一株茄病镰刀菌的代谢产物研究

一株茄病镰刀菌（Fusarium solani）固体发酵培养物经柱层析分离得到10个化合物。通过波谱分析,分别鉴定为对羟基苯甲酸甲酯（1）、水杨酸甲酯（2）、水杨酸戊酯（3）、香草乙酮（4）、草夹竹桃苷（5）、2-甲氧基-4-乙烯苯基-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（6）、1-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(2S,3R,8E)-2-[(2R)-2-hydroxylpalmitoylamino]-8-octadecene-1,3-diol（7）、1-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(2S,3R,4E,8E)-2-[(2R)-2-hydroxyhexadecanoylaino]-8-octadecene -1,3-diol （8）、脑苷脂D（9）和脑苷脂C（10）。所有化合物均为首次从茄病镰刀菌中分离得到,其中化合物6首次作为天然产物报道。     

朗德鹅胆汁的化学成分及金属蛋白酶抑制活性研究

应用多种色谱技术进行分离纯化,从朗德鹅胆汁85％乙醇提取物中分离得到6个化合物。经理化性质和光谱数据分析鉴定为苯乙酸（1）、鹅去氧胆酸（2）、鹅去氧胆酸乙酯（3）、棕榈酸-α-单甘油酯（4）、顺-6-十八碳烯酸（5）、（4E）-2-[2＇-hydroxyhexadecanoylamino]-4-octadecane-1,3-diol（6）。化合物1、3、4和6为首次从该属动物胆汁中分得,其中化合物6为首次从陆生动物胆汁中分得的一种神经酰胺类成分。首次对化合物2、4和5进行抑制金属蛋白酶活性的实验,评价了三个化合物的生物活性。     

元谋栽培印楝枝叶化学成分研究

从元谋栽培印楝Azadirachta indica的枝叶中分离得到15个化合物,结构类型有三萜、倍半萜、甾体等。经波谱解析鉴定为nimbin（1）,6-deacetylnimbin（2）,6-deacetylnimbinene（3）,nimbinene（4）,azadiradi-one（5）,7-acetoxy-elema-1,3-dien-8-ol（6）,1-naphthalenone（7）,acarusnol（8）,colvane-2β,9α-diol（9）,乌苏酸（10）,马斯里酸（11）,2α-羟基乌苏酸（12）,猕猴桃酸B（13）,2α,3α,4β-trihydroxypregnan-16-one（14）,2β,3β,4β-trihydroxypregnan-16-one（15）。化合物6～15为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

地锦草脂溶性成分研究

采用硅胶柱层析的方法,从地锦草（Euphorbia humifusa Wild．）中分离得到5个化合物,经理化鉴别及波谱分析,鉴定为羽扇豆醇（1upeol,1）．cycloart-23E-en-3β,25-diol（2）．cycloart-23E-en-3β,25-diol（3）、cycloart-25-ene-3β,24-diol（4）、正十六碳酸α-甘油酯（1-glycerin hexadecylate,5）。化合物1～5均为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

瑞香狼毒化学成分的研究北大核心CSCD

采用硅胶、反相RP．18、SephadexLH-20凝胶和制备HPLC色谱技术对瑞香狼毒（StellerachamaejasmeL．）根的化学成分进行分离和纯化。通过核磁、质谱等方法鉴定了其中18个化合物：去甲络石苷元（1）,异落叶松脂素（2）,（＋）-开环异落叶松树脂酚（3）,豆甾4．烯-3,6-二酮（4）,rel-（-）-（3R,3’R,4R,4’R）-6,6＇-dimethoxy-[3,3＇-blchroman]-4,4＇-diol（5）,methyl3-（2-hydroxy-4-（（7-hydmxy-6-methoxy-2-oxo-2H—ehromen-3-y1）oxy）phen-y1）pmpanoate（6）,狼毒素A（7）,异狼毒素B（8）,狼毒素B（9）,雁皮素A（10）,异雁皮素A（11）,狼毒色原酮（12）,mohsenone（13）,丁香酸（14）,二氢瑞香素乙（15）,西瑞香索（16）,β-谷甾醇（17）,3,4,5-三甲氧基苯甲酸（18）。其中化合物1—6均为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

海芒果叶中三萜类成分的研究

采用多种柱色谱等分离纯化手段对海芒果叶中的三萜类成分进行分离,得到7个化合物,通过理化性质和波谱方法鉴定化合物为熊果醇(1),(23Z)-9,19-cycloart-25-ene-3β,24-diol(2),大戟醇(3),乌苏酸(4),2α-羟基乌苏酸(5),乙酰乌苏酸(6),α-香树脂醇(7)。化合物1～6均为首次从该属植物中分离得到。     

蹄叶橐吾根的化学成分研究

从蹄叶橐吾（Ligularia fischeri）的根中分离得到13个化合物,通过波谱学等方法鉴定为2-hydrox-platyphyllide（1）,liguhodgsonal（2）,nsujapone（3）,6’-亚油酰基田-胡萝卜苷（4）,Luped（5）,6,7-二羟基香豆素（6）,3-谷甾醇（7）,胡萝卜苷（8）,（25,3S,4R,12E）-N-[2’-（R）-羟基二十二碳酰基]-1,3,4-三羟基-2-氨基-二十碳-12-烯（9）,单硬脂酸甘油酯（10）,α-羟基二十四烷酸（11）,1,3-二棕榈酸甘油酯（12）,二十七烷醇（13）。其中化合物1—6为首次从该种植物中分离得到。     

沉水植物苦草化学成分研究

通过使用乙酸乙酯溶剂对沉水植物苦草（Vallisneria natans）全草进行超声连续提取,采用硅胶柱色谱法和光谱分析法分离和鉴定化学成分。从苦草中分离到6个化合物：6,10,14-三甲基-2-十五酮（1）、棕榈酸（2）、4,22-二烯-3β-豆甾酮（3）、5α,豆甾烷-3,6-二酮（4）、硬脂酸（5）、棕榈酸乙酯（6）。化合物1—6为首次从该植物中发现。     

水红木中两个新的酚苷成分

从水红木（Viburnum cylindricum）植物中分离出2个新化合物,1-phlomglucinyl-（6-methybutyryl）-β-D-glucopyranoside命名为cylindrin A（1）,1-[4-（3-hydroxyl-propyl）]-pyrocatechol-（6-methybutyryl）-β-D—glucopyranoside,命名为cylindrin B（2）。以及7个已知化合物tachioside（3）,syingic acid-4-β-D-glucopyran oside（4）,1-β-D—glucopyanosyloxy-3-methoxy-5-hydroxybenzene（5）,4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenol-1-O-β-D-glucoside（6）,4-hydroxy-2,6-dimethoxyphen-1-O-β-D-glucoside（7）,phlorogluc inol-1-O-β-D-glucoside（8）,1-β-D-glucosyloxy-2-（3-nrethoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl）propane-1,3-diol（9）．它们的结构经波谱方法得到鉴定。3—9为首次从该种植物中分离得到。     

草珊瑚化学成分的研究北大核心CSCD

采用硅胶、SephadexLH-20、MCI等方法从草珊瑚（Sarcandra glabra）全草乙酸乙酯萃取部位分离得到10个化合物,经波谱学方法鉴定为Chlorajapolide C（1）,Shizukanolide H（2）,Chloranthalactone E（3）,Istanbulin B（4）,Istanbulin A（5）,4-Hydroxy-4,7-dimethyl-1-tetralone（6）,4α,7α-Epoxyguaiane-10α,11-diol（7）,（＋）-Hydroxydihydroneocurueol（8）,3β-Hydroxystigmast-5-en-7-one（9）,3β-Hydroxystigmast-5,22-dien-7-one（10）。其中6∽10这5个化合物均为首次从该科植物中得到,1、2为首次从该植物中得到。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.