P物质对GABAA和GABAB受体介导的DRG神经元膜反应的调制作用

实验在幼年大鼠ＤＲＧ标本上进行。应用细胞内记录观察了ＳＰ对ＧＡＢＡ反应的调制作用。结果证明：（１）单独滴加ＳＰ（５×１０（－６）－４×１０（－５）ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）或浴槽灌流ＳＰ（１０（－６）－５×１０（－６）ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）不引起膜电位的改变或仅有轻微的去极化,但却能使ＧＡＢＡ引起的去极化反应减小５０．８±２０．２％（±ＳＤ）（２０／３０）;（２）单独滴加ＳＰ可使多数受检细胞ＡＰＤ５０延长２８．７±９．１％（±ＳＤ）（１０／１８）;（３）在预加ＳＰ后,能使ｂａｃｌｏｆｅｎ所引起的ＡＰＤ５０缩短效应（２０．６±２．９％,±ＳＤ）完全消除（４／１２）或翻转成ＡＰＤ（５０）延长１９．３±８．９％（±ＳＤ）（８／１２）;（４）预加ＧＡＢＡＢ受体激动剂ｂａｃｌｏｆｅｎ（１０（－４）－１０（－３）ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）３０—９０ｓ后明显地抑制ｍｕｓｃｉｍｏｌ（１０－４－１０－３ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）引起的去极化反应,其抑制效应达５４．４±１８．８％（±ＳＤ）（１７／２０）。由于ＤＲＧ神经元的胞体通常可用来作为研究初级传入终末的模型,因而本文实验结果提示：介导伤害性刺激信息的Ｐ物质在背角的释放,可能作用于初级传入终末,从而产生对抗ＧＡＢＡ介导的突触     

Hg~(2+)、Pb~(2+)、Cd~(2+)和Cu~(2+)对沼泽红假单胞菌生长及净化氮、磷能力的影响

研究了在培养基中分别添加不同浓度的重金属离子时Ｈｇ２＋、Ｐｂ２＋、Ｃｄ２＋和Ｃｕ２＋作为人工配制的污水对光合细菌沼泽红假单胞菌生长与净化ＰＯ４－Ｐ和ＮＨ４－Ｎ能力的影响。实验结果表明:当培养基中Ｈｇ２＋的浓度达到２×１０－６ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１,该菌生长趋势开始减慢;当增至４×１０－６ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１时,生长完全被抑制。Ｃｕ２＋的浓度达到１×１０－６ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１,该菌生长趋势也开始减慢;当增至８×１０－６ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１时生长完全被抑制。Ｃｄ２＋的浓度达４×１０－６ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１时,其延缓期大大延长;增至１６×１０－５ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１时生长完全被抑制。培养基中Ｐｂ２+的浓度达到８×１０－４ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１时,对该菌生长并未产生影响。当培养基中重金属离子浓度未达到完全抑制其生长时,对其净化ＰＯ４－Ｐ和ＮＨ４－Ｎ能力的影响不显著。     

磷酸肌酸对豚鼠心肌细胞缺氧复氧损伤膜电位的影响

本实验观察了缺氧复氧对豚鼠心肌细胞膜电位的影响及磷酸肌酸的保护作用。结果表明缺氧５－２０ｍｉｎ时ＲＰ、ＡＰＡ减小，Ｖｍａｘ减慢，ＡＰＤ１０、ＡＰＤ５０、ＡＰＤ９０缩短。复氧５－２０ｍｉｎ后，ＲＰ、ＡＰＡ和Ｖｍａｘ进一步减少，ＡＰＤ１０、ＡＰＤ５０、ＡＰＤ９０明显缩短。在灌流液中加入磷酸肌酸保持其浓度在１０－６ｍｏｌ时，ＲＰ、ＡＰＡ显著增加，Ｖｍａｘ增快，ＡＰＤ１０、ＡＰＤ５０、ＡＰＤ９０明显延长。复氧２０ｍｉｎ后膜电位各项参数趋向恢复正常。此结果提示，磷酸肌酸对缺氧复氧的心肌具有显著的保护作用。     

蛋白激酶C对CNE-2Z细胞p53基因表达的影响

用抗人ｐ５３蛋白单抗,进行免疫细胞化学染色,研究了蛋白激酶Ｃ（ＰＫＣ）对ＣＮＥ－２Ｚ细胞ｐ５３基因表达的影响。结果发现：对照组Ｐ５３蛋白阳性细胞百分比为６７．６９±２．９７。ＰＫＣ催化区抑制剂Ｓｔａｕｒｏｓｐｏｒｉｎｅ（ＳＴ）和调节区抑制剂Ｓｐｈｉｎｇｏｓｉｎｅ（ＳＳ）终浓度分别为２×１０－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ和４×１０－５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ诱导细胞２４ｈ后,Ｐ５３阳性细胞百分比分别为３０．４４±４．２５和２９．１９±２．３９,较对照组均明显降低,Ｐ＜０．０１。用终浓度为２×１０－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ的ＴＰＡ和终浓度为４ｕｇ／ｍｌ的ＯＡＧ分别作用２４ｈ后,Ｐ５３阳性细胞百分比分别为３３．７５±４．３４和６８．１８±４．４２,前者较对照组明显降低,Ｐ＜０．０１,后者变化不明显。阳性细胞中对照组和ＯＡＧ组以胞核和胞浆均着色为主,而ＳＳ、ＳＴ和ＴＰＡ组以胞核着色为主。以上结果表明：突变型ｐ５３基因在ＣＮＥ－２Ｚ细胞中有较高表达;通过抑制细胞ＰＫＣ活性和耗竭ＰＫＣ含量后,均可降低ｐ５３基因的表达;ＰＫＣ激活剂ＯＡＧ对该细胞ｐ５３基因的表达无明显影响。     

亲和层析纯化HepG2细胞分泌的PAI—1

本文报道用抗ＰＡＩ－１单克隆抗体（ＭｃＡｂ）亲和层析建立了纯化ＰＡＩ－１的简便方法。经免疫亲和层析,Ｓｅｐｈａｃｒｙｌ Ｓ２００凝胶过滤,从ＨｅｐＧ２细胞培液中分离到糖基化和非糖基化两种形式的ＰＡＩ－１,回收率为８４％,ＰＡＩ－１比活性为６．１×１０＾４ＩＵ／ｍｇ。糖基化ＰＡＩ－１分子量为５０ｋＤ,比活性５．８×１０＾４ＩＵ／ｍｇ。非糖基化ＰＡＩ－１分子量４３ｋＤ,占总ＰＡＩ－１３０％,仍具有ＰＡ     

不同剂量乙肝疫苗阻断乙型肝炎病毒母婴传播的远期效果观察

本文对出生后接种不同剂量乙肝血源疫苗的２７２名婴儿进行了３－５年的效果随访观察。结果表明,接种３、４、５年后,抗－ＨＢｓ阳性率仍分别保持在９０．５％、８２．３％和７３．２％,ＨＢｓＡｇ阳性率分别为２．８％、３．１％和４．２％。３年后抗－ＨＢｓ阳性率逐年下降,Ｐ／Ｎ值＞５０者以接种后３年为多,＜５０者以５年为多,３年后也呈下降趋势。随访结果说明,接种１０μｇ×４、５μｇ×４及２．５μｇ×４剂量的乙肝疫苗具有阻断母婴乙肝病毒传播的效果。鉴于Ｐ／Ｎ值及抗－ＨＢｓ阳性率在接种后３年开始下降,建议接种后３年应进行一次加强接种。     

糖皮质激素及其他甾体激素对大鼠下丘脑薄片释放精氨酸加压素的影响

本工作采用离体孵育技术,观察大鼠下丘脑薄片（含有室旁核和视上核）释放精氨酸加压素（ＡＶＰ）和糖皮质激素（ＧＣ）及其他甾体激素对ＡＶＰ释放的快速影响。结果如下：（１）大鼠下丘脑薄片经过９０ｍｉｎ的恢复之后,在长达６ｈ的孵育过程中能够相当稳定地释放ＡＶＰ,释放量为９．０６±１．２３ｐｇ／ｍｉｎ;（２）皮质酮（Ｂ）在２０ｍｉｎ内可明显地抑制ＡＶＰ的释放,在１０－７—１０－４ｍｏｌ／Ｌ范围内呈剂量－效应关系;（３）在同一剂量（１０－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）,皮质醇、１７β－雌二醇和睾丸酮也可快速地抑制ＡＶＰ的释放,而相同剂量的地塞米松、醛固酮、孕酮、ＲＵ４８６和胆固醇却无此效应;（４）ＲＵ４８６（１０－７—１０－３ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）对ＡＶＰ的释放没有影响,但却能（１０－５—１０－３ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）部分地阻断Ｂ的快速抑制效应。这些结果表明,ＧＣ对大鼠下丘脑ＡＶＰ的释放具有不通过传统的基因组机制的快速抑制效应,此种抑制效应可能与ＧＣ的负反馈调节作用有关。     

杜氏盐藻细胞质膜氧化还原系统

杜氏盐藻细胞质膜具的氧化ＮＡＤ（Ｐ）Ｈ,还原Ｆｅ（ＣＮ）＾３－６和Ｏ２的氧化还原系统。当Ｆｅ（ＣＮ）＾３－６浓度为０．６ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ,氧化ＮＡＤＨ的Ｋｍ为９６μｍｏｌ／Ｌ,Ｖｍａｘ为１５９ｎｍｏｌ１０＾－８ｃｅｌｌｓｍｉｎ＾－１,最适ｐＨ为８．５。ＴｒｉｔｏｎＸ－１００可促进ＮＡＤＨ和Ｆｅ（ＣＮ）＾３－６的氧化还原活性。ＮＡＤＨ能促进藻细胞的氧吸收,最适ｐＨ为８．５。在无外源电子供体存在时,细胞质     

4－甲基组胺和三氟啦嗪对WEHI_3细胞增殖的影响

用体外细胞液体培养法研究组胺Ｈ＿２受体激动剂４－甲基组胺（４－ＭＨ）、Ｈ＿２受体拮抗剂西咪替丁和钙调素拮抗剂三氟啦嗪（ＴＦＰ）对小鼠粒单白血病ＷＥＨＩ＿３细胞增殖的影响。结果表明：４－ＭＨ呈剂量依赖性抑制ＷＥＨＩ＿３细胞增殖。１０￣（－４）ｍｏｌ／Ｌ西咪替丁可阻断这种效应。１０￣（－５）─１０￣（－４）ｍｏｌ／ＬＴＦＰ阻断ＷＥＨＩ＿３细胞增殖,１０￣（－６）ｍｏｌ／ＬＴＦＰ对细胞影响不大,但与高浓度４－ＭＨ合用有协同抑制效应。     

P物质对大鼠分离的DRG细胞GABA激活电流的抑制作用

本文就用全细胞膜片箝技术,在新鲜分离的大鼠ＤＲＧ细胞上证明,在部分细胞Ｐ物质（１０＾－７－１０＾－５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）可引起浓度依赖性的内向流（４／２６）;在多数细胞虽未检测到ＳＰ引起的膜电流,但却能对ＧＡＢＡＡ受体激活介导的膜内向流产生抑制效应（１８／２２）,并有加速去敏感的作用。本文就有关ＳＰ以ＧＡＢＡ激活电流抑制效应的可能意义进行了讨论。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.