的区别要点。     

转基因鸡的制备方法探讨

由于鸡本身的众多优点,转基因鸡的研究逐渐受到了研究者的重视,简要介绍了转基因鸡的发展史,对各种转基因技术方法进行了比较和分析,提出了每种方法的优缺点,尤其在精子介导法上作了较为详细的论述,并展望了转基因鸡的应用前景。     

远程教育培训给生物教学带来新的生机

远程教育培训给生物教学带来新的生机。夯实了专业知识,梳理了生物知识,使我认识到应该如何把握生物课堂教学,提高了课堂教学设计能力,凝聚了生物教师的力量,使老师们学到了很多知识和教学技能,解决了平时教学中的一些难题,提升了生物的教学水平。     

合理施肥对银杏园土壤肥力和酶活性的影响

首次研究合理施肥对银杏园土壤肥力和酶活性的影响,结果表明合理施肥,改善了土壤理化性状,显著地提高了土壤肥力和土壤酶的活性;从而培育了银杏发达的根群,促进了树体的生长。增加了银杏鲜根重和百叶鲜重,减少了银杏黄化株率,提高了银杏挂果株率及种核的产量和品质。     

上海市细胞生物学学会1986年年会召开

上海市细胞生物学学会于1986年12月26日至27日在上海召开了年会。26日上午举行了年会开幕式,会上由庄孝僡理事长致开幕词,胡兆庆秘书长作了学会的工作报告。大会并邀请了细胞生物学研究所王亚辉所长作了细胞生物学的趋向和发展战略的报告。有150余人参加了会议。26日下午和27日上午进行了分组论文报告,共报告了64篇论文,年会显示了近年来上海市细胞生物学研究取得的成就。会议期间还邀请了下述同志作了小组专题报告。庄孝僡:关于中胚层的决定和分化的问题;顾国彦:胞质分裂时蛙卵表面运动;鲍璿:体外培养神     

降脂红曲的菌学性质及化学成分的分析

本文对No.4降脂红曲的生理特性进行了分析,测定了其一般的化学成分,将No.4红曲米的色调和色价与其它红曲米进行了对比,确定了该红曲的最适培养条件,制定了No.4红曲米的质量标准,并验证了它可作为糖化酶的生产菌。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.