暗纹东方同工酶生化表现型的研究

利用聚丙烯酚胺凝胶垂直平板电泳方法,对暗纹东方的心、肝、肾,肌、性腺５种不同组织的７种同工酶（ＥＳＴ、ＬＤＨ、ＰＯＤ、ＭＤＨ、ＳＯＤ、ＳＤＨ、α－ＡＭＹ）进行了研究,讨论了各同工酶的基因表达谱式,观察到ＥＳＴ同工酶存在着多态现象;ＬＤＨ同工酶有二个基因位点,但只表现３条带,Ａ与Ｂ亚基的结合受阻;ＭＤＨ同工酶存在性别差异,说明决定ＭＤＨ同工酶表达的因素在不同性别中存在差异;ＳＯＤ同工酶有３个基因位点。各同工酶酶谱稳定,有组织特异性,倡ＥＳＴ、ＭＤＨ、ＳＯＤ、ＰＯＤ同工酶在各组织器官中又表现出较大的一致性,有利于物种的鉴定。α－ＡＭＹ与ＳＤＨ只在个别组织中有活性,可能与特定组织与器官的形态发生与机能分化有关。     

淡水红藻一新种——异孢奥杜藻

淡水红藻一新种———异孢奥杜藻谢树莲凌元洁（山西大学生命科学系太原０３０００６）ＡＮＥＷＳＰＥＣＩＥＳＯＦＦＲＥＳＨＷＡＴＥＲＲＥＤＡＬＧＡＥ———ＡＵＤＯＵＩＮＥＬＬＡＨＥＴＥＲＯＳＰＯＲＡＦＲＯＭＣＨＩＮＡＸＩＥＳｈｕＬｉａｎＬＩＮＧＹｕａｎ...     

STUDIES ON THE PATTERN OF MEGASPOROGENESIS AND MICROTUBULAR CYTOSKELETON CHANGES IN CYMBIDIUM SINENSE

ＳＴＵＤＩＥＳＯＮＴＨＥＰＡＴＴＥＲＮＯＦＭＥＧＡＳＰＯＲＯＧＥＮＥＳＩＳＡＮＤＭＩＣＲＯＴＵＢＵＬＡＲＣＹＴＯＳＫＥＬＥＴＯＮＣＨＡＮＧＥＳＩＮＣＹＭＢＩＤＩＵＭＳＩＮＥＮＳＥ￥Ｓ．Ｙ．ＺｅｅＸ．Ｌ．Ｙｅ（１ＢｏｔａｎｙＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔ,Ｕｎｉ...     

中国孤雌生殖卤虫中多倍体同工酶基因的表达

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶垂直板电泳地,对中国孤雌生殖卤虫１０个品系的２６个多倍体单个体克隆的９种同工酶的基因表达情况、种群遗传结构以及进化关系进行了研究。在研究的９种同工酶中ＬＤＨ、６ＰＧＤＨ、ＧＤＨ为单态酶、ＭＤＨ、ＰＯＤ、ＥＳＴ、ＡＣＰ、ＡＬＰ和α－ＡＭＹ为多态酶。ＭＤＨ、ＰＯＤ重复基因不表达。为功能二倍体,ＥＳＴ、ＡＣＰ、ＡＬＰ和α－ＡＭＹ重复基因表达。,以遗传相似系数所做的聚类分析结果可以明显表     

应用放射性自显影技术检测外源DNA与鸡精子的结合

应用放射性自显影技术检测外源ＤＮＡ与鸡精子的结合ＤＥＴＥＣＴＩＮＧＡＳＳＯＣＩＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＥＸＯＧＥＮＯＵＳＤＮＡＷＩＴＨＣＨＩＣＫＥＮＳＰＥＲＭＵＳＩＮＧＡＵＴＯＲＡＤＩＯＧＲＡＰＨＹ关键词鸡，精子，脂质体，ＤＮＡ与精子的结合ＫｅｙｗｏｒｄｓＣｈ...     

十字花科上的链格孢属真菌同工酶凝胶电泳分析

本文报道对从国内外收集到的生于十字花科植物上的３种链格孢属真菌２１个菌株进行的１０种同工酶的聚丙酰胺凝胶电泳分析结果,这１０种酶分别是：酯酶（ＥＳＴ）、碱性磷酸酶（ＡＫＰ）、酸性磷酸酶（ＡＣＰ）、多酚氧化酶（ＰＰＯ）、近氧化氢酶（ＣＡＴ）、谷氨酸脱氢酶（ＧＤＨ）、甘露醇脱氢酶（ＭＡＤＨ）、乙醇脱氢酶（ＡＤＨ）、黄嘌呤脱氢酶（ＸＤＨ）、过氧化物岐化酶（ＳＯＤ）。对同工酶酶谱资料的聚类分析,在较高的相     

云南6个地区恒河猴蛋白多态及遗传多样性研究

云南６个地区恒河猴蛋白多态及遗传多样性研究＊ＧＥＮＥＴＩＣＤＩＶＥＲＳＩＴＹＡＭＯＮＧＭａｃａｃａｍｕｌａｔａＦＲＯＭＳＩＸＲＥＧＩＯＮＳＩＮＹＵＮＮＡＮＰＲＯＶＩＮＣＥＢＡＳＥＤＯＮＰＲＯＴＥＩＮＥＬＥＣＴＲＯＰＨＯＲＥＳＩＳ关键词恒河猴，蛋白电泳...     

P~（53） PROTEIN OVEREXPRESSION IN PREMALIGNANT AND MALIGNANT LESIONS OF ORAL MUCOSA：IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL OBSERVATION

Ｐ~（５３）　ＰＲＯＴＥＩＮ　ＯＶＥＲＥＸＰＲＥＳＳＩＯＮ　ＩＮ　ＰＲＥＭＡＬＩＧＮＡＮＴ　ＡＮＤ　ＭＡＬＩＧＮＡＮＴ　ＬＥＳＩＯＮＳ　ＯＦ　ＯＲＡＬ　ＭＵＣＯＳＡ：ＩＭＭＵＮＯＨＩＳＴＯＣＨＥＭＩＣＡＬ　ＯＢＳＥＲＶＡＴＩＯＮＰ~（５３）ＰＲＯＴＥＩ...     

甲基单胞菌Methylomonas sp.GYJ3中甲烷单加氧酶还原酶组分的纯化和性质

Ｍｅｔｙｌｏｍｏｎａｓｓｐ．ＧＹＪ３菌的甲烷单加氧酶（ＭＭＯ）粗酶提取液经ＤＥＡＥ－ＳｅｐｈａｒｏｓｅＣＬ－６Ｂ阴离子交换层析、ＳｅｐｈａｄｅｘＧ－１００凝胶过滤层析和ＤＥＡＥ－ＴＳＫｇｅｌＨＰＬＣ分离纯化出ＭＭＯ还原酶组分．经ＨＰＬＣ分析,纯度大于９５％,纯化倍数为４．４,加入至ＭＭＯ羟基化酶和调节蛋白Ｂ的体系中表现比活为２２８ｎｍｏｌ环氧丙烷每分钟毫克蛋白．ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ电泳表明还原酶由一种亚基组成,分子量４２ｋＤ．ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ测定还原酶的Ｆｅ含量为１．８３ｍｏｌＦｅ每ｍｏｌ蛋白．ＵＶ－Ｖｉｓ光谱表明还原酶除２８０ｎｍ蛋白质特征峰外在４６０ｎｍ有最大吸收峰,且Ａ２８０ｎｍ／Ａ４６０ｎｍ为２．５０,与其它黄素一铁硫蛋白相似,推测还原酶可能含一个ＦＡＤ辅基和Ｆｅ２Ｓ２中心．在厌氧条件下,还原酶能够和ＮＡＤＨ作用,ＵＶ－Ｖｉｓ光谱分析表明还原酶４６０ｎｍ处特征吸收峰消失,说明在ＭＭＯ催化过程中还原酶接受ＮＡＤＨ的电子．ＤＥＡＥ－ＳｅｐｈａｒｏｓｅＣＬ－６Ｂ阴离子交换层析分离出调节蛋白Ｂ,部分纯化的调节蛋白Ｂ的分子量大约在２０ｋＤ,它能够提高ＭＭＯ比活性４０倍,ＭＭＯ还原酶和调节蛋白Ｂ单独存在时不具有ＭＭＯ     

中国山西,广西美芒藻属两新种

中国山西、广西美芒藻属两新种谢树莲凌元洁（山西大学生命科学系太原０３０００６）ＴＷＯＮＥＷＳＰＥＣＩＥＳＯＦＣＯＭＰＳＯＰＯＧＯＮ（ＲＨＯＤＯＰＨＹＴＡ）ＦＲＯＭＳＨＡＮＸＩＡＮＤＧＵＡＮＧＸＩ,ＣＨＩＮＡＸＩＥＳｈｕＬｉａｎＬＩＮＧＹｕａｎＪ...     

异育淇鲫及其双亲同工酶的比较研究

用4.5％聚丙烯酰胺凝胶平板电泳研究了异育淇鲫及其母本淇鲫和父本兴国红鲤的肌可溶性蛋白以及肾、肝、眼、背白肌和心等五种组织的乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、苹果酸脱氢酶(MDH)和酯酶(EST)。结果发现:异育淇鲫的肌可溶性蛋白以及同工酶的电泳图谱与母本淇鲫相同而与父本兴国红鲤显著不同,因而认为异育淇鲫是淇鲫雌核发育的产物,父本基因对子代基本无影响。在此基础上,本文对异源精子在雌核发育中所起的生物学作用进行了初步探讨。     

日本白鲫IGF-1基因全长cDNA克隆及组织表达分析

通过已获得的多个物种IGF-1基因的cDNA序列,设计合成简并引物,用日本白鲫的肝脏总RNA反转录获得的cDNA做模板,克隆获得了IGF-1中间序列.在此基础上,通过SMART RACE,获得了IGF-1全长cDNA序列.经过序列对比分析,所得到的序列是日本白鲫(Carassius cuvieri)IGF-1 cDNA全长,其中开放阅读框为486 bp,编码含161个氨基酸的蛋白质,该蛋白质含有保守的信号肽、B、C、A、D和E结构域和6个半胱氨酸残基.同时,系统进化分析表明,在进化过程中IGF-1基因在鱼类中保持着高度保守的进化特征.IGF-1在日本白鲫中广泛表达于多个组织,尤其在肝脏中表达量最高.在垂体、心脏、肾脏和肌肉中有较高的表达.而在脑、脾脏、精巢和卵巢中的表达量较低.     

复合四倍体异育银鲫个体间遗传异质性的研究

用聚丙烯酰胺梯度凝胶电泳,分析比较了４个不同的银鲫雌核发育系,红鲤和复合四倍体异育银鲫鳍的５种不同的同工酶及蛋白表型的差异,表明复合四倍体异育银鲫表型上的差异主要是来自银鲫种内的遗传差异（不同的雌核发育系）。来源于同一个银鲫雌核发育系的复合四倍体异育银鲫,个体间的ＥＳＴ同工酶出现差异,并与父体红鲤的ＥＳＴ同工酶的多态性相关,因此,复合四倍体异育银鲫个体间的异质性也包含了来自父本的遗传影响。在所检测     

草鱼同工酶发育遗传学研究——Ⅰ.不同组织器官的同工酶分析

采用垂直淀粉凝胶电泳及特异性组织化学染色技术,研究了草鱼成体脑、眼、心、肾、肌、肝等6种组织中的6种同工酶系统(LDH、MDH、GDH、ADH、LDH、EST)的分化表达谱式。结果表明,草鱼的同工酶系统具有明显的组织特异性。与绝大多数硬骨鱼类相比,草鱼的LDH、m-MDH和ADH同工酶具有特殊的表达谱式:m-MDH和ADH均由两个基因座位编码;肾脏在LDH-A_3B与LDH-A_2B_3之间多出1条LDH酶带(LDH-X)。本文还讨论了草鱼同工酶的遗传基础和亚基组成,以及本实验的某些结果与其他作者的结果不相符的原因。     

Genetic Diversity among Different Clones of the Gynogenetic Silver Crucian Carp, Carassius auratus gibelio, Revealed by Transferrin and Isozyme Markers

Genetic diversity among four clones (A, D, E, F) of gynogenetic silver crucian carp was studied using transferrin and isozymes in the blood as markers. Of the five proteins investigated, three (transferrin, esterase and superoxide dismutase) indicated polymorphism and eight polymorphic loci were detected. These loci were probably encoded by codominant alleles and their inheritance patterns were analyzed. Intraclonal homogeneity and interclonal heterogeneity were observed in these clones, which allowed us to infer the clonal nature and evolutionary relationship between them. Clonal diversity in this population of silver crucian carp in China was also compared with data reported from gynogenetic crucian carp in Germany.     

草鱼出血病病毒对其它鱼的感染性研究

用草鱼出血病病鱼分离出的草鱼出血病病毒(Grass carp hemorrhage virus,GCHV)感染其它常见鱼并用ELISA方法检查感染鱼组织提取液,结果表明:青鱼、鲢鱼、布氏鳌条对GCHV抗体呈阳性反应;鲤鱼、鳙鱼、鲫鱼、团头鲂、泥鳅则呈阴性反应。综合感染鱼发病症状及死亡特征,初步认为:青鱼对GCHV是易感的,GCHV能在鲢鱼、布氏蟹条体内增值,但毒力较低,鳙鱼、鲫鱼、团头鲂、鲤鱼、泥鳅能抗GCHV感染。     

Genome-Wide Identification,Characterization and Phylogenetic Analysis of ATP-Binding Cassette (ABC) Transporter Genes in Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio)

The ATP-binding cassette (ABC) gene family is considered to be one of the largest gene families in all forms of prokaryotic and eukaryotic life. Although the ABC transporter genes have been annotated in some species, detailed information about the ABC superfamily and the evolutionary characterization of ABC genes in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) are still unclear. In this research, we identified 61 ABC transporter genes in the common carp genome. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that they could be classified into seven subfamilies, namely 11 ABCAs, six ABCBs, 19 ABCCs, eight ABCDs, two ABCEs, four ABCFs, and 11 ABCGs. Comparative analysis of the ABC genes in seven vertebrate species including common carp, showed that at least 10 common carp genes were retained from the third round of whole genome duplication, while 12 duplicated ABC genes may have come from the fourth round of whole genome duplication. Gene losses were also observed for 14 ABC genes. Expression profiles of the 61 ABC genes in six common carp tissues (brain, heart, spleen, kidney, intestine, and gill) revealed extensive functional divergence among the ABC genes. Different copies of some genes had tissue-specific expression patterns, which may indicate some gene function specialization. This study provides essential genomic resources for future studies in common carp.     

鳙鱼同工酶发育遗传学研究

采用淀粉或聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法分析鳙鱼早期发育阶段(从未受精卵到卵黄吸尽期)及成体不同组织(脑、眼、心、肌、肾、肝)中六种同工酶(LDH,MDH,IDH,ADH,SDH,EST)的分化表达模式。鳙鱼同工酶基因的表达具有明显的组织特异性。早期发育阶段,ADH和SDH均无染色活性;LDH、MDH和IDH具有不同的发育变化谱式,而EST酶谱在整个早期发育阶段均无明显变化。与鲢、草鱼相比,鳙鱼早期发育过程中胚胎Ldh-A基因激活的时间被推迟。上述结果可为鳙鱼种群的生化遗传结构分析以及鳙鱼的人工育种提供基础资料。     

异精效应在雌核发育彭泽鲫胚胎发育中的同工酶证据

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶垂直板电泳技术 ,对同源和异源精子激发雌核发育彭泽鲫子代胚胎发育过程中四种同工酶 (EST ,LDH ,MDH ,ME)的表达情况进行了比较研究。结果表明同源和异源精子激发的胚胎在MDH和LDH同工酶表达上存在明显差异。MDH同工酶的差异主要表现为 :在孵出期 ,异源精子激发的胚胎比同源精子激发的胚胎多出两条谱带MDH4’和MDH5’ ;LDH同工酶的差异表现为 :在原肠中期至肌肉收缩期的五个时期中 ,异源精子激发的胚胎比同源精子激发的胚胎多出 4条谱带 (LDH9’— 12’)。这种差异说明同源与异源精子对子代胚胎发育过程中同工酶表达的影响不同 ,可能属于“异精生物学效应”的一种表现形式     

Molecular cloning and characterization of alpha-class glutathione S-transferase gene from the liver of silver carp, bighead carp, and other major Chinese freshwater fishes

Two full-length cDNAs encoding glutathione S-transferase (GST) were cloned and sequenced from the hepatopancreas of planktivorous silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) and bighead carp (Aristichthys nobilis). The silver carp and bighead carp GST cDNA were 920 and 978 bp in length, respectively, and both contained an open reading frame that encoding 223 amino acids. Partial GST cDNA sequences were also obtained from the liver of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus), crucian carp (Carassius auratu), mud carp (Cirrhinus molitorella), and tilapia (Oreochromis nilotica). All these GSTs could be classified as alpha-class GSTs on the basis of their amino acid sequence identity with other species. The three-dimensional structure of the silver carp GST was predicted using a computer program, and was found to fit the classical two-domain GST structure. Using the genome walker method, a 875-bp 5'-flanking region of the silver carp GST gene was obtained, and several lipopolysaccharide (LPS) response elements were identified in the promoter region of the phytoplanktivorous fish GST gene, indicating that the GST gene expression of this fish might be regulated by LPS, released from the toxic blue-green algae producing microcystins. To compare the constitutive expression level of the liver GST gene among the six freshwater fishes with completely different tolerance to microcystins, beta-actin was used as control and the ratio GST/beta-actin mRNA (%) was determined as 130.7 +/- 6.6 (grass carp), 103.1 +/- 8.9 (bighead carp), 92.6 +/- 15.0 (crucian carp), 72.3 +/- 7.8 (mud carp), 58.8 +/- 11.5 (silver carp), and 33.6 +/- 13.7 (tilapia). The constitutive expression level of the liver GST gene clearly shows that all the six freshwater fishes had a negative relationship with their tolerance to microcystins: high-resistant fishes (phytoplanktivorous silver carp and tilapia) had the lowest tolerance to microcystins and the high-sensitive fish (herbivorous grass carp) had the highest tolerance to microcystins. Taken together with the reciprocal relationship of constitutive and inducible liver GST expression level in some of the tested fish species to microcystin exposure, a molecular mechanism for different microcystin detoxification abilities of the warm freshwater fishes was discussed.